Exam 1

Lipid soluble hormones

Humoral hormones

Water soluble hormones

Neural hormones

Long onset

Water-soluble

Rapid onset

Short duration

Long duration

Are secreted at a constant rate

Secretion is controlled by positive feedback mechanisms

They bind to receptors on their target tissues

They help to maintain homeostasis

Function to regulate the rates of many activities in the body

They are chemical signals that are produced in small amounts

By nerve cells in the hypothalamus controlling the pituitary gland

By the particular endocrine gland that is controlling the specific hormone.

By the anterior pituitary and posterior pituitary.

All of the above

Decrease in receptors, sensitivity to insulin

Increase in receptors, sensitivity to insulin

Decrease in receptors, insensitivity to insulin

Increase in receptors, insensitivity to insulin

By the presence of specific receptor molecules on the target cells

By the amount of plasma in the blood

By the use of half-life to determine how long a substance will be available in order for the hormone to recognize it

By the amount of receptors are present on a water-soluble hormone

Lipid-soluble hormones (like steroids)

Water-soluble hormones (like peptides)

Lipid-soluble hormones (like proteins)

Water-soluble hormones (like steroids)

Rate of release of the hormone by the endocrine gland

Rate of inactivation by the liver

Rate of excretion by the kidneys

Rate of water being flown throughout the body

Calmodulin

G proteins

cAMP

Phosphodiesterase

When a substance is available for use.

How long a hormone remains in the blood.

When a substance will be used from the point of secretion

All of the above

Increase in receptors, increase in the sensitivity of the target cell to the hormone.

Decrease in receptors, decrease in the sensitivity of the target cell to the hormone.

Increase in receptors, decrease in the sensitivity of the target cell to the hormone.

Decrease in receptors, increase in the sensitivity of the target cell to the hormone.

Frequency-modulated signals

Amplitude-modulated signals

Positive feedback

Through neurohormones

Cyclic GMP might be produced to act as an intracellular mediator.

Phosphodiesterase is produced to act as an intracellular mediator.

Unphosphorylated receptors might be produced to act as an intracellular mediator.

None of the above

Hormones

None of the above

Blood

Food

A chemical that is released into the blood and acts like a neuron.

An intercellular chemical signal that is produced by neurons but functions like a hormone

An intracellular chemical signal that is produced by neurons but functions like a hormone

A chemical that's released by a neuron and effects an adjacent cell.

Prohibit alpha from attaching to Adenylate cyclase

Making ATP from GTP

Bind to and activate protein kinase

Create Adenylate cyclase

When intercellular molecules inhibit actions of one another.

When a hormone jumps from different hormones to elicit a response.

When a few intracellular mediator molecules activate several enzymes, which activate other enzymes

The amount of time it takes for a dose of substance to be eliminated from the body

The length of time it takes for half a dose of substance to be secreted into the circulatory system

None of these are correct

The length of time it takes for half a dose of substance to be eliminated from the circulatory system

Negative feedback mechanism

The action of a substance other than a hormone in the body

Other hormones

The nervous system

All of the above

A chemical that acts on nearby cells.

chemical that's released by a neuron for the purpose of carrying information across synapses between neurons to activate an adjacent cell.

An intercellular chemical signal that is produced by neurons but functions like a hormone.

A chemical that stimulates the cell that originally secreted it.

fatty acid derivative (lipid-soluble hormones)

proteins (water-soluble hormones)

steroids (lipid-soluble hormones)

amino acid derivative (lipid-soluble hormones)

On the humoral stimuli

On the plasma membrane of their target cells

On the neural stimuli

In the cytoplasm of their target cells

DNA is produced

mRNA synthesis occurs

the protein unbinds from the hormone

RNA is made

Uterine contractions and milk release

Metabolism and tissue maturation

Control of reproductive functions

Water balance

Immune system regulation

Heart rate and blood pressure regulation

Maintain homeostasis

Ion regulation

It is turned into a lipid-soluble molecule

It takes awhile to be excreted from the body

It is rapidly eliminated from the body

It is turned into a water-soluble molecule