PC512 MC 25-35

1.

1 point

Saxagliptin is classified as a:

meglitinide

dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor

sulfonylurea

α-glucosidase inhibitor

2.

1 point

Saxagliptin

competitively inhibits GLP-1

noncompetitively inhibits GLP-1

competitively inhibits DPP-4

noncompetitively inhibits DPP-4

3.

1 point

Which of the following statements regarding Saxagliptin is true?

Saxagliptin causes a high rate of hypoglycemia

Saxagliptin reduces the risk of cardiovascular events including MI, stroke, and CV death, in patients with type II diabetes

Saxagliptin reduces A1C 1-2%

Saxagliptin is weight neutral

4.

1 point

of the following do not require dosing changes EXCEPT:

Increased age

Liver disease

Renal failure

Obesity

5.

1 point

What type of drug is adalimumab?

alpha-4 integrin inhibitor

interferon beta

tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor

interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

6.

1 point

Adalimumab has black box warnings for which of the following?

Hepatotoxicity and ototoxicity

Serious infections and malignancies

QT prolongation and thrombocytopenia

Agranulocytosis and increased risk of pulmonary embolism

7.

1 point

Which of the following is not an indication for the use of adalimumab?

Rheumatoid arthritis

Osteopenia

Crohn's Disease

Plaque psoriasis

8.

1 point

Innate immunity does NOT involve

Mast cells

Neutrophils

Macrophages

B cells

9.

1 point

Most chemotherapy agents for breast cancer have been known for their side effects such as hair loss and major toxicities in other tissues. Targeted therapies such as ____________ have enabled us minimize chemotherapy toxicities and bind to specific epitopes on breast cancer cells

Etoposide

Trastuzumab emtansine

Ezetimbe

Doxycycline

10.

1 point

Due to the molecular weight and nature of trastuzumab emtansine, the best route for administration for the drug
would be:

Transdermal

Intravenous

Oral

Rectal

11.

1 point

A new breast cancers drug has been approved by the FDA, Okwembamumab ozongamycin (O-Z1). Compared to
trastuzumab emtansine(TDM-1) the following can be predicted about the new drug:

The new drug will be more effective than T-DM1

The new drug will be given orally

The new drug will be less toxic as compared to TDM-1

Antibodies produced against O-Z1 will be at higher rate than TDM-1

12.

1 point

The decision to use TDM-1 in patients with metastatic breast cancer is based on the fact that:

All breast cancers respond positively to the drug

It can be used in patients allergic to etoposide

Presences of amplified numbers of HER-2 epitopes

The relatively affordable cost for the drug

13.

1 point

When is it contraindicated for a patient to receive rivaroxaban?
I. Mild to moderate renal impairment (CrCl >30 mL/min)
II. Severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min)
III. Moderate to severe hepatic impairment

I and II

II and III

III only

I, II, and III

14.

1 point

Which of the following is caused by a blood clot?

Deep vein thrombosis

Stroke

Atrial fibrillation

A and B

A, B, and C

15.

1 point

Which of the following is a FDA approved indication of rivaroxaban?
I. Treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE)
II. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
III. DVT prophylaxis after hip or knee replacement surgery
IV. Treatment of stroke or systemic embolism

I and II

I only

II and III

I, II, and III

I, II, III and IV

16.

1 point

Which of the following is true?

Rivaroxaban has a longer half-life than apixaban.

There is an antidote available to reverse the effects of rivaroxaban.

Dietary restrictions are not required for patients on rivaroxaban.

Rivaroxaban is an oral indirect factor Xa inhibitor.

17.

1 point

What is a potential benefit that tolvaptan has over conivaptan?"

It Is available in IV form while conivaptan is only available in oral form.

It has a shorter half-life so steady state can be achieved faster

It potentially has fewer side effects because it is more selective to the kidneys

It is cheaper with a cost of only $573 a day

18.

1 point

Why is tolvaptan described as having an “aquaretic effect?”

It excretes electrolyte-free water

It can retain its efficacy over long periods of time

It prevents possible progression of serious diseases

It does not stimulate neurohormonal activation or cause renal toxicity

19.

1 point

Where on the the following pathway does tolvaptan act/bind to produce its "aquaretic effect"?

(A) V2-receptor (GCPR) → (B) cAMP → (C) intracellular vesicles → (D )AQP2 channels on the apical membrane

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

20.

1 point

Which mechanism of tolvaptan has a longer duration of effect?

Excretion

Sodium reabsorption

CYP inhibition

Both a and b have equal duration

21.

1 point

Hyponatremia is more likely in patients with:

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

Hypertension

Chronic kidney disease

Liver failure

22.

1 point

Celecoxib has greater affinity for the COX-2 enzyme versus the COX-1 enzyme because:

Celecoxib is larger than nonselective COX inhibitors, and has difficulty fitting in the COX-1 binding site

Celecoxib is eliminated from the body within 4 hours of administration

Similar to COX-1, COX-2 is located in the GI tract

All of the above

23.

1 point

Celecoxib is effective in reducing pain because:

Celecoxib selectively binds to pain receptors and prevents nerve conduction caused by pain

Celecoxib prevents production of cytokines which normally cause pain, inflammation, and vasodilation

Both A and B

Neither A or B

24.

1 point

Celecoxib is used to reduce inflammatory pain. Which of the following is true?

Celecoxib is a disease-modifying agent in rheumatoid arthritis.

Celecoxib is used for symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis and gout.

Celecoxib is the drug of choice in patients with low risk of GI complications.

All of the above.

25.

1 point

Celecoxib carries a black box warning for which of the following?

Liver toxicity

Increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events

Renal damage

A and B

B and C

26.

1 point

Which of the following actions of aripiprazole (Abilify) is most likely responsible for observed orthostatic
hypotension?

alpha 1 receptor antagonist activity

dopamine agonist activity

serotonin agonist activity

beta agonist activity

27.

1 point

Which of the following are black box warnings for use of aripiprazole (Abilify) in the elderly?

increased risk of renal failure

increased risk of death

agranulocytosis

spina bifida

28.

1 point

Aripiprazole has activity against which of the following neurotransmitters?

Serotonin

Dopamine

Both

Neither

29.

1 point

Which of the following are indications for aripiprazole?

Major Depressive Disorder

Schizophrenia

Autism

All of the above

30.

1 point

How does isotretinoin prevent the formation of acne?

Sebum suppression

Antimicrobial properties

Hormone regulation

None of the above

A, B, and C

31.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT an outcome of RAR/RXR activated transcription

DNA methylation

Cellular differentiation

Proliferation

Apoptosis

All of the above are outcomes of RAR/RXR activated transcription

32.

1 point

Isotretinoin is contraindicated in which of the following condition?

Hepatic toxicity

Renal failure

Pregnancy

All of the above

33.

1 point

Which of the following statements is true regarding acne?

Acne vulgaris is a severe form of acne in which acne develops into cysts

Recalcitrant nodular acne is a common form of acne in which you develop papules and pimples

Acne vulgaris develops when increased sebum production and hyperkeratinization block the hair follicles

All of the above

34.

1 point

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the MOA for Seroquel (Quetiapine)?

It antagonizes the Dopamine D1 receptor

It antagonizes the Dopamine D2 receptor

It antagonizes the Serotonin 5HT2 receptor

All of the above

35.

1 point

Quetiapine affects the dopamine pathway which involves the area from ventral tegmental area to __________.

Cortex

Substantia nigra

Hippocampus

Pituitary

36.

1 point

What is the proper administration frequency for Seroquel?

One IR tablet once a day

One ER tablet once a day

Two IR tablets once a day

One ER tablet twice a day

37.

1 point

How is Quetiapine eliminated?

Feces

Perspiration

Urine

A and C

38.

1 point

Which of the following statements about Nexium (Esomeprazole) is false?

Nexium (Esomeprazole) is administered as a delayed release capsule

Food affects the absorption of Esomeprazole

Patients of Asian descent may be poor metabolizers of esomeprazole because they lack CYP3A4.

Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole.

39.

1 point

What makes up the triple therapy used to treat H. Pylori?

Nexium, amoxicillin, clarithromycin

Omeprazole, levofloxacin, clindamycine

Clarithromycin, cepodoxime, nexium

Advil, peptobismol, Tums

40.

1 point

Which of the following pathways is inhibited by Esomeprazole?

Na+/K+ ATPase

H+/K+ ATPase

cAMP dependent pathway

voltage dependent Ca2+channel

41.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT an FDA labeled indication for Nexium (esomeprazole)

Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

Gastroesophageal Reflux disease (GERD)

Clostridium difficile infection

NSAID-associated gastric ulcer

42.

1 point

Guanfacine has the approved indication(s) for

Hypertension

ADHD

A only

B only

A and B

43.

1 point

What is the correct mechanism of action for guanfacine?

Selective alpha-2a adrenergic agonist

Selective alpha-2b adrenergic agonist

Selective alpha-2a adrenergic antagonist

Non selective adrenergic agonist

44.

1 point

Which of the following describes the correct clearance pathway of guanfacine?

It is metabolized by the kidney and eliminated primarily by urine

is metabolized in the GI tract and eliminated renally

It is metabolized hepatically and eliminated renally

It is metabolized hepatically and eliminated fecally

45.

1 point

Which of the following is not an adverse effect of guanfacine?

Somnolence

Hypertension

Fatigue

Dizziness