2nd Nine Weeks Exam

1.

2 points

What is the smallest number os seismograms needed to determine the distance of an earthquake from a particular seismic station?

three

one

two

none

2.

2 points

A certain plant species contains a bad-tasting chemical. What is the most likely result of this adaptation?

The chemical is used to make food for the plant.

Animals are less likely to eat this plant.

The plant is able to live in many different environments.

Animals are more likely to eat the plant.

3.

2 points

Which layer of Earth is divided into giant, moving pieces of rock called tectonic plates?

inner core

asthenosphere

lithosphere

outer core

4.

2 points

The geologic time scale divides Earth’s history into intervals based on

A time line of human history on Earth.

Sets of one billion years, called eons.

Major events or changes on Earth.

Earth's rotations around the sun.

5.

2 points

Which statement best describes how Earth changes over time?

Earth changes very rarely.

Eart has never changed.

Earth is constantly changing.

Earth is always changing rapidly.

6.

2 points

Rock that forms under heat and pressure inside Earth is

sedimentary rock.

metamorphic rock.

igenous rock.

extrusive rock.

7.

2 points

Which of the following lists Earth's layers from outermost to innermost?

mantle, outer core, crust, inner core

crust, inner core, outer core, mantle

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

outer core, inner core, mantle, crust

8.

2 points

An earthquake's epicenter is located directly above its

seismic station

seismogram

tsunami

focus

9.

2 points

Folded mountains form at tectonic boundaries where

plates move toward each other.

plates move away from each other.

new ocean crust is formed.

plates move horizontally past each other.

10.

2 points

Which waves are recorded by a seismograph first?

p waves

s waves

surface waves

all waves are recorded at the same time

11.

2 points

The Aleutian Trench is a subduction zone. Along what kind of fault are most of the earhtquakes likely to occur in this area?

reverse faults

strike-slip faults

horizontal faults

normal faults

12.

2 points

A student wants to know if the type of soil used will affect how tall a pea plant will grow. She grows size pea plants in three types of soil. Each plant is given the same amount of water every other day. She measures the heights of the plants every day. What is the dependent variable in her experiment?

amount of water

type of soil

height of the plants

number of plants

13.

2 points

One way scientists learn about changes that occurred in Earth's ATMOSPHERE a long time ago is by studying

carbon fossils.

mold fossils.

tar cores.

ice cores.

14.

2 points

What are cavities left in rocks when a shell or bone dissolves called?

carbon films

casts

original remains

molds

15.

2 points

The largest unit of geologic time is experessed as

an eon.

an epoch.

an era.

a period.

16.

2 points

Precambrian time consists of the

first 4 billion years of Earth's history.

last 4 billion years of Earth's history.

middle 4 billion year of Earth's history.

All of Earth's history.

17.

2 points

A student read in an old cookbook that one way to test whether an egg is hard-boiled is to see if it floats or sinks in water. According to the cookbook, hard-boiled eggs sink when placed in water. To test this, the student placed hard-boiled eggs in a bowl of water. She saw that all the hardboiled eggs sank to the bottom. When she placed fresh eggs (uncooked) in the bowl of water, most of the floated, but a few sank to the bottom. She concluded that hard-boiled eggs do not float in water. What scientific question could this experiment lead to?

How long should an egg be boiled?

Why do some fresh eggs float and other fresh eggs sink in the water?

Are hard-boiled eggs better to eat than scrambled eggs?

What are some recipes that use hard-boiled eggs?

18.

2 points

The original remains of a small insect may be found preserved in

rock.

cast fossils.

tree rings.

amber.

19.

2 points

What principle states that the oldest layer is found at the bottom of an undisturbed stack of rock layers?

absolute dating

superposition

uniformitarianism

half life

20.

2 points

Minerals that are mined because they contain profitable materials are called

igneous rocks.

metals.

ores.

sediments.

21.

2 points

Humans first appeared during the

Paleozoic Era.

Cenozoic Era.

Mesozoic Era.

Precambrian Time.

22.

2 points

Rock that forms when magma cools below Earth's surface is called

petroleum

coal

igneous rock

metamorphic rock

23.

2 points

The locations where tectonic plates scrape horizontally past one another are called

deep sea trenches

mid ocean ridges

transform boundaries

subduction zones

24.

2 points

The process in which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and into the Earth's mantle is called

subduction.

convection.

continental drift.

conduction.

25.

2 points

Why don't igneous rocks contain fossils?

The high temperature of the molten rock from which igneous rock forms destroys any animals.

Igneous rocks generally formed in cooler areas of Earth where no life existed.

All igenous rocks formed before plant and animal life existed on Earth.

Igneous rocks cool too quickly while forming and are therefore not dense enough.

26.

2 points

Precambrian time refers to

the era during which humans first appeared on Earth.

the latest period in Earth's history.

the era during which dinoaurs first appeared on Earth.

the earliest period in Earth's history.

27.

2 points

During the Precambrian time,

the first single-celled bacteria appeared.

humans first appeared.

life first moved onto land.

mammals first appeared.

28.

2 points

Who developed the continental drift hypothesis?

Harry Hess

Jason Morgan

Tuzo Wilson

Alfred Wegener

29.

2 points

Earthquakes are caused

by slow steady movement in the lithosphere.

by slow steady movement in the asthenosphere.

when movement along a fault stops.

by sudden movement along a fault.

30.

2 points

Fossils are traces or remains of

volcanic eruptions.

sunlight.

living things.

sediments.

31.

2 points

The oldest layer in an undisturbed sedimentary bed is usually

on the top.

the smallest.

the largest.

on the bottom.

32.

2 points

What has the study of fossils allowed scientists to do?

describe past environments and the history of life.

study present ocean temperatures at different depths.

describe the details of the process by which life began.

analyze the chemical composition os sedimentary rocks and minerals.

33.

2 points

Which seismic wave type causes the most ground motion to occur?

primary waves

tertiary waves

surface waves

secondary waves

34.

2 points

Rock fossils form

most frequently in igneous rock.

most frequently in sedimentary rock.

in all types of rocks.

in petrified wood.

35.

2 points

Pressure increases as you move toward Earth’s center. In which layer would you expect pressure to be the greatest?

crust

mantle

outer core

inner core

36.

2 points

A fossil of a dinosaur's footprint is an example of

a carbon film.

an original remain.

a trace fossil.

a mold fossil.

37.

2 points

Whether an organism survives a catastrphe depends largely on

its adaptations

where it lives

its size

how old it is

38.

2 points

Most volcanoes occur

along fault zones.

along plate boundaries.

in the center of a continent.

over hot spots.

39.

2 points

What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

the point on Earht's surface directly above the focus

the point at which the fault moves and energy is released

the point at which the earthquake causes the most damage

the point along the fault where pressure begins to build up again

40.

2 points

A compass points north because

it is attracted to the geographic north pole.

it aligns with Earth's magnetic field.

it points toward the iron in Earth's core.

it is repelled by the geographic south pole.

41.

2 points

Igneous rock that cuts through sedimentary layers is always

the same age as the layers of sediment on top of it.

older than the layers of sediment it cuts through.

younger than the layers of sediment it cuts through.

older than the layers of sediment on top of it.

42.

2 points

Which quantity is measured using a triple beam balance?

mass

length

volume

weight

43.

2 points

Rock that forms after weathering and erosion of other rock is

metamorphic rock

intrusive rock

sediemntary rock

extrusive rock

44.

2 points

In order to form a cast fossil, minerals and sediment must fill a

mold fossil

living organism

decaying organism

carbon film

45.

2 points

The body of a large prehistoryic animal, such as a mammoth, complete with bones, muscle, skin, and hair may be found preserved in

amber.

cast fossils.

tree rings.

ice.

46.

2 points

You are working with chemicals int he lab. Whcih type of eye protection do you need to wear?

sunglasses

no eye protection

safety goggles

contact lenses

47.

2 points

By studying layers of sedimentary rock, scientists can determine the

relative ages of the layers.

actual ages of the layers.

absolute ages of the layers.

fossil ages of the layers.

48.

2 points

If a topographic map shows contour lines that are very close together, what would you expect to find if you visited that spot on Earth?

flat plain

gentle slope

slight depression

steep cliff

49.

2 points

The age of an event or object compared with other events or objects is called its

half-life

relative age

absolute age

fossil age

50.

2 points

Of the following, what BEST increases the reliability of a scientific explanation?

repeatable data

notes taken after an investigation

the more money it costs

vague statements