Respiratory Tract Drugs

1.

1 point

When taking two inhaled medications, how long should the client wait before administering the second one?

30 minutes

approx. 1 hr

5 minutes

they can be administered at the same time

2.

1 point

When taking a Xanthine (Theophylline-bronchodilator), patients should avoid the consumption of which of the following?

Mr. Pibb

coffee

cranberry juice

chocolate

3.

1 point

Albuterol is used short acting and is used for acute therapy, whereas, Sameterol/Formeterol are long-acting and are used for long term therapy?

True

False

4.

1 point

When treating a "common cold," you treat the symptoms prior to knowing the diagnosis, what is this type of therapy called?

viral therapy

empiric therapy

palliative care

prophylactic therapy

5.

1 point

Tamiflu is used as an effective treatment for upper respiratory tract infections: i.e. rhinovirus

True- Tamiflu treats all viral infections, including rhinovirus

False- Tamiflu is not effective in treating rhinovirus

6.

1 point

Prolonged use of Glucocorticoids for asthma therapy can have which long-term effect?

increased stimulation of the CNS and heart palpitations

decreased production of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex

rebound congestion

decreased exogenous glucocorticoids

7.

1 point

Which is a contraindication in the administration of decongestant drugs?

fever

nausea

influenza

glaucoma

8.

1 point

What are the adverse reactions of Beta 2 agonists? (albuterol)

increased HR, heart palpitations

tremors, insomnia

restlessness

decreased BP, decreased peripheral pulses

9.

1 point

There is no cure for the common cold?

True

False

10.

1 point

Nonopioid and opioid antitussives can both cause sedation drowsiness, and dizziness?

True

False

11.

1 point

Which drugs are used for prophylactic asthma treatment and what is the main effect?

Albuterol: bronchodilator

Formoterol: bronchodilator

Fluticasone: anti-inflammatory

Prednisone: anti-inflammatory

12.

1 point

What do leukotrienes do in the body?

they cause alleviate asthma symptoms

they cause inflammation and bronchoconstriction

relax bronchial muscles

they reduce inflammation

13.

1 point

What are the main adverse effects of Opioid Antitussives (Codeine combination drugs)

addiction

respiratory depression

GI upset

sedation

14.

1 point

Which of the following should be monitored in patients taking Anticholinergics for COPD?

pupils for mydriasis

pupils for miosis

decreased GI motility

dry mouth

15.

1 point

When should oral decongestants be taken?

In the morning because they depress the CNS

In the evening because they stimulate the CNS

doesn't matter, they have no effect on the CNS

in the evening because they can cause insomnia

16.

1 point

Rebound congestion is the result of prolonged use of topical decongestant agents such as Afrin and Otrivin?

True

False

17.

1 point

Some effects of systemic glucocorticoid therapy (prednisone) are....

adrenal suppression

thrush

hyperglycemia

stunted growth

18.

1 point

When using a topical decongestant the patient should be informed that use should be limited to how many days?

7 days

1-2 days

3-5 days

no limitation on number of days

19.

1 point

Corticosteroids are known to increase serum glucose levels and may require an adjustment in antidiabetic drugs.

True

False

20.

1 point

What is the benefit of increased fluid intake (3000ml) while taking decongestants?

to help with the excretion of the drug

to liquefy secretions

to dilute the drug and prevent GI upset

to decrease adverse effects

21.

1 point

Administering Aantitussives is recommended in patients with COPD & Asthma

True- Antitussives effectively treat symptoms related to COPD and Asthma

False- Antitussives should not be administered in those with COPD/Asthma, because the cough is a protective function

22.

1 point

What is the approach to treating severe/persistent asthma?

short-acting inhaled beta 2 agonist only (albuterol)

long-acting inhaled beta 2 agonist only (formeterol)

high dose inhaled glucocorticoid, long acting inhaled beta 2, and short acting beta 2 for emergencies, oral glucocorticoid if needed

inhaled glucorticoid and oral glucocorticoid

23.

1 point

Ipatropium bromide (Atrovent) can be used via inhalation or nebulizer as short-term relief for COPD

True

False

24.

1 point

Which of the following are used strictly for short-term relief of COPD?

corticosteroids

anticholinergics

beta 2 agonistics

xanthines

25.

1 point

Decongestants, also referred to as 'sympathomimetics', cause vasoconstriction of swollen nasal membranes and decreased nasal drainage, this the result of the activation of which receptor(s)?

Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor

Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor

Beta 1 adrenergic receptor

Beta 1 & Beta 2 adrenergic receptors

26.

1 point

What are the adverse effects of Expectorants? (Guaifenesin-Robitussin/Mucinex)

Respiratory Distress- mucus drains into the lungs

GI upset- mucus drains into the GI tract

Diarrhea- as a result of mucus drainage

expectorants do not have any adverse effects

27.

1 point

Antihistamines block which receptor(s)?

H1 & H2

only H1

only H3

none of the above

28.

1 point

In a patient with severe COPD (stage 4), which type of treatment would be recommended?

short-acting bronchodilator as needed

short-acting bronchodilator, long-acting bronchodilator, inhale glucocorticoid, and O2 therapy

inhaled glucorticoid and O2 therapy

long-term O2 therapy and short-acting bronchodilator as needed

29.

1 point

When administering combination therapy drugs for a cold, the nurse must be aware of which effect?

there will be an antagonistic effect

therapeutic levels will not be reached

patients may not necessarily need all of the ingredients present with the combination drug

some therapeutic levels may be reached, while other levels may be subtherapeutic

30.

1 point

Expectorants (Mucinex) are usually used in monotherapy

True- they are more efficient when administered alone

False- Expectorants are usually used in combination with Antihistamines and Decongestants

31.

1 point

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is used to treat symptoms caused by the influenza virus in patients who have had symptoms for less than 2 days?

True

False

32.

1 point

Which is the most accurate definition for COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Short-term inflammation of bronchioles

airflow limitation that is not fully reversible and is progressive

long-term inflammation of bronchioles causing airflow limitation

COPD is another term for lung cancer

33.

1 point

If patient is taking both a beta-agonist (albuterol)and a glucocorticoid (Fluticasone), in which order should they be administered?

beta agonist should be administered last

beta agonist should not be administered because it can cause an adverse reaction

beta agonist should be administered first to increase absorption of the glucocorticoid

glucocorticoid should always be administered first

34.

1 point

How do Antitussives work?

(dextromethorphan-Robitussin DM)

depress respiratory function, thus, decreasing the cough

depress the cough center in the medulla

decrease drainage that is causing the cough

activate Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the medulla

35.

1 point

Which Leukotriene modifier has the least side effects?

Montelukast (Singulair)

Zalfirlukast (Accolate)

Zileuton (Zyflo)

36.

1 point

What are the disadvantages of using an oral decongestant (Pseudoephedrine-Sudaphed) versus a topical decongestant (Oxymetazoline- Afrin)?

oral decongestants have systemic effects

oral decongestants have a decreased duration of action

oral decongestants have a delayed response

oral decongestants have an increased rebound effect

37.

1 point

If you target different routes, for example: administration of both oral and inhaled glucocorticoids, this will result in?

an adverse effect

an antagonistic effect

an additive effect

there will be no effect

38.

1 point

Vitamin C and Zinc are very effective in treating the common cold.

True

False

39.

1 point

Which is a common side effect of INHALED glucocorticoids?

adrenal suppression

glaucoma

candidiasis of the mouth

hyperglycemia

40.

1 point

What must be given to patients undergoing long-term systemic glucocorticoid therapy?

increased doses, IV or oral, of glucocorticoids during times of stress

vitamin K to prevent toxicity

beta agonists to prevent glucocorticoid side effects

nothing needs to be given

41.

1 point

What are the precautions for administration of an Oral Decongestant (Pseudoephedrine- Sudaphed)?

Cirrhosis of the liver

Cardiac Disease and/or hypertension

Pregnancy

Asthma

42.

1 point

Glucocorticoid therapy for COPD, is not recommended...

in conjunction with a beta 2 agonist or bronchodilators

as a single therapy

in combination therapy

in patient presents with a cough

43.

1 point

The benefit of inhaled anti-asthmatics is that they are delivered directly to the site of action and do not result in high levels of medication in the blood?

True- you do not want high levels of this medication in the blood due to the increased effects that it can have on the CNS

False- inhaled administration does not effect the levels of medication in the blood

44.

1 point

What is the main adverse effect of 1st generation Antihistamines (ie: Benadryl)

bitter taste

nausea, vomiting

sedation

cough

45.

1 point

Select the two types of Antitussives:

Opiod: Codeine (combination product)

Pseudoephedrine: (Sudephed)

Nonopiod: (Robitussin DM)

Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

46.

1 point

What is the mechanism of action for Mast Cell Stabilizer drugs?
(Cromolyn, Nedrocromil)

blocks H1 receptors

inhibits cough center in the medulla

inhibits chemical mediator secretion

stabilizes receptors in the bronchial walls

47.

1 point

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is effective in treating which of the following viruses?

the common cold

influenza A/B

parasitic infections

rhinovirus

48.

1 point

Antihistamines are best tolerated when taken with meals and should not be taken with other OTC or prescribed cold or cough meds.

True

False

49.

1 point

What are the benefits of 2nd generation Antihistamines (ie: Cetirizine, Loratadine, Fexofenadine)?

they do not cross the blood-brain barrier

they do cross the blood-brain barrier

they have decreased sedative effects

they are more effective at decreasing inflammation

50.

1 point

Tiotropium (Spiriva) an anti-cholinergic drug can only be used via inhalation mainly for quick relief of COPD

True- Tiotropium is indicated as a rescue drug

False- Tiotropium can only be used via inhalation, however, it is for LONG-TERM CONTROL of COPD