History Exam (Part 1)

1.

1 point

In its cultural interaction with the Byzantine Empire, Kievan Russia

ultimately adopted Roman Catholicism rather than Orthodox Christianity

developed an extensive silk industry using Byzantine technologies

adopted the political ideals of imperial control of the Church

ultimately adopted Islam rather than Orthodox Christianity

2.

1 point

With regard to women, the growth of cities in Western Europe after 1000

included vast technological innovation that make housework easier for women

featured all-female trade guilds that were often disbanded in the Late Middle Ages

led to the growth of women's colleges and universities

led to the rise of a class of wealthy female merchants

featured many women in positions of Church leadership

3.

1 point

In what ways was the spread of Christianity in Western Europe similar to the spread of Buddhism in China?

the rejection of wealth by both Christian and Buddhist monasteries

the prospect of relative freedom from male control drew substantial numbers of women to both Buddhist and Christian nunneries

Both Buddhist and Christian monasteries were systematically shut down by state authorities after 800 CE

neither Buddhism nor Christianity had much appeal for recently settled nomadic rulers

4.

1 point

Which of the following BEST characterizes the relationship between early civilizations and writing?

writing led to the development of civilizations more so than sedentary agriculture

writing usually developed prior to a civilization's acquisition of sedentary agriculture

most civilizations did not acquire writing

all writing systems were developed in the classical or post-classical eras

writing permitted record keeping for trade and government

5.

1 point

In Chinese tradition, the Mandate of Heaven refers to

Chinese ethnocentric tendencies

a goal of Confucian tradition

the divine authority over a ruling dynasty

a lessen from Buddha's teachings

a belief in many gods

6.

1 point

In the long term, the crusading movement by Western Europeans

disrupted channels of trade because animosity between Christian and Muslims effectively ended trade between these two cultures for centuries to come

brought the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Christian churches close together as they united in their struggle against the Islamic world

was used by Europeans to rationalize later Empire building

led to widespread conversions to Christianity in the Middle East

7.

1 point

With regard to women, the growth of cities in Western Europe after 1000

led at first to women losing the right to practice traditional professions, although from the 1300s they regained their rights

led to technological innovations that have women greater opportunities than in the past

at first allowed women to participate in many professions, although by the fifteenth century opportunities were declining

led to wealthy female merchants dominating governments in several cities

8.

1 point

The Byzantine Empire

transmitted ancient Greek learning to both Western Europe and the Islamic world

produced few products with which to trade along Silk Roads

was able to bring the eastern and western branches of the Christian Church back together under its leadership

fell along with the Persian Empire to Arab forces in the eighth century

9.

1 point

After the fall of Rome in the late 400s CE, the eastern half of the empire became the

Persian Empire

Holy Roman Empire

Hellenistic Empire

Byzantine Empire

Mauryan Empire

10.

1 point

Which regard to the conversion of Western Europe to Christianity,

the Church pursued a bottom-up strategy, converting the people before they sought to convert their rulers

the Church and their allies among Christian rulers never used coercion to convert communities because such conversions were not considered valid

Pope Gregory succeeded in converting numerous peoples only after he ordered missionaries to destroy pagan temples upon their arrival in communities

the Church was willing to accommodate a considerable range of earlier cultural practices by absorbing them into an emerging Christian tradition

11.

1 point

Which of the following was a long-term impact of the Crusades?

Animosity from the Crusades ended the flow of Muslim learning into Europe

The Crusades weakened significantly the influence of Turkic-speaking peoples in the Islamic world

The large-scale conversion of Middle Eastern peoples to Christianity occured

Spain, Sicily and the Baltic region permanently joined the world of Western Christendom

12.

1 point

All of the following for Europeans to engage in the Crusades (1095-1291) EXCEPT

the Papacy hoped the wars would culturally unite the decentralized European Christians

peasant Crusaders were promised Middle Eastern land in exchange for their military service

the Papacy hoped to bring Eastern Christian lands under the supervision of the west

the Crusaders hoped to restore pilgrimage land access to the Holy Land

it was used as an opportunity to promote chivalry amongst the noble European classes

13.

1 point

Which of the following was the MOST effective unifying force in Pre-Classical, Classical and Post-Classical Indian culture?

a consistently recognized central political authority

a period of uninterrupted, long-distance trade with East Asian civilizations

a matriarchal pattern of social authority

the expansion of Buddhist influence to the majority of the native population

widely practiced Aryan and Hindu traditions, including the caste system

14.

1 point

Which of the following Germanic tribes is MISMATCHED with its geographic locale?

Saxons- Northern Germany

Lombards- Northern Italy

Franks- France

Visigoths- England

Jutes- Denmark

15.

1 point

What was a common feature of Classical civilizations in India, China and the Mediterranean

maintenance of highly centralized governments that lingered after the classical era

the absence of coerced labor

the gradual elimination of a patriarchal society

agricultural systems were dependent on monsoon rains

a social hierarchy

16.

1 point

Which important idea is credited to intellectuals of the Gupta Empire?

pictorial writing

invention of gunpowder

the concept of zero

monotheism

invention of the telescope

17.

1 point

Which of the following was a long-term impact of the crusades?

the Crusades significantly weakened the influence of the Turks in the Islamic world

Spain, Sicily, and the Baltic region joined or re-joined the world of Western Christendom

animosity between Europe and the Middle East permanently ended the flow of trade between the two

the large scale conversion of Arab Muslims to Christianity occured

all of the above

18.

1 point

which of the following classical societies is MISMATCHED with geographic counterpart?

Mayan, central america

mauryan, indian subcontinent

Han, eastern asia

Gupta Empire, arabian peninsula

Greek, eastern Mediterranean Sea

19.

1 point

All of the following is true of the Holy Roman Empire EXCEPT:

it occupied most of Central Europe during the Middle Ages and into the Early Modern Era

it was, in part, an attempt by the Papacy to restore the glory of the Classical Roman Empire

similar to the role of the Byzantine Emperor, the Holy Roman Emperor also served as the leading religious figure

it was home to bustling inter-state trade during the Late Post-Classical Era

its style of political organization prevented the rise of a German nation-state until the late 19th century

20.

1 point

In Western Europe, women

received political rights by the sixteenth century

were able to practice some trades, especially between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries

regularly entered university training to become lawyers and doctors after the twelfth century

had no opportunities outside the home

21.

1 point

Which of the following was not carried from Hinduism to Buddhism?

reverence for nature

the importance of prayer

belief in an afterlife

endorsement of the caste system

temple construction

22.

1 point

Russian civilization emerged in the 9th century around what major city?

St. Petersburg

Kiev

Constantinople

Rome

Vienna

23.

1 point

Feudalism

was a political, economic and social system

emerged from manorialism

involved benefices, or privileges, to vassals in exchange for military service or agricultural labor

included an honor code for knights known as chivalry

all of the above

24.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the overall impact of the Crusades on European history and culture?

Europeans went on to conquer other territories for religious reasosns

remarkably, economic trade between Christian and Muslim realms increased

the crusading mentality continued on the Iberian peninsula by European Christian despite losses in the Middle East

political animosity between Christians, Muslims and Jews increased

the Papacy lost most of its religious authority in Europe from the remainder of the Middle Ages

25.

1 point

Hellenistic culture brought together the traditions of which of the following regions?

Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, Scandinavian

Middle Eastern, Mediterranean, Southwest Asian

Mediterranean, Mesoamerican, sub-Saharan African

Mesoamerican, Scandinavian, Mediterranean

East Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian

26.

1 point

Which policy did BOTH Roman and Han armies tend to implement upon taking control of a foreign land?

enslavement of the entire working age population

relative autonomy for cooperative elites

cessation of trade contact with the rest of the world

construction of libraries and universititie

repression of local worship and imposition of an imperial religion

27.

1 point

Which of the following geographic regions is MOST susceptible to drastic environmental change?

Asia Minor

East Asia

Mesopotamia

Europe

Indian Subcontinent

28.

1 point

Which of the following is TRUE of England in the Late Middle Ages?

King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta which granted increased power to English nobles

Its form of feudalism was more centralized than most of Europe

It created the first form of Parliament in Europe

It engaged in The Hundred Years War with Francw

All of the above

29.

1 point

One reason why the Byzantine Empire survived as a political entity for a thousand years long than the western part of the Roman empire was

early on the Byzantine Empire completely abandoned its Roman cultural heritage which allowed it to more successfully reform as compared to the western portion of the empire

the Byzantine Empire abandoned its indefensible capital city of Constantinople, allowing it to more effectively defend the other cities of the empire

it was wealthier and more cosmopolitan than the western portion of the Roman Empire

while Germanic invaders overwhelmed the western portion of the Roman empire, they never threatened the Byzantine Empire

30.

1 point

Which of the following was LEAST effected by Silk Road trade and travel during the Classical Era?

Sub-Saharan Africa

Buddhism

The Gupta Dynasty

The Han Dynasty

The Roman Empire

31.

1 point

One major difference between the fall of Han China and that of the Roman Empire qas

dynastic China would return to equal and even greater prominence in the post-classical period

Han China adopted a new state religion in its later phase while the Roman Empire did not

Roman imperial blunders can be traced to decisions made in the Senate only, not by emperors

the Roman empire collapsed due to multiple causes while Han China fell to peasant unrest alone

the Roman empire left little basis for subsequent developments in western civilizations

32.

1 point

If you were on a Crusade mission and departing by sea from southern France, in what general direction would you need to travel in order to arrive in the Hold Land?

northeast

southwest

southeast

down

northwest

33.

1 point

One factor that contributed to the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church was

political rivalry between the Byzantine Empire and Kiev

the acceptance of married priests in the Roman Catholic Church

the rejection of caesaropapism by the Byzantine Emperor

disagreement about the veneration of icons

34.

1 point

Which weakness of the Roman Empire contributed MOST directly to its collapse?

it was too vast to impose unity and order among all of the regions

it was too small to gather resources necessary to protect itself from rival powers

mountain ranges blocked effective transport and communication between key areas

repeated, failed aggressions against powerful empires to the east

it did not have access to waterways suitable for carrying out long distance trade

35.

1 point

Which of the following cities, because of its coastal location and shipbuilding industry, financially profited from the Crusades?

Paris

London

Venice

Amsterdam

Madrid

36.

1 point

Which of the following BEST characterizes the evolving role of women as human society moved from pre-agricultural to agricultural modes of production?

women increasingly tended to large flocks of domesticated animals

women served as guides for religious for religious worship in village or town temples

women began increasingly cared for more children

women often foraged and fashioned stone tools

women spent most of their time at the market to trade thr family's surplus farm good

37.

1 point

Which of the following Post-Classical cities was located furthest East?

Genoa

London

Constantinople

Venice

Cordoba

38.

1 point

In comparison to Byzantium, the Latin West before 1000 CE

had a Christian church more firmly under the control of political authorities

possessed no city that could compare to the splendor of Constantinople

was more politically unified

possessed a more powerful emperor

39.

1 point

A good example of Europeans building on rather than just borrowing technologies from other civilizations is

the compass

paper-making

the lateen sail

the gunpowder cannon

40.

1 point

Which of the following civilizations gave the least amount of power to its rulers during the period 1000-1300?

The Byzantine Empire

Japan

China

Western Europe

41.

1 point

Which of following practices remained continuous from the period of the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire?

strict rules separating military service and political leadership

the promotion of slave uprisings

primacy placed in a Senate where state affairs were debated

recruitment of local elites in recently conquered areas to represent the interests of the imperial center

dominant involvement of the plebeian classes in state affairs

42.

1 point

After the Crusades, trade during the medieval period

weakened between Central Europe and the Baltic region

more fully joined Europe in the extensive Muslim commercial network

immediately shifted away from the Mediterranean to an almost entirely land-based trade

placed the power of the merchant classes in competition with monarchial power

slowed tremendously

43.

1 point

In Western Europe after the collapse of the Roman Empire in 476,

Odoacer rapidly restored large-scale centralized rule

the Germanic tribesmen who had conquered the region all became vassals of the Byzantine Emperors

more land came under cultivation than at the height of the Roman Empire

outside Italy, long-distance trade largely vanished

44.

1 point

The earliest agricultural civilizations developed along __ in ___

oceanic coats, the Americas

deserts, North Africa

mountain plateaus, China

archipelagoes, the Pacific

river valleys, the Middle East

45.

1 point

Which of the following BEST describes political patterns on the Indian subcontinent in the classical era?

decentralized rule by local princes was punctuated by the Mauryan and Gupta periods of unification

only stateless societies existed

dynastic rule under the Mauryan Empire lasted for this period-s duration

representative democracy was a common form of government throughout India at this time

centralized government never successfully existed in this time period

46.

1 point

Which of the following geographic terms is LEAST relevant to the history of the Byzantine Empire

Baltic Sea

Mediterranean Sea

Asia Minor

Black Sea

Balkan Peninsula

47.

1 point

Which of the following is the BEST comparative description of the Roman Empire and Han China?

both rejected any form of social hierarchy

both achieved long periods of centralized government with expanding economies

both afforded women equal opportunities to hold as much political power as possible

both created governments run by elected officials known as Senators

for aimed for and experienced long periods of isolationism in world affairs

48.

1 point

Which of the following was evidence of the expansion and growth of European civilization during the High Middle Ages?

Most of North Africa converted to Christianity

the Pope emerged as an all-powerful political ruler of western Europe

There was a considerable increase in long-distance trade

cities increased in size, approaching the size of the Song's dynasty's capital of Hangzhou in China

49.

1 point

Which of the following early river valley civilizations developed in greatest of isolation from the others?

Indus

Huang (He) Yellow River

Nile River

Euphrates River

Tigris River

50.

1 point

How was serfdom different from slavery in medieval Europe?

serfs could not be bought or sold, and serfs could own property

serfs were prevented from practicing Christianity

serfs were not born into their social position

serfs were not often beaten by their lords as a means of suppressing revolts

serfs represented the lowest status of labor