Science Study Guide,Ch.9

True or False. Rocks can change from one kind to another or they can stay the same for millions of years.

You have a mineral sample that is gold colored. It is often called "fools gold" because it looks like gold. Which one would it be?

Minerals are to _____________as Cells are to living organisms.

True or False. Mechanical and Chemical Weathering both contribute to the formation of soil.

Think of a picture that has four layers. A, B, C, and D. Which layer would have the greatest decayed material in it?


Hint: A is on the surface, then B, C, and layer D is the deepest on Earth.

This type of mineral is clear, white in color, glassy in luster, and fractures along curved surfaces?

I am nearly solid rock that lies under the surface. Parts of me break away because water seeps into the cracks and slowly weathers it into smaller pieces.

There are ___________layer(s) of soil.

Hint: Our Poster has them on it.

Large sections of Earth's crust called ___________are constantly moving into, away from, and past each other.

Sometimes in an earthquake plates spread apart from one another.

What is the result?

True or False. Field Erosion caused by wind can be a serious problem on farms.

True or False. The Rock Cycle is a one-way chain of events.

I am the second layer of soil. I contain many minerals, but less decayed material.

During an earthquake two plates push together. One pushes up above the other. What result would you see?

The _____________is the thinnest layer on Earth.

How are harbors and inlets generally formed?

____________________ is the movement of materials away from one place to another.

How do farmers work to prevent wind erosion?

____________erosion is caused by wind blowing dust, soil, or sand from one place to another. In this process tiny bits of rock might break off. These bits immediately are blown away.

___________is the color of a mineral in its powdered form.

______________is the placing of materials in a new place.

On page 274 you will find this answer. Soil is made up of air, water, organic matter, and mineral matter. What percent is organic matter?

This property is used to identify a mineral. The Mohs scale is used for this property. On a scale of 1-10. Talc has a __________ of 1. Diamonds have a _________of 10, which means that it is one of the __________known minerals on Earth.

Use the same word each time in the paragraph.

Ice, plant roots, wind, gravity, and temperature changes are causes of ______________

Hint: Group 3

Which of these is a constructive process of nature?

Hint: This type of process builds islands.

Which makes two plates jerk into new positions?

In which group would scientists classify rocks that form when melted rock cools and hardens?

I am the top layer of soil. I have a large amount of decayed material from plants, animals, bacteria, and other organisms.

How can bedrock provide minerals to the soil?

Why does granite have large crystals?

Imagine four layers of rock. Level 1 is on top, then level 2, level 3, and lastly deep inside the earth is level 4.


In which layer would the oldest fossils most likely be found?