Biology Ch. 2 Review

1.

1 point

A pharmaceutical Company hires a chemist to analyze the purity of the water being used in it's drug preparations. if the water is pure, the chemist would expect to find…

Only H+ ions and OH- ions

H2O molecules, H+ ions, and OH- ions

H2O molecules and OH- ions

H2O molecules and H+ ions

2.

1 point

A solution with a pH of 1 is...

strongly acidic

neutral

strongly basic

weakly acidic

3.

1 point

A compound...

is a pure element

is a solution

contains two or more elements in a fixed ratio

is nonexistent

4.

1 point

The oxygen atom of each water molecule

is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms

is attracted to the negatively charged atoms of other molecules

is electrically neutral

is more positively charged than the hydrogen atoms

5.

1 point

In a neutralization reaction, an acid + a base =

water and salt

a new acid

a new base

an unknown product

6.

1 point

Compared to a basic solution at pH 8, the same volume of an acidic solution at pH 6 has ___ times more hydrogen ions (H+).
HINT - For every number up or down is a zero added to the number 10
so... 10 to 8= 100 or 13 to 9= 10000

10

100

1000

100000

10000

7.

1 point

A solution with a pH of 7 is...

neutral

strongly acidic

strongly basic

weakly basic

8.

1 point

___ are weak bonds that are not strong enough to hold atoms together to form molecules but are strong enough to form bridges between molecules?

Ionic bonds

Hydrogen bonds

covalent bones

Polar covalent bonds

9.

1 point

a buffer...

is a substance that resists changes in pH by accepting OH- when it is in excess and donating OH- when it is depleted

is an acid that is used to offset overly basic conditions in the body

is a base that is used to offset overly acidic conditions in the body

is a substance that resists changes in pH by accepting H+ when it is in excess and donating H+ when it is depleted

10.

1 point

What is the fundamental difference between covalent and ionic bonding

Covalent bonds form between atoms of the same element' ionic bonds, between atoms of different elements

In covalent bonding, both partners end up with filled other electrons shells; in ionic bonding, on partner does and the other does not

In a covalent bond, the partners have identical electronegative; in an ionic bond, one of the partners is more electronegative

In a covalent bond, the partners share a pair of electrons; in an ionic bond one partner gives an electron while the other takes that electron

11.

1 point

A ___ forms when two atoms share electrons.

hydrogen bond

either polar covalent or covalent bond

covalent bond

ionic bond

12.

1 point

Many fabrics are coated with a "water-repellent" chemical that causes water to bead on the fabric instead of soaking in. This probably occurs because

the coating has positive charges that repel the positively charged ends of water molecules

The coating has negative charges that repel the negatively charged ends of the water molecules

the coating is neutral, and therefore repels water, which is also neutral

the coating is neutral and does not attract the positive or negative ends of the water molecule

13.

1 point

The atom sodium contains 11 electrons, 11 protons, and 12 neutrons. What is the mass number of sodium?

23

22

11

33

14.

1 point

How many calories is it per one fat?

15

9

4

6

15.

1 point

Changing in the ___ would change it into an atom of a different element

electrical charge of an atom

number of bonds formed by an atom

number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

16.

1 point

When full, the innermost electron shell of an atoms contains___ electrons, and valence shell contains ___.

2 ... 2

0 ... 8

8 ... 8

2 ... 8

17.

1 point

Make sure to know the four different properties of water and what they do.

True

False

18.

1 point

The nucleus of an atom contains..

only protons

Protons and neutrons

only neutrons

protons and electrons

19.

1 point

In the equation 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O the H2 molecules are ___ and the H2O molecules are ___.

products ... reactants

reactants ... products

reactants ... reactants

products ... products

20.

1 point

Radioactive isotopes...

have no medical usage

have no effect of living tissue

can be used with PET scans to diagnose a patient

never occur natrually

21.

1 point

The hydrogen atoms of a water molecule are bonded to the oxygen atom by ___ bonds, whereas neighboring water molecules are held together by ___ bonds.

polar covalent ... hydrogen

hydrogen ... hydrogen

hydrogen ... ionic

hydrogen ... polar covalent

22.

1 point

A can of cola consist mostly of sugar dissolved in water with some carbon dioxide gas that makes it busy and makes the pH less than seven and chemical times you could say that Cole is an aqueous solution where the water is the ___ sugar is a ___ and carbon dioxide makes the solution ___

Solute... solvent... basic

Solvent… solute… Acidic

solute… Solvent… Acidic

Solvent… solute… Basic

23.

1 point

a solvent

is the dissolving agent of a solution

is the liquid portion of a solution

is usually water in living cells

all of the listed responses are correct

24.

1 point

As ice melts…

Hydrogen bonds are broken

Water molecules become less tightly packed

The water becomes less dense

Covalent bonds form

All listed responses are correct

25.

1 point

A compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+) into a solution is a(n)...

base

acid

polymer

salt

26.

1 point

The four most common elements in living organisms are...

C,N,O,Cl

C,H,O,Na

C,H,O,N

C,N,O,Ca

27.

1 point

The electrons of an atom are found...

in the atomic nucleus

bound to the protons

possibly anywhere in the atomic structure

in electrons shells

28.

1 point

A(n) ___ is a portion of an atom that carries ___.

electron... a positive charge

proton...a negative charge

proton...a positive charge

electron... no electrical charge

29.

1 point

The atomic number of an atom is...

the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

the number of protons in the atom

the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom

the number of electrons in the atom

30.

1 point

Why can a glass be filled with water to the point where some of the water is above the rim of the glass yet the water does not overflow the glass

The pressure of gravity on the water prevent the overflow

Water molecules exhibit cohesion adhesion and surface tension

It is an optical illusion; the water is not actually above the rim

Water molecules absorb heat energy

31.

1 point

Table salt is formed when... (THIS QUESTION IS OMIT ON THE TEST)

Chlorine gives an electron to sodium

a hydrogen bond forms between sodium and chlorine

sodium and chlorine share electrons to forma bond

none of the listed responses

32.

1 point

Medicines are often administered in pill form. In many cases, the active ingredient of the pill (the drug) is joined to another substance by ___. This forms a(n) ___, which is a stable in the dry environment of a pill bottle but dissociates under the wet conditions of the digestive system to release the drug to the body.

hydrogen bonds... acid

ionic bonds... salt

covalent bonds... base

covalent bonds... acid

33.

1 point

Household ammonia has a pH of 12; household bleach has a pH of 13. Which of the following statements is true?

the ammonia is a stronger base than the bleach

both these substances are strong bases

Both of these substances are strong acids

neither of the substances contain hydrogen ions (H+)

34.

1 point

How many calories is it per one carb?

4

6

7

5

35.

1 point

the pH scale measures

potential hydrogen ions

polar helium

pretty hair

physical hydrogen atoms

36.

1 point

Which of the following is not a characteristic of chemical reactions?

Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of chemical bonds

Some chemical reactions create electrons; others destroy them

Although the Adams of a reactions reactants and products are identical to each other there molecular formulae differ

The reactants contain the same number of Adams as the product

37.

1 point

A sulfur atom has 6 electrons in its outer shell. As a result, it forms ___ covalent bonds with other atoms.

6

2

8

4

38.

1 point

How many calories is it per one protein?

7

4

5

6

39.

1 point

Your body contains the smallest amount of which of the following elements listed

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

Carbon

Oxygen