Geography Final 1

1.

1 point

What is the name of Canada`s federal endangered species legislation?

Protection of Red Listed Species Act

Species at Risk Act

Endangered Wildlife Protection Act

Convention on Biodiversity

Endangered Species Act

2.

1 point

The New Guinea Highlands civilization was essentially a stone age culture until about:

50 years ago

100 years ago

200 years ago

500 years ago

3.

1 point

The possible effect of Ekati mine on local watersheds were a not a significant concern during the development and implementation phases.

because local interest groups were bought off by mining interest

because regulators did not know the devastating impacts of diamond mining

because diamonds are extracted by mechanical rather than chemical methods and kimberlite is not a toxic ore body

because aboriginal people were more interested in the economic benefits than environmental concerns

because mining industry regulations had not been developed in the north at that time

4.

1 point

Why is Canada such a large user of fossil fuel?

it is large country with long travel distances

there is a high stand of living

there is an energy-intensive industrial base

it is second coldest nation

all of the above

5.

1 point

The figure bellow demonstrates that:

Quiz 2 Question 42

There is good correlations between incident radiation and troposphere temperatures

There is good correlations between air transparency and troposphere temperatures

it is possible to model climate change with no reference to CO2

CO2 plays no role in climate change

a,b and c

6.

1 point

The Athabasca Oil Sands are the _______ reserve of petroleum in the world today.

second largest

fifth largest

third largest

fourth largest

largest

7.

1 point

Fuel emission (nitrogren oxides [NOX], sulfurt oxides [SOX], and particulate matter [PM]) from a coal fired power plant can be reduced to the same levels as a natural gas power plant.

True

False

8.

1 point

The BHP mine Ekati is located NW Onatrio.

True

False

9.

1 point

The per molecule green house warming effect of atmospheric CO2 declines exponentially as CO2 concentration increases

True

False

10.

1 point

Which of the following is not a non-renewable fuel resource?

solar

coal

nuclear

oil

natural has

11.

1 point

"Superstacks" are designed to confine industrial emissions to a smaller footprint to than conventional smoke stacks.

True

False

12.

1 point

Increasing atmospheric CO2 is causing the ocean to become acidic.

True

False

13.

1 point

Match the value with the statement:

Actual increase in global temperature since 1880

0.15 C

0.71 C

1.46 C

0.24 C

3.33 C

14.

1 point

The name for the development process that increases land values and taxes to the point that most residents can no longer afford to live in the area is called:

progress

real development

community development

subsidization

gentrification

15.

1 point

The "hockey stick" graph process that global temperature remained approximately constant until the industrial revolution began (1880) and CO2 levels began to accumulate

True

False

16.

1 point

All of the following are true except except: The tropopause

marks the beginning of a warming trend with increasing altitude

marks the altitude that contains 75% of the atmosphere

marks the beginning of the stratosphere and the end of the troposphere

marks the end of the most water vapor in the the atmosphere

marks the highest altitude that commercial aircraft can attain

17.

1 point

Uranium mines have to be monitored and mitigated for??? years post-closure?

forever

200

50

25

100

18.

1 point

Most of the accumulated heat from the last 180 years of climate warming resides in:

the surface layers of the oceans

the planet as a whole

the atmosphere

retention of heat has not occurred due to the first law of thermodynamics

arctic and subarctic regions

19.

1 point

According to Diamond, there is always a single critical factor that causes civilizations to collapse rather than the cumulative effects of several acting simultaneously.

True

False

20.

1 point

Ontario gets most of its electrical power from:

coal

nuclear

biomass, wind and solar

natural gas

water

21.

1 point

The solar radiation is mostly in the visible spectra while the earth radiation is mostly in the infrared spectra because of:

Weins Law

the First law of thermodynamics

Green house gases are transparent to visible radiation, but absorb infrared radiation

the Second law of thermodynamics

Anthropogenic Global Warming

22.

1 point

Coral reefs are about _% of the world`s total continential shelf area.

5%

10%

25%

35%

none of the above

23.

1 point

The Stock Farm is an example of:

deforestation effects

over-capitlaization

unsustainable grazing practices

under-developement

none of the above

24.

1 point

Which of the following factors are ultimate or proximate causes of collapse in Montana?

Environmental Damage including Climate Change

Societies response to environmental problems

Hostile Neighbors

Friendly Trade Partners

None of the aboove

25.

1 point

Current climate models do not predict any long-term change in global temperature from natural (non-anthropgenic) forcings

True

False

26.

1 point

Historically the lag between the climate temperature maximum and atmospheric CO2 maximum has been about

50 years

800 years

200 years

100 years

no lag time...maximum levels occurred at about the same time

27.

1 point

The Kyoto Accord and green energy alternative have had no discernible effect on atmospheric CO2 accumulation

True

False

28.

1 point

The four factors that explain the global inequity in cargo and power include all except:

climate

germs

guns

geography

steel

29.

1 point

Most sources agree that Peak Oil in the world occurred in ____.

project for ~2030

projected to occur about now

1998

projected for 2017

1970

30.

1 point

Weather occurs in the

troposphere

Stratosphere

mesosphere

exosphere

all layers of the atmosphere

31.

1 point

Match the value with the statement:

Mean decadal increase in global temperate due to AGW for the last 50 years

1.46 C

0.71 C

0.15 C

3.33 C

0.24 C

32.

1 point

J. Diamond`s Five Point Framework includes all the below except:

Kleptocratic Depletion

Hostile Neighbors

Societies Response to Environmental Problems

Friendly Trade Partners

Climate Change

33.

1 point

The Ekati mine produces ____ a day.

100, 000 karats

1000 karats

15, 000 karats

150, 000 karats

34.

1 point

The bloom of heat in the troposphere at tropical latitudes that is predicted by all GCMs

was not to exist by satellite thermal observation by Lindzen

was demonstrated to have existed since at least 1970 by Hanson

is a minor aspect of the GCMs that has no relevance to testing these models against nature

moves north and south as part of atmospheric heat exchange with arctic latitudes

is central mechanism for climate warming from increased C)2 levels

35.

1 point

Why are CO2 levels forecast to decline after 2100 ? (figure in Quiz 3 Q19)

Limestone precipitation will reduce CO2 levels

Peak Oil

Reduced human population numbers

replacement of fossil fuel energy sources

a and b

36.

1 point

All general circulation models (GCMs predict temperature increase of ~4.7 degrees C by 2100 under the "business as usual" CO2 emissions scenario

True

False

37.

1 point

Scientific studies and history have shown that:

Europeans coexisted with and are related to Neanderlands

Cool temperate climates produce people and cultures that are more robust and vigorous than warm, tropical climates

Eurasians were able to dominate other cultures because they were spiritually better developed than more primitive cultures

the largest Imperial Empire was the British Empire

a and d

38.

1 point

_____ is the root case of ''acid mine drainage''.

the separation of ore mineral from other minerals

The drilling of test wells in areas with high mercury content in the soil

the burning of fossil fuels at mines

the production of hydroelectric energy near old mine sites

ocean acidification

39.

1 point

The IPCC projects that maximum (2100) decrease in ph in the world`s oceans will be

~0.1

~3

~1.2

~2

~0.4

40.

1 point

Nuclear power in Canada is______ of the total

< 5%

5-7%

12-15%

> 30%

20-25%

41.

1 point

Current (contemporary) atmospheric CO2 levels are unprecedented in since cellular life began 1.5 million years ago.

True

False

42.

1 point

According to Diamond 11,000 BC is important because?

All humans were basically hunter-gatherers at the point

We were all at the same basic stage of development

We were basically equal

New World mega-faunal extinction

all of the above

43.

1 point

Minerals produced in Canada ______.

are viewed as federal revenue

regerate 60 per cent of the country`s gross domestic product

are predominantly exported

are mainly used in Canada

All of the above

44.

1 point

Atmospheric carbon dioxide

is decreased in concentration by deforestation

is more effective at scattering long wave radiation form the earth than it is at absorbing it

is primarily the result of anthropogenic

reduces rate of photosynthesis in terrestrial and marine plants

will, all else equal, lead to a lowering of stratosphere temperature if increased

45.

1 point

Match the value with the statement:

IPCC GCM predicated increase in global temperature since 1880

0.24 C

3.33 C

0.71 C

0.15 C

1.46 C

46.

1 point

When atmospheric CO2 is absorbed into the oceans it is present as:

dissolved CO2

HCO3

CO3

CaCO3

All of the above

47.

1 point

Match the value with the statement:

CO2 effect only (no forcings) on global temperature since 1880

1.46 C

0.24 C

0.71 C

0.15 C

3.33 C

48.

1 point

The main environmental issue/issues for the mining and energy sectors is/are _____.

heavy metal toxicity

acid mine drainage

sulphur dioxide emissions

none of the above

all of the above

49.

1 point

The strongest greenhouse gas

nitrous oxide

carbon dioxide

chlorofluorocarbons

water vapor

methane

50.

1 point

Diamond identifies four decision points that a civilization must consider when approaching a collapse. These include all except:

Whether or not society can recognize a problem when it arrives?

Whether or not society anticipates (can for see) a problem?

Will civilization actually try to solve the problem (conflicting interests, disenfranchised stakeholders?

Is a solution ecologically, technologically, or economically possible?

Whether or not a society`s information is rational and sound?