Early Childhood

Securely attached infants and toddlers had better emotion regulation in early childhood than anxiously attached toddlers.

One significant issue is the relationship that the parents maintain during and after the divorce.

Young children are at a higher risk of being rejected by their peers if they are aggressive and comparatively more active, demonstrate a difficult temperament, are easily distracted, and demonstrate lower perseverance.

The brain continues to be shaped by experience throughout early childhood and beyond. By age 5, the child’s brain is 90% of its adult size.

Children learn about themselves when they talk about their anxieties and fears and can also identify feelings expressed by others .

This style uses low warmth and high control. These parents favor punishment and negative reinforcement, and children are treated as submissive. Children under this style are found to become hostile and moody and have difficulty managing stress.

Parents’ identities are often closely tied to relationships they maintain, especially with their children, and that homelessness undermines their ability to protect those they have a responsibility to protect.

Children form friendships with other children of the same age and gender.

Using physical force against another person is

Families with children make up one third of the homeless population.

Anxiously attached infants and toddlers were more dependent on their mothers, but performed more poorly on teaching tasks at age 3 ½ than either securely or avoidant attached toddlers.

Parenting styles are prescribed in part by the community and the culture.

At the beginning of the initiative V. guilt stage, children’s focus is on family relationships, learn what roles are appropriate for various family members, and they learn to accept parental limits. They also develop gender identity through identification with the parent of the same sex.

Low warmth, low control, high autonomy granting is neglectful 2.

_______ the ability to understand another person’s emotional condition.

An attack meant to hurt another individual

Parents are aloof, withdrawn, and unresponsive.

A way of thinking about two or more experiences without using abstract logic is:

Following divorce, about two-thirds of children live with their mother.

Poverty is often associated with other risk factors such as overwhelmed parents, living in a violent setting or in deteriorated housing, and instability of frequent changes in residence and schools and the effects of poverty on children in early childhood appear to be long lasting.

Occurs while fighting over toys and space

Low warmth, high control, low autonomy granting is authoritative

Low warmth, high control, high autonomy granting is cold.

High warmth, high control, low autonomy granting is protective.

Preconceptual stage is one of two substages within the preoperational stage, and takes place between ages 2 and 3.

_________ the ability to see a situation from another person’s point of view.

Children fit into the second stage of cognitive development - the preoperational stage.

Divorce leads to higher levels of adjustment and mental health problems for children.

By the end of the early childhood years, children learn better negotiation skills and become better at asking for what they want and using words to express feelings.

__________ is the belief about what constitutes a fair distribution of goods and resources in a society.

Children between the ages of 3 and 5 can recognize and label simple emotions.

High warmth, low control, high autonomy granting is permissive.

Securely attached infants and toddlers rated higher on curiosity, agency, activity, self-esteem, and positive emotions at age 4 ½ than either anxiously or avoidant attached toddlers.

The stage of emotional development that takes place during the early childhood years (ages 3 to 6) is:

High warmth, high control, high autonomy granting is authoritarian parenting.

The intuitive stage is one of two substages within the preoperational stage and takes place between ages 4 and 7.

Children are more vulnerable than older children to the emotional and psychological consequences of separation and divorce.

Behaviors that damage relationships without physical force is:

Accepts children's behavior without attempting to modify it. Children are cheerful but demonstrate little if any impulse control. Overly dependent and have low levels of self-reliance.

Parents consider the child's view points but remain in control, to be the most desirable approach to discipline and behavior management. Found to be associated with academic achievement, self-esteem, and social competence.

When children perceive reality only from their own experience and believe themselves to be at the center of existence this is:

Postdivorce family interaction has a great influence on children’s adjustment after divorce.

Children are aware of their growing competence and begin to develop self concept.

From ages 3 to 6, physical growth slows significantly.

Children who pass successfully through the initiative V. guilt stage learn to get satisfaction from completing tasks and they develop imagination and fantasies, and learn to handle guilt about their fantasies.

_____ parents are warm and set limits when they feel they are called for, and overlook some child behaviors in the interests of facilitating child autonomy and family harmony.

Children who become stuck in the initiative V. guilt stage are:

This growing capacity to understand the self in relation to others leads to self-evaluation, or self-esteem.

Great variation exists in the height and weight of young children, and racial and ethnic differences in height and weight are still evident in the early childhood years.

High warmth, low control, low autonomy granting is affiliative.