sociology test 2

1.

1 point

The personnel officer for a small company refuses to hire the most qualified individual for a key marketing position because the candidate is Hispanic. This is an example of:

Prejudice

Discrimination.

Segregation

institutional discrimination.

2.

1 point

The process of deliberately and systematically killing an entire group of people or the members of a nation is called:

Amalgamation

expulsion

Genocide

Partitioning

3.

1 point

A group that is set apart from others because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns is called a (an):

patriot group.

racial group.

reference group.

ethnic group.

4.

1 point

Prejudice refers to:

the process of arbitrarily denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups.

the process by which a person forsakes his or her own cultural tradition to become a part of a different culture.

the act of physically separating two groups.

a negative attitude toward an entire category of people, such as a racial or ethnic minority.

5.

1 point

Those elements that are beyond everyday life and inspire awe, respect, or fear are known as:

Evangelical

Pentecostal

profane

Sacred

6.

1 point

Discrimination is:

the process of denying opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or arbitrary reasons.

a negative attitude toward an entire racial category.

the act of physically separating two groups.

the process by which a person forsakes his or her own cultural tradition to become a part of a different culture.

7.

1 point

Which theorist believed that religion was the "opiate" of oppressed people?

Karl Marx

Émile Durkheim

Max Weber

Robert Bellah

8.

1 point

An unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize individual differences within the group is called:

a stereotype.

Ethnocentrism

scapegoating

a prejudice.

9.

1 point

Karl Marx's theory provides a theoretical basis for which of the following views of minority and majority group relations?

The position that racism keeps minorities in low-paying jobs and thereby provides the ruling class with a cheap pool of desperate labor

The contact hypothesis

The position that racism is often a financial burden for the majority group, which must pay for police to control crime and delinquency

None of these

10.

1 point

Cultural universals are:

the ordinary and commonplace elements of life as distinguished from the sacred.

practices found in every culture.

elements in everyday life that inspire awe, are respected, and even feared.

more than one of these.

11.

1 point

Profane refers to:

practices required or expected of members of a faith.

a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to profane things.

those elements beyond everyday life that inspire awe, respect, or fear.

the ordinary and commonplace elements of life.

12.

1 point

A unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things is known as a (an):

total institution.

Religion.

institution

Bureaucracy

13.

1 point

A racial group is a group that is set apart from others because of:

obvious physical differences.

its religious differences.

its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns.

its language differences.

14.

1 point

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism was written by:

Émile Durkheim.

Max Weber.

Karl Marx.

Talcott Parsons.

15.

1 point

Which of the following would be an example of a religious belief?

Jewish people celebrating Chanukah by lighting candles on a menorah

All of these

The view that God will reward righteous people by sending them to heaven

Christians going to church on Sunday

16.

1 point

A belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior is called:

sexism

Issei

Racism

Discrimination

17.

1 point

The process through which religion's influence on other social institutions diminishes is called:

liberation theology.

Profanization

Secularization

the Protestant ethic.

18.

1 point

Which of the following terms refers to positive efforts to recruit minority members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities?

Institutional expulsion

Segregation

Affirmative action

Institutional prejudice

19.

1 point

Which of the following would be considered examples of a cultural universal?

Dancing

Religion

All of these

Food preparation

20.

1 point

Religious beliefs are:

shared conceptions of what is good, desirable, and proper in society.

statements to which members of a particular religion adhere.

practices required or expected of members of a faith.

the feelings or perceptions of being in direct contact with the ultimate reality, such as a divine being, or of being overcome with religious emotion.