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1.
1 point
In humans, radiation induced cancers may take 8 or more ______ to develop.
2.
1 point
Atomic bomb survivors exposed to radiation doses of about 1 Gy (100 rad) or more showed a significant increase in the incidence of:
3.
1 point
Evidence of human radiation cataractogenesis comes from observation of small groups of people who accidentally received substantial doses of radiation to the eyes.
4.
1 point
Late non-stochastic effects include:
5.
1 point
Epidemiological studies of approximately 100,000 Japanese survivors of the atomic attacks at Hiroshima and Nagasaki indicates that ionizing radiation causes:
6.
1 point
Epidemiological data about the survivors of the Hiroshima atomic bomb also indicates that a _________ relationship exists between radiation dose and radiation induced leukemia.
7.
1 point
Between 1925 and 1945, __________ was used as a contrast agent for diagnostic angiography.
8.
1 point
Mutations in genetic material occur:
9.
1 point
Researchers have established that ______________ radiation and neutrons each provided about 50% of the radiation dose inflicted on the population of Hiroshima.
10.
1 point
What was the percentage of uranium miners in the 50s and 60s that eventually succumbed to lung cancer?
11.
1 point
Conclusive proof exists that low level ionizing radiation dose below 0.1 Sv can cause a significant increase in risk of malignancy.
12.
1 point
The science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population is called:
13.
1 point
Uranium miners in Arizona and New Mexico in the 1950s and 1960s received an approximate equivalent dose of:
14.
1 point
After the Chernobyl disaster, what was the most pronounced health effect?
15.
1 point
When does organogenesis occur?
16.
1 point
Doubling dose is the radiation dose that causes the number of spontaneous mutations occurring in a given generation to increase to two times their original number.
17.
1 point
Which is not a stage of gestation in humans?
18.
1 point
Leukemia, breast cancer, and heritable damage are presumed to follow which of the following curves?
19.
1 point
Radiation induced damage at the cellular level may lead to measurable somatic and genetic damage as a whole later in life. These effects are called:
20.
1 point
The equation that best fits data that depends on dose and dose squared is:
21.
1 point
The sigmoid, or "S" curve:
22.
1 point
Estimates indicate that inhabitants of Rongelap Atoll received a mean dose of radiation to the thyroid gland of _________ rad.
23.
1 point
Point mutations are:
24.
1 point
The incidence of breast cancer in women, __________ with radiation dose.
25.
1 point
A non-threshold relationship means that any radiation dose:
26.
1 point
During the period of 1950 to ______, 117 new cases of leukemia were reported in Japanese atomic bomb survivors.
27.
1 point
How many amino acids combine to form the hemoglobin molecule?
28.
1 point
What increase in percentage of leukemia has been found in children and adults in the Gomel region since the Chernobyl disaster?
29.
1 point
Three major types of late somatic effects include:
30.
1 point
During the 10 days following the event, what carried the radioactive plume from the Chernobyl accident in several directions, sending fallout to more than 20 countries?
31.
1 point
Laboratory experiments with mice show that cataracts may be induced with doses as little as 0.1 Gy (10 rad).
32.
1 point
Even in later trimesters, congenital abnormalities and functional disorders, such as sterility, may be caused by radiation exposure.
33.
1 point
Uranium-238 has a half-life of:
34.
1 point
What are the effects that appear months or years after exposure?
35.
1 point
In the 1940s and 1950s, the therapeutic dose for children with enlarged thymuses was:
36.
1 point
Cellular damage is repaired by:
37.
1 point
Radon has a half-life of:
38.
1 point
The ________ predicts that the number of excess cancers will increase as the natural incidence of cancer increases with advancing age.
39.
1 point
What is the term for biologic effects of ionizing radiation on future generations?
40.
1 point
Which of the following is the most important late somatic effect?
41.
1 point
All life forms seem to be most vulnerable to radiation at the embryonic stage of development.
42.
1 point
What is the shape of the graph of the radiation dose-response relationship?
43.
1 point
The belief that radiation exposure accelerates all causes of death when comparing a control group of lab animals to a group of exposed lab animals who died sooner.
44.
1 point
What type of cancer also occurred in the children of the Marshall Islanders who were inadvertently exposed to high levels of fallout during an atomic bomb test?
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