Chapter 12, 13, 14 Exam

1.

1 point

If the core remaining after a supernova has a mass between 1.5 and 3 solar masses, it collapses to form a

white dwarf

neutron star

red giant

black hole

2.

1 point

______ has the shortest "year" of all the planets.

3.

1 point

The greater the distance to a galaxy, the greater a redshift in its spectral lines. This is known as

Doppler's law

Cepheid's law

Hubble's law

Kepler's law

4.

1 point

A light year is the time it takes light to travel to Earth from the Sun.

True

False

5.

1 point

Which of the following stars probably contains the most mass?

reddish

yellowish

bluish white

impossible to determine

6.

1 point

Earth, other planets, and all the members of the solar system

have always existed

formed thousands of years ago from elements that have always existed

formed millions of years ago when the elements and each body were created at the same time

formed billions of years ago from elements that were created in many previously existing stars

7.

1 point

A meteorite is a ball of fire that burns up before it lands on the Earth's surface.

True

False

8.

1 point

The basic unit of the universe is a

star

solar system

galactic cluster

galaxy

9.

1 point

Stars twinkle and planets do not twinkle because

planets shine by reflected light, and stars produce their own light

all stars are pulsing light sources

stars appear as point sources of light, and planets are disk sources

all of the above are correct

10.

1 point

Venus, the "sister" planet to Earth, has an atmosphere similar in composition to Earth's atmosphere.

True

False

11.

1 point

The basic property of a main sequence star that determines most of its other properties, including its location on the H-R diagram, is

brightness

color

temperature

mass

12.

1 point

The surface temperature of Venus is high because

it is so much closer to the sun

its day is so long that the side facing the sun gets very hot

it has many active volcanoes that heat up the atmosphere

its atmosphere traps much of the incoming solar energy (the Greenhouse effect)

13.

1 point

The eventual fate of our sun is to become a

neutron star

white dwarf

supernova

black hole

14.

1 point

Earth's moon is believed to have originated

from a part of the Earth that broke away early in its formation

from the impact of the Earth with a very large object

when the moon and Earth formed separately (but at the same time)

as the moon formed elsewhere and was later captured by the Earth's gravitational field

15.

1 point

More massive stars have ____ temperatures and a ____ life span.

higher; shorter

higher; longer

lower; shorter

lower; longer

16.

1 point

The universe is ____ at a ____ rate.

expanding; slowing

expanding; increasing

contracting; slowing

contracting; increasing

17.

1 point

The largest planet is

Saturn

Jupiter

Uranus

Neptune

18.

1 point

A star is believed to form when:

a black hole ignites

clouds of hydrogen dust are pulled together by gravity

two galaxies collide

the stars have always existed

19.

1 point

______ is the largest of all the planets

20.

1 point

The giant planets of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are massive giants mostly composed of hydrogen, helium, and methane.

True

False

21.

1 point

In which part of a newborn star does the fusion reaction occur?

the core

the radiation zone

the convection zone

all parts

22.

1 point

Most of the mass of the solar system is found in the

terrestrial planets

comets and ateroids

gas giants

sun

23.

1 point

Our model of the surface features of Venus were obtained by

powerful Earth-based telescopes

cameras on the fly-by Voyager probes

radar mapping from the Magellan probe

the Solar probe which roamed the surface of the planet

24.

1 point

The atmosphere of Venus is predominantly

oxygen

carbon dioxide

nitrogen

water vapor

25.

1 point

Clouds that are found between stars are called nebulae.

True

False

26.

1 point

Which classification scheme is based on the brightness of a star as it appears to you in the night sky?

realistic magnitude

apparent magnitude

absolute magnitude

brilliance magnitude

27.

1 point

The greater the number on the magnitude scale, the brighter the star.

True

False

28.

1 point

______ has always attracted attention because of its unique, bright reddish color.

29.

1 point

A bright blue star on the main sequence is probably

very massive

less massive

between the more massive and the less massive

none of the above is correct

30.

1 point

Which classification scheme is based on the brightness that stars would appear to have if they were all at a defined, standard distance?

realistic magnitude

apparent magnitude

absolute magnitude

brilliance magnitude

31.

1 point

The Milky Way galaxy is

spiral

elliptical

globular

spherical

delicious

32.

1 point

The polar ice caps of Mars are believed to consist mostly of

water ice

frozen ammonia

solid carbon dioxide

frozen methane

33.

1 point

All the elements that are more massive than the element iron were formed in a

nova

white dwarf

supernova

black hole

34.

1 point

The expected life span of a star of approximately one solar mass is

10 million years

1 billion years

10 billion years

100 billion years

forever

35.

1 point

Which of the following is true about the surface of Mars?

There are numerous active volcanoes

It is much too cold for liquid water to exist

The polar ice caps are frozen water

The greenish areas are due to low, scrubby vegetation

all of the above are true

36.

1 point

More massive stars tend to use up their supply of hydrogen less rapidly than less massive stars.

True

False

37.

1 point

______ is known for its system of rings.

38.

1 point

Which of the following stars would have the longer life spans?

the less massive

between the more massive and the less massive

the more massive

All have the same life span

39.

1 point

Which of the following planets would be mostly composed of hydrogen, helium, and methane?

Uranus

Mercury

Mars

Venus

40.

1 point

The belt of asteroids between Mars and Jupiter is probably

the remains of a planet that exploded

clumps of matter that condensed from the accretion disk but never got together as a planet

the remains of two planets that collided

the remains of a planet that collided with an asteroids of comet

41.

1 point

The sun has sufficient hydrogen in its core to continue shining:

about 10 million years

about 10 billion years

about 5 billion years

forever

42.

1 point

______ is the brilliant evening and morning "star" that appears near sunrise or sunset.

43.

1 point

Dark energy calculations and the age of cooling white dwarfs indicate that the universe is about how old?

6,000 years

4.5 billion years

13.7 billion years

100,000 billion years

44.

1 point

Stars twinkle but planets do not twinkle.

True

False

45.

1 point

Compared to a star like the sun, a blue-white star

is more massive

has a higher surface temperature

burns fuel at a greater rate

all of these

46.

1 point

A small body that falls on the surface of the Earth is a

meteroid

meteor

meteor shower

meteorite

47.

1 point

Most of the stars plotted on the H-R diagram are

red giant stars

white dwarf stars

Cepheid variables

main sequence stars

48.

1 point

Whether the universe will continue to expand or will collapse back into another big bang seems to depend on what property of the universe?

the density of matter in the universe

the age of galaxies compared to the age of their stars

the availability of gases and dust between the galaxies

the number of black holes

49.

1 point

Polaris, the Pole Star, is on the end of the handle of the Big Dipper.

True

False

50.

1 point

Remnants of asteroids or comets that survive the trip through the Earth's atmosphere are called

meteorites

meteors

meteoroids

shooting stars