Section 15 Quiz

Inflammation of the prostate gland typically from an infection. Pain, white blood cells in the urine, duration and bacteria cultured from the urine.

Bladder Cancer- malignancy arising from the epithelial lining of the urinary bladder. Hematuria, dysuria, polyuria, or the feeling the need to urinate without results.

A progressive loss in renal function over a period of months or years resulting in malaise, reduced appetite, increased blood pressure, and metabolic acidosis.

A bacterial infection that affects part of the urinary tract. In the lower urinary tract it is known as cystitis and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as pyelonephritis. Pain, burning urination, and polyuria without a vaginal discharge.

Hypercapnia (increased CO2 levels) caused by decreased rate and depth of breathing, obstruction of airway, or decreased gas exchange. Symptoms include headache, confusion, warm flushed skin, and constricted pupils.

Most of these cancers are slow growing, however, there are aggressive cases. The cancer cells may metastasize from the prostate to other parts of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes. Pain, dysuria, problems during sexual intercourse, or erectile dysfunction.

Symptoms include arrhythmia, muscle weakness, constipation, hypotension, and polyuria.

Involuntary leakage of urine caused by uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, polydipsia, and diabetes insipidus.

Dehydration with symptoms of syncope, tachycardia, oliguria, and loss of skin elasticity.

A growth in the size of individual cells. Storage problems include urinary frequency, urgency, incontinence, and nocturia. Voiding problems include hesitancy, intermittency, straining to void, and dribbling.

Results from 1) Accumulation of acids from kidney failure or excessive production of acidic ketone bodies from diabetes or 2) Excessive loss of bases from prolonged vomiting or prolonged diarrhea (both results in large loss of bicarbonate ions). Symptoms include headache, confusion, dizziness, and hyperventilation.

Renal calculus- Solid concretion formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine. Classified by location: kidney (nephrolithiasis), ureter (ureterolithiasis), or bladder (cystolithiasis). Intermittent pain that radiates from the flank to the groin. The pain known as renal colic, is often described as one of the strongest pain sensations known accompanied by urinary urgency, hematuria, sweating, nausea and vomiting.

Typically asymptomatic with severe reduction resulting in hyperhidrosis (excess sweating), nausea, vomiting, headache, malaise, confusion, and renal or kidney failure.

Inflammation of the glomeruli from infection, drugs, systemic disorders, or diabetes. Hematuria, proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, nephritic syndrome, and renal failure.

An ascending urinary tract infection that has reached the pelvis of the kidney. Fever, tachycardia, dysuria, abdominal pain radiating to the back, and nausea.

Overhydration resulting from water intoxication or hypernatremia.

Symptoms of edema, ascites, and palpitations.

An increase in the number of cells. Storage problems include urinary frequency, urgency, incontinence, and nocturia. Voiding problems include hesitancy, intermittency, straining to void, and dribbling.

Narrowing of the renal artery, most often caused by atherosclerosis. Primarily asymptomatic with the possibility of high blood pressure that cannot be controlled with medication.

Damage to the kidneys causing them to leak a large amounts of protein. Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema (which is generalized and also known as anasarca or dropsy).

A syndrome associated with disorders affecting the kidneys, more specifically glomerular disorders. Characterized by having small pores in the podocytes that are large enough to permit proteins (proteinuria) and red blood cells (hematuria) to pass into the urine. Hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and uremia.

Hyperventilation from anxiety, fever, poisoning, or high altitude. Symptoms include dizziness, fainting, numbness, and tetany.

Symptoms include numbness, weakness, ventricular fibrillation, and cardiac arrest.

A rapid loss of kidney function from low blood volume, exposure to substances harmful to the kidney, or urinary obstruction. Results in fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, nausea and vomiting

A kidney cancer that originates in the lining of the proximal convoluted tubule. The most lethal of all the genitourinary tumors. Abnormal urine color (dark, rusty, or brown) due to hematuria, genital pain, abdominal mass, malaise, and weight loss.