Biology Chapter 1

1.

1 point

All organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae

obtain food by decomposing the remains of dead organisms and absorbing the nutrients

are unicellular and lack a nucleus

are multicellular

are photosynthetic

2.

1 point

Which of the following statements is NOT consistent with Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Individuals in a population exhibit variations, some of which are passed from parents to offspring

Factors in the environment result in some organisms having better reproductive success than others

Individual organisms exhibit genetic change during their life spans to better fit their environment

Natural selection can lead to the appearance of new species

3.

1 point

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive?

cell, molecule, organ system, organ, organelle, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community

organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, organelle, community, cell, ecosystem, molecule

ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, organelle, tissue

molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem

4.

1 point

Which of the following statements about genetics is TRUE?

Differences among organisms reflect different nucleotide sequences in their DNA.

Each DNA molecule is a single strand of nucleotides

DNA is made up of six different kinds of nucleotides

Genes are proteins that produce DNA

5.

1 point

A theory is

a concept in the early stages that still needs to be tested.

an idea that has been proven

a description of belief that invokes the supernatural

an explanation of an idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence

6.

1 point

You notice that over the past month, many students on campus have started wearing a new style of school sweatshirt. You think to yourself that perhaps the Armory has recently started selling this new sweatshirt style. This prediction is an example of

an experiment

a hypothesis

a type of observation

an experimental question

7.

1 point

After reading the paragraph, answer the question(s) that follow.

The national Institutes of Health (NIH) set up a study to determine whether large doses of vitamin C would shorten the length of time it takes to recover from a cold. Three thousand volunteers were split into two groups. For two weeks, members of Group A took 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily. Group B received 3,000 mg of placebo (sugar pill). At the end of the two-week period, the researchers inserted live cold viruses directly into the noses of all volunteers. The volunteers in both Group A and B continued to take their daily pills. All the volunteers got colds, and there was no significant difference in the length of time the cold lasted.

To have confidence that the results of the experiment were valid, you'd also want to know...

what the volunteers at during the experiment

whether any volunteers had colds at the start of the experiment

whether the volunteers all worked for the same company

whether volunteers exercised daily

8.

1 point

Organisms that are prokaryotes are in the domains

bacteria and archaea

plantae and animalia

eukarya and archaea

fungi and bacteria

9.

1 point

The role of a control in an experiment is to

ensure repeatability

counteract the negative effect of the experiment

provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group

prove that a hypothesis is correct

10.

1 point

Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?

Bacteria

Fungi

Viruses

Archaea

11.

1 point

A hypothesis

the same as a theory

an explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence.

a proposed explanation for a set of observations

a widely accepted idea about a phenomenon

12.

1 point

The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp's nest, two squirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together all of these organisms represent

a species

a population

an ecosystem

a community

13.

1 point

Which level of hierarchy shown is a community?

all environments on earth supporting life

group of cheetahs

savannah

all organisms in the savannah

14.

1 point

What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system?

A tissue cannot exist unless it is a component of an organ system, whereas an organ system can exist independently of tissues.

The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level.

An organ system includes tissues

Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells.

15.

1 point

If you eat a hamburger, you are mainly eating ground-up beef muscle. What levels of organization are represented in this ground-up muscle?

tissue, organ, and organ system

organ, organ system, and organism

organelle, cell, and tissue

organism, population, and community

16.

1 point

A scientist performs a controlled experiment. This means that

the experiment proceeds at a slow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefully observe all reactions and process all experimental data

one experiment is performed, but the scientist controls the variables.

the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the results are accurate

two experiments are conducted, one differing from the other by only a single variable

17.

1 point

Which of the following takes in sunlight, and releases heat and chemical energy? (This is a drawing on the ch.1 test)

decomposing bacteria

giraffe

leopard

tree

18.

1 point

Members of the kingdom Animalia

are composed of cells that lack a cell membrane

can obtain their food either by absorption or by photosynthesis

can obtain their food by eating other organisms

make their own food through photosynthesis

19.

1 point

In an ecosystem, energy

comes ultimately from bacteria

cycles along with chemical nutrients

typically flows from consumers to producers to decomposers

typically flows from producers through a series of consumers

20.

1 point

Which of the following statements regarding a common cellular activity is FALSE?

Cells develop and maintain complex organization

Cells regulate their internal environment

New cells are derived from cellular components like organelles

Cells respond to the environment

21.

1 point

The ultimate source of energy flowing into nearly all ecosystems is

sunlight

radioactivity

wind

electricity

22.

1 point

To be scientifically valid, a hypothesis must be

testable and falsifiable

reasonable

part of a theory

controlled

23.

1 point

After reading the paragraph, answer the question(s) that follow.

The national Institutes of Health (NIH) set up a study to determine whether large doses of vitamin C would shorten the length of time it takes to recover from a cold. Three thousand volunteers were split into two groups. For two weeks, members of Group A took 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily. Group B received 3,000 mg of placebo (sugar pill). At the end of the two-week period, the researchers inserted live cold viruses directly into the noses of all volunteers. The volunteers in both Group A and B continued to take their daily pills. All the volunteers got colds, and there was no significant difference in the length of time the cold lasted.

Which was the experimental group?

Group A only

all 3,000 volunteers

Group B only

the researchers that inserted the cold virus

24.

1 point

Which of the following statements about the properties of life is false?

All organisms have the ability to maintain a constant internal temperature

All organisms have the ability to take in energy and use it

All organisms have the ability to reproduce

All organisms have the ability to respond to stimuli from the environment.

25.

1 point

An antibiotic kills 99.9% of a bacterial population. You would expect the next generation of bacteria

to be more resistant to that antibiotic

to be more contagious than the prior generation

to die out due to the drastic decrease in population size

to be just as susceptible to that antibiotic as was the previous generation