NUR 300 Exam 2

1.

1 point

A bruit heard while auscultating the carotid artery of a 65-year-old patient is caused by:

decreased velocity of blood flow through the carotid artery.

rapid blood flow through the carotid artery.

turbulent blood flow through the carotid artery.

increased viscosity of blood.

2.

1 point

The semilunar valves separate the:

atria from the ventricles.

ventricles from the arteries.

right atria from the left atria.

atria from the veins.

3.

1 point

When inspecting the eyeballs of an African American individual, which of the following might the examiner expect to observe?

A slight misalignment of the eyeballs

A slight yellow discoloration of the sclera

Small brown macules on the sclera

A slight amount of drainage around the lacrimal apparatus

4.

1 point

If the tympanic membrane has white dense areas, the examiner suspects:

serous fluid from serous otitis media.

perforation from a ruptured membrane.

scarring from recurrent ear infections.

a fungal infection.

5.

1 point

A water-hammer "Corrigan" pulse is associated with:

hyperkinetic states.

conduction disturbance.

aortic valve regurgitation.

decreased cardiac output.

6.

1 point

Lymphedema is:

a thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.

the indentation left after the examiner depresses the skin over swollen edematous tissue.

the swelling of an extremity caused by an obstructed lymph channel.

an inflammation of the vein associated with thrombus formation.

7.

1 point

The jugular venous pressure is an indirect reflection of the:

heart's efficiency as a pump.

synchronization of mechanical activity.

cardiac cycle.

conduction effectiveness.

8.

1 point

Which of the following cardiac alterations occurs during pregnancy?

An increased stroke volume with decreased cardiac output

An increase in cardiac output and blood pressure

An increase in cardiac volume and a decrease in blood pressure

An increased heart rate and increased blood pressure

9.

1 point

In pulsus paradoxus:

the rhythm is regular, but the force of the pulse varies with alternating beats.

beats have weaker amplitude with respiratory inspiration and stronger amplitude with expiration.

the rhythm is irregular; every other beat is premature.

there is a deficiency of arterial blood to a body part.

10.

1 point

The ability of the heart to contract independently of any signals or stimulation is due to:

conduction.

repolarization.

depolarization.

automaticity.

11.

1 point

Which of the following tests provides a precise quantitative measure of hearing?

audiometer test

romberg test

tuning fork tests

whispered voice

12.

1 point

When assessing for the presence of a herniated nucleus pulposus, the examiner would:

abduct and adduct the patient’s legs while keeping the knee extended.

ask the patient to bend over and touch the floor while keeping the legs straight.

raise each of the patient’s legs straight while keeping the knee extended.

instruct the patient to do a knee bend.

13.

1 point

Which of the following behaviors demonstrated by an individual may be indicative of
hearing loss?

Not looking at the examiner when being questioned

Frequently asking for the question to be repeated

Talking in a high-pitched voice

Speaking slowly with well-articulated consonants

14.

1 point

Which of the following guidelines may be used to identify which heart sound is S1?

S1 coincides with the carotid artery pulse.

S1 is louder than S2 at the base of the heart.

S1 coincides with the Q wave of the QRS electrocardiogram complex.

S1 coincides with the A wave of the jugular venous pulse wave.

15.

1 point

In young children, the thymus gland:

is small and begins to atrophy.

produces T lymphocytes.

produces B lymphocytes.

is not important in immune function.

16.

1 point

Decreased vision in the elderly may be due to which of the following conditions?

Macular degeneration

Retinoblastoma

fixation

presbyopia

17.

1 point

The divisions of the spinal vertebrae include:

Cervical, lumbar, iliac, synovial, and capsular.

Cervical, thoracic, scaphoid, sacral, and clavicular.

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal.

Scapular, clavicular, lumbar, scaphoid, and fasciculi.

18.

1 point

When testing for muscle strength, the examiner should:

apply an opposing force when the individual puts a joint in flexion or extension.

observe muscles for the degree of contraction when the individual lifts a heavy object.

measure the degree of force that it takes to overcome joint flexion or extension.

estimate the degree of flexion and extension in each joint.

19.

1 point

Claudication is caused by:

venous insufficiency.

varicose veins.

arterial insufficiency.

stasis ulcerations.

20.

1 point

The first heart sound is produced by the:

opening of the semilunar valves.

opening of the AV valves.

closure of the semilunar valves.

closure of the AV valves.

21.

1 point

In which of the following ethnic groups has the lowest incidence of osteoporosis?

Whites

Asians

American Indians

African Americans

22.

1 point

Palpable inguinal lymph nodes are:

normal if fixed and tender.

abnormal in adults but common in children and infants.

abnormal and indicate the presence of malignant disease.

normal if small (less than 1 cm), movable, and nontender.

23.

1 point

Heberden and Bouchard nodes are hard and nontender and are associated with:

Dupuytren contracture.

osteoarthritis.

rheumatoid arthritis.

metacarpophalangeal bursitis.

24.

1 point

Which of the following is an expected response on the cover test?

The covered eye moves into a relaxed position.

The covered eye maintains its position when uncovered.

The uncovered eye is unable to maintain its gaze on a fixed object.

The covered eye jumps to reestablish fixation when it is uncovered.

25.

1 point

Which of the following children is at risk of recurrent otitis media?

An 18-month-old infant who lives with a smoker.

A 2-year-old child who has had two ear infections in the past 6 months.

A 6-month-old infant who has a sibling who had tubes inserted at 3 years of age.

An 18-month-old infant who has had three episodes of ear infections in a 5-month period.

26.

1 point

The normal color of the optic disc is:

red

creamy pink

creamy yellow-orange

creamy red to yellow-orange

27.

1 point

Bundles of muscle fibers that compose skeletal muscle are identified as:

fasciculi.

fasciculations.

ligaments.

tendons.

28.

1 point

The external structure of the ear is identified as the:

auricle

atrium

aureole

auriga

29.

1 point

The tympanic membrane of a child with acute otitis media would be:

mobile and would flutter with the Valsalva maneuver.

flat and slightly pulled in at the center.

bulging with a distinct red color.

shiny and translucent, with a pearly gray color.

30.

1 point

One of the leg's deep veins is the:

tibial.

great saphenous.

popliteal.

small saphenous.

31.

1 point

The leaflets of the tricuspid and mitral valves are anchored by __________________ to the _________________, which are embedded in the ventricular floor.

chordae tendineae; papillary muscles

endocardial ligaments; mediastinal muscles

atrioventricular tendons; pericardial bundles

pericardial cords; ventricular sheaths

32.

1 point

The labyrinth of the inner ear is responsible for maintaining the body's:

pressure equalization.

binaural interaction.

equilibrium.

air conduction.

33.

1 point

The knee joint is the articulation of three bones, the:

femur, radius, and olecranon process.

fibula, tibia, and patella.

femur, fibula, and patella.

femur, tibia, and patella.

34.

1 point

Which of the following findings is associated with Horner syndrome?

bilateral miosis

bilateral mydriasis

A unilateral small regular pupil that reacts to light and accommodation

A unilateral dilated pupil with no reaction to light or accommodation

35.

1 point

The production of red blood cells in the bone marrow is called:

hematopoiesis.

hemoptysis.

hemianopsia.

hemolysis.

36.

1 point

The musculoskeletal system functions include:

protection and storage.

propulsion and preservation.

storage and control.

movement and elimination.

37.

1 point

Crepitation is an audible sound that is produced by:

roughened articular surfaces moving over each other.

tendons or ligaments that slip over bones during motion.

flexion and extension of an inflamed bursa.

joints that are stretched when placed in hyperflexion or hyperextension.

38.

1 point

Arteriosclerosis refers to:

thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.

a variation from the heart's normal rhythm.

deposition of fatty plaques along the intima of the arteries.

a sac formed by dilation in the arterial wall.

39.

1 point

Binaural interaction at the level of the brain stem permits:

interpretation of sound.

identification and location of the direction of the sound.

amplification of sound.

direction of sound toward the appropriate conduction pathway.

40.

1 point

When an otoscope examination is performed on an older adult client, the tympanic membrane may be:

pinker than that of a younger adult.

more mobile than that of a younger adult.

whiter than that of a younger adult.

thinner than that of a younger adult.

41.

1 point

The position of the tympanic membrane in the neonate is more ________________, making it more difficult to visualize with the otoscope.

horizontal

vertical

oblique

perpendicular

42.

1 point

When auscultating the heart of a newborn within 24 hours after birth, the examiner hears a continuous sound that mimics the sound of a machine. This finding most likely indicates:

the presence of congenital heart disease.

an expected sound caused by nonclosure of the ductus arteriosus.

pathology only when accompanied by an increased heart rate.

a normal sound because of the thinner chest wall of the newborn.

43.

1 point

Which of the following is an appropriate position to have the patient assume when auscultating for extra heart sounds or murmurs?

Recumbent position

Trendelenburg position

Roll toward the left side

Roll toward the right side

44.

1 point

Which of the following statements is true in regard to the results obtained from use of the Snellen chart?

The smaller the denominator, the poorer the vision.

The larger the denominator, the poorer the vision.

The larger the numerator, the better the vision.

The smaller the numerator, the poorer the vision.

45.

1 point

The patient has severe bilateral lower extremity edema. The most likely cause is:

heart failure.

an infection of the right great toe.

an aortic aneurysm.

Raynaud phenomenon.

46.

1 point

The cervical nodes drain the:

upper arm and breast.

external genitalia.

hand and lower arm.

head and neck.

47.

1 point

The lens of the eye functions as a:

refracting medium

mediator of light

sensory facilitator

controller of intraocular pressure