Bio44 Review

1.

1 point

The structure of a Pterosaur's wing is an example of

a pentadactayl limb

a polyphyletic grouping

a shared derived character

a selectively disadvantageous design

2.

1 point

Phyla within the Radiata are

diploblastic

triproblastic

ablastic

any of the above

3.

1 point

Willoughby's famous book 'Ornithology' demonstrated

birds could be classified by similarity of life style, suggesting relationships

birds must have evolved

there were too many species of birds to fit on Noah's Ark

birds were an unsuitable group to use in the study of evolution

4.

1 point

Stromatolites are

an extinct group of animals

structures found in the skeletons of early vertebrates

cyanobacterial colonies dominant in the Precambrian

a dominant group in the Mesozoic era

5.

1 point

Examples of homologous structure incoude

fin of a whale and wing of a bat

wing of a bird and wing of a butterfly

protective coloration in the salamanders and fish

none of the above

6.

1 point

A major characteristic of cyanobacteria is that they are

photosynthetic

parasitic

decomposers

all of the aboce

7.

1 point

This trilobite is characteristic of

The Mesozoic Era

the Palaeozoic Era

the Precambrian Era

the Cenozoic Era

8.

1 point

Alfred Russel Wallace

argued against Charles Darwin's theory of Natural Selection

integrated the theory of genetics into Darwin's theory

independently conceived that the theory of Natural Selection

calculated that the size of Noah's Ark was too small to contain all of the known species of animals

9.

1 point

Higher infant mortality of low and high-weight human babies, compared to average weight babies, is an example of

directional selection

stabilizing selection

disruptive selection

all of the above

10.

1 point

The 'founder effect' describes a mechanism that

was rejected by Darwin-and Wallace in their theory

can increase mutation rate

can increase speciation rate

can increase polyploidy

11.

1 point

the definition of evolutionary fitness is

probability of not surving to pass genes to the next generation

ability to efficiently covert food into body mass

ability to use energy more efficiently

probability of passing genes to the next generation

12.

1 point

Protists can be

photosynthetic

predatory

parasitic

all of the above

13.

1 point

Allopatric speciation involves

speciation without reproductive isolation

polyploidy

reproductive isolation by physical seperation

reproductive isolation by behavioral seperation

14.

1 point

Gymnosperms include

Conifers

Ginko

Cycads

all of the above

15.

1 point

The Miller-Urey experiment used at least some of the following gases

nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen

nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen and ammonia

nitrogen, ammonia, oxygen

nitrogen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and ammonia

16.

1 point

Which of the following is an example of excess fecundity

a female trout laying 100,000 eggs in a single season

a female hippopotamus producing 5 young in her lifetime

a female frog losing 99% of her tadpoles to drought

all of the above

17.

1 point

The term 'prokaryote' refers to

plants

organism with bacteria eg excluding archea and bacteria

organisms without a nucleus eg archea and bacteria

is unrelated to the posession of a cell nucleus

18.

1 point

the approximate age of the earth as determined by scientific method is

1 billion years

4.5 billion years

3.5 billion years

13 billion years

19.

1 point

Angiosperms are characterized by

flowers

fully enclosed seeds

fruits

all of the above

20.

1 point

The effect of natural selection on the mutation rate is

a decrease in mutation rate

an increase in mutation rate

a change in the direction of mutations

no change in mutation rate

21.

1 point

The presence of hair can be conscidered a shared derived characer in

mice and rats versus lizards

mice and rats versus squirrles

mice and rats versus whales

none of the above

22.

1 point

A plant (member of the Plantae) is

a multicellular eukaryote with plastids

a multicellular prokaryote without plastids

a multicellular eukaryote without plastids

none of the above

23.

1 point

Relative to ferns, what key evolutionary innovation defines the gymnosperms(conifers)

vascular tissues

chloroplasts

pollen

none of the above

24.

1 point

When we are looking at a fern frond ('leaf') we are seeking

the sporophyte (2n) generation

the sporophyte (n) generation

the gametophyte (2n) generation

the gametophyte (n) generation

25.

1 point

Formation is rNA is believed to be an important step in the prebiotic evolution of life because

it is easier to synthesize than DNA

it has the ability to store information

it has enzymatic properties

all of the above

26.

1 point

Evolutionary theory would be overturned/disproved by the discovery of

discovery of a fossil mammal in the cretaceous period

discovery of a fossil vertebrate in the Cambrian period

discovery of a fossil human in the Jurassic period

discovery of a fossil fish in the Ordovien period

27.

1 point

The most severe mass extinction event in the history of the Earth took place

at the end of the Cretaceous period

at the end of the Permian period

at the end of the Precambrian Era

at the end of the Mesozoic era

28.

1 point

defining characteristics of animals include

multicellularity

lack of cell walls

heterotrophic metablolsm

all of the above

29.

1 point

which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

infinite population size

no mutation

random mating

strong natural selection

30.

1 point

The last universal common ancestor(LUCA) was

an organism from which all living species are descended

none of the above

an organism living in the Cambrian period

an early vertebrate from the Paleozoic era

31.

1 point

Based on the hierarchal nature of Linnean taxonomy

two species witin the same family are more closely related than two species within the same genus

two species within the same Order are more closely related than two species within the same family

two species within the same Class are more closely related than two species within the same order

two species within the same genus are more closely related than two species within the same family

32.

1 point

Mosses never grow very tall because

they are evolutionarily unsuccessful

they lack the ability to photosynthesize efficiently

they lack the ability to produce seeds

they lack vascular tissue

33.

1 point

Cuvier's anatomical study of mammoths showed

mammoth skeletons were indistinguishable from modern elephants

mammoths were unrelated to modern elephants

mammoth fossils were at least 10,000 years old

extinction was a reality

34.

1 point

a working definition of a species might be

any organisms with a DNA sequence different from other organisms

a population reproductively isolated in nature from all similar populations

a population of organisms distinctivley different in apperance from any other population

all of the above

35.

1 point

Endosymbisis is the process by which

prey species are absorbed and digested

one species comes to live within the cytoplasm of another species

a species produces reproductive spores

none of the above

36.

1 point

The age of the beginning of the Cambrian period is approximately

65 million years before the present

295 million years before the present

542 million years before the present

650 million years before the present

37.

1 point

Gastrulation is a process by which

the gastric organs are formed

the ectodermic tissues are formed

the blastula invaginates

none of the above

38.

1 point

an individual will achieve evolutionary success if

it is faster than its predators

it survives to old age

if it grows to larger size

if it passes on more genes to the next generation

39.

1 point

A flagellum is

a bacterial organelle anchored internal to the cell wall of some bacteria

an organelle found in all bacteria

not found in the Bacteria supergroup

a bacterial organelle anchored to the cell wall of some bacteria

40.

1 point

'Gram positive' is a term that refers to the bacterial characteristic of

absorbing the Gram stain

pathogenicity

large mass

being non-infectious

41.

1 point

Panspermia is a theory of the origin of life on Earth that postulates

none of the above

organisms seeding the earth from outer space

divine intervention

abiotic evolution on or near deep sea hot vents

42.

1 point

Animal phyla are grouped into Parazoa and Eumetazoa which refers to

body symmetry

presence or absence of specialized tissues

presence or absence of segmentation

none of the above

43.

1 point

Charles Darwin's great book of 1859 was titled

Natural Selection

On the Origin of the Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life

Evolution

The Evolution of Species

44.

1 point

The prebiotic("primordial") soup was:

the assemblage of a unicellular organism in the Earth's early oceans

the collection of organice molecules in the cytoplasm of the first cells

the accumulation of rNA and DNA molecules in the Earth's early oceans

the accumulation of organic molecules in the Earth's early oceans

45.

1 point

anagenisis describes a process of

multiplication (branching) of species

change through time without branching (speciation)

convergent evolution

degeneration of useless structures like eyes in cave fish

46.

1 point

The Phylum Excavata (within the Protists) is named by refrence to

their parasitic nature

their photosynthetic abilities

their feeding groove

their underground habitat

47.

1 point

The distribution of Rendieer in Scandinavia and Caribou in Alaska illustrates

a single species with a circumpolar range

sympatric speciation

effects of differential climate change at sub-artcic attitudes

evolution of chronospecies

48.

1 point

Natural selection is a process which

increases the reproductive success of a population

occurs primarily in mammals

increases or reduces the reproductive success of a subset of the population

reduces the reproductive success of a population

49.

1 point

Large scale glaciations which have affected the course of evolution on Earth are believed to have resulted from

continental drift

decreasing solar intensity over time

low oxygen concentrations in the PRecambrian

changes in carbon stable isotope rations

50.

1 point

Vascular cambium, responsible for wood growth, is located

through the trunk

in the center of the trunk

between the bark and the inner wood

in the roots