Bio Exam 1

Consider the partially single-stranded DNA molecule (shown below) as a template for DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase. The inclusion in the DNA sequencing reaction of fluorescently labeled dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, at an equivalent concentration to deoxythymidine triphosphate, deoxycytidine triphosphate, and deoxyguanosine triphosphate, would lead to the generation of a fluorescently labeled DNA strand with what sequence? (The A After a 5'-AAAA-3' primer)

A conservative estimate for the number of protein coding genes in the human genome is

Deamination of cytosine creates

Which class of protein is most actively synthesized during the S phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Composite transposable elements are different from non-composite transposable elements in what way(s)

An Ac element transposes into a gene X and mutates it. Subsequently, this same element transposes to a new location in the genome. What happens to the original gene X?

The DNA content of the human genome in a human sperm cell is

The most common class of DNA sequence in the human genome is

A chromosomal inversion involved in cancer moves an actively transcribed tumor suppressor gene to a region of the chromosome that is dense in heterochromatin. How would this inversion impact the transcription of the gene?

Which of the following does not involve reverse transcriptase activity?

Alu elements are classified as

Individuals with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer often carry mutations in genes whose products are involved in

The enzymatic activity directly and specifically involved in RNA primer removal is also referred to as

Compare LINEs and SINEs. Which of the following is true of both classes of repetitive elements?

Which of the following are purines?

Which of the following relationships will be found in the percentages of bases in a double-stranded molecule of DNA?

On average, for any million base pairs of human DNA, how many SNPs would you expect to find?

In order for a Ds element insertion to be stable, which of the following must occur?

Exons make up what percent of human genome sequence?

The chemical group most commonly found at the 3’ end of an RNA molecule is a(n)

Which of the following is not included in a pyrosequencing reaction?

If an adenine nucleotide underwent a transversion mutation, what would be the new nucleotide(s)?

Consider the partially single-stranded DNA molecule represented in question 25. Molecules like this can be used as templates to make DNAs with fluorescent tags at their ends for microarray hybridization experiments. Often, a version of DNA polymerase called the Klenow fragment is used for this type of reaction. This form of DNA polymerase lacks one of its normal enzymatic activities. The absence of this activity makes the Klenow fragment better suited to use for “end labeling” the DNA with fluorescently tagged nucleotides. Which activity is missing in the Klenow fragment?

If a guanine nucleotide underwent a transition mutation, what would be the new nucleotide(s)?

A single nucleotide change in a DNA sequence could be classified as a(n)

The transposase enzyme of DNA-only transposons has which of the following activities?

Mutational inactivation of an E. coli DNA methylase that adds methyl groups to adenine bases causes an increase in mutation rate genome-wide, most likely as a result of

The outer diameter of a nucleosome is approximately

Which enzyme removes RNA primer sequences during DNA replication?

One complete turn of B-DNA occupies what length?

The outer diameter of a molecule of B-DNA is

Which of the following is not mutagenic to human cells?

Which of the following statements is true about replicative transposition?

A SNP in a DNA-only transposon that blocks transposition could be located in

The L1 transposable element

Imagine that you start a PCR reaction with a single molecule of double-stranded template DNA. How many reaction cycles would it take to generate two orders of magnitude more copies of this DNA molecule?

Which enzymatic activities are common to both the mismatch and nucleotide excision repair pathways?

Which of the following is not true about telomerase?

Most SNPs that are associated with human disease reside in

The 2’ carbon of a single deoxyribonucleotide is covalently bonded directly to x hydrogen atoms, and the 3’ carbon is covalently bonded directly to y hydrogen atoms.