HBD-T5-4/5

1.

5 points

Where are proteins and lipids packaged and finalized for external transport?

Golgi apparatus

Nucleoplasm

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

2.

5 points

Phagocytosis : Ingestion of Solids :: Pinocytosis : __

Gas

Liquids

Plasma

Only water

3.

5 points

Which functions do lysosomes serve?

Help destroy harmful bacteria

Allow nutrients to enter the cell

Fuse with food vacuoles to nourish cell

Help break down damaged organelles

4.

5 points

All cells are surrounded by a __, consisting of __ and __.

cellulose membrane; linked RNA; ribosomes

plasma membrane; a phospholipid bilayer; proteins

glucose membrane; water molecules; chocolate

plasma membrane; glucose molecules; proteins

5.

5 points

What do bound ribosomes usually create?

Proteins used outside the cell

Proteins used for organelles

Proteins used for the membrane

Proteins used within the membrane

6.

5 points

What is the difference between flagella and cilia, parts of the cytoskeleton?

Flagella is a microtubule; Cilia is a microfilament

Flagella is long and whip-like; cilia is short and abundant

Flagella is short and abundant; cilia is long and whip-like

Flagella begins with the letter C; Cilia begins with the letter F

7.

5 points

Microtubules can be described as "__", for organelle movement

doors

airplanes

tracks

walls

8.

5 points

Glycoproteins and glycolipids, finished by the Golgi apparatus, is used mainly in which component of a cell?

Chloroplast

Transport vessicles

Cell membrane

Nucleus

9.

5 points

Which of the following components make up the endomembrane system?

Cell wall

Lysosomes

Golgi apparatus

Plasma membrane

Chloroplasts

Mitochondria

Nuclear envelope

Vessicles and vacuoles

Endoplasmic reticulum

10.

5 points

(Question Modified): The cytoskeleton, in charge of supporting and shaping the cell among other functions, is comprised of what, from LARGEST to SMALLEST?

Filaments (keratin), microtubules (tubulin), microfilaments (actin)

Microtubules (tubulin), filaments (keratin), microfilaments (actin)

None of the above

Microfilaments (actin), filaments (keratin), Microtubules (tubulin)

11.

5 points

The Golgi apparatus has an entry side called "__" and an exit side called "__".

trans; cis

cis; trans

hypo; hyper

pre; pro

12.

5 points

Which of the following are not allowed through the semi-permeable membrane?

Smaller objects

Larger objects

Non-polar objects

Polar objects

13.

5 points

What is chromatin?

A long string of only protein

The DNA and proteins together

Condensed chromosomes

Another name for DNA

14.

5 points

Facilitated diffusion uses __ to transport particles that cannot easily pass through the semi-permeable membrane.

Proteins

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Ribosomes

15.

5 points

What is ATP?

The building blocks of the cell membrane

The fluid in cytoplasm

Energy used by cells for metabolic processes

A type of sugar that is a by-product of cellular respiration

16.

5 points

What is the smallest and most numerous organelle?

Lysosomes

Chromatin

Nucleolus

Ribosomes

17.

5 points

What is the cell wall made mostly of?

Dextrose

Glucose

Maltose

Cellulose

18.

5 points

Which of the following are in a plant cell, but not animal cell?

Cell wall, mitochondria, cell membrane

Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplast

Peroxisomes, lysosomes, cell wall

Plasmodesmata, peroxisomes, ribosomes

19.

5 points

What are aquaporins?

Facilitated diffusion proteins for water molecules

Nuclear pores for water molecules

Transport proteins for hydrocarbons

All of the above

20.

5 points

Chloroplasts contain which pigment?

Testosterone

Chlorophyll

Natural Dye

Limeade

21.

5 points

Which ribosomes create proteins usually for functions inside the cell?

Ribosomes that are bound to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes that float freely in the cytosol/cytoplasm

Ribosomes that are bound to the cell membrane

Ribosomes that are bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

22.

5 points

A hypotonic environment has __ solute inside the cell, while a hypertonic environment has __ solute inside cell

Equal; equal

Less; more

More; less

None; all

23.

5 points

Peripheral proteins penetrate the membrane, while integral proteins merely attach at the surface.

True

False

24.

5 points

__ easily crosses the membrane, __ passes slowly, and __ has difficulty passing through the membrane.

Non-polar molecules; ions; polar molecules

Non-polar molecules; polar molecules; ions

Ions; polar molecules; non-polar molecules

Polar molecules; ions; non-polar molecules

25.

5 points

Which organisms are prokaryotes?

Fungi and other decomposers

Plants and animals

Archaea and bacteria

Abiotic factors of an ecosystem

26.

5 points

What is the purpose of a plant's cell wall?

Shape

Protection

Structure

Rigidity

27.

5 points

What, in total, limits the size of cells?

The surface area to volume ratio (SA:V)

The cytoplasm

The size of the vacuole

The organelles contained

28.

5 points

Osmosis allows what substance to pass through a selectively permeable membrane?

Water

Sugars

Nutrients

Proteins

29.

5 points

Which organelle also functions to replace the membrane via vessicle?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Nuclear envelope

Mitochondria

30.

5 points

What are phospholipids comprised of?

Protein heads and phosphate tails

Phosphate heads and lipid tails

Phosphate heads and tails

Phosphate tails and lipid heads

31.

5 points

Bound ribosomes are bound to which organelle?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Nucleuolus

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

32.

5 points

The sodium-phosphate pump allows which of the following?

Sodium out; Phosphate in

Phospate out; Sodium in

ATP, sodium, and phosphate in

ATP in; Sodium and phospate out

33.

5 points

What are cisternae?

A stack of flattened sacs

Cavity in the nucleus

All of the above

Cell-friendly bacteria

34.

5 points

What, specifically, does the nucleolus do?

Controls the cell's size

Sends information to organelles

Assembles ribosomes

Controls the cell's functions

35.

5 points

Membranes are not static. They are dynamic due to which of the following?

Cholesterol is embedded in the membrane to control fluidity

Lipids and proteins can traverse the membrane

Carbohydrates continuously flow throughout the membrane

Hydrophobic interactions of lipid tails

36.

5 points

What characteristic of eukaryotes differentiates them from prokaryotes?

Nucleus

RNA

Ribosomes

DNA

37.

5 points

What is the difference between exocytosis and endocytosis?

Exocytosis: enters cell; endocytosis: leaves cell

Exocytosis: leaves cell; endocytosis: enters cell

38.

5 points

What is one of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum's functions?

Creation of lysosomes

Detoxification of alcohol and drugs

Fighting of bacteria

Packaging of secretory proteins

39.

5 points

Microfilaments are solid fibers used for what type of movement?

Propelling

Contracting/Lengthening

Rowing

Oscillating/S-Shape

40.

5 points

Intermediate filaments serve what purpose?

Providing water

Structure, shape, and strength

Guiding organelles

Channelling nutrients

41.

5 points

Plant cells have nuclear envelopes.

True

False

42.

5 points

When solutions are in an isotonic state, they __.

have more solute outside than inside

have no solute inside

have more solute inside than outside

have as much solute inside the cell as outside

43.

5 points

What do freshwater organisms have contractile vacuoles for?

Absorption of water and nutrients

Removal of harmful microorganisms

Pumping out excess water from the cell

Exercising membrane muscles

44.

5 points

What are the basic structural and functional units of life?

Cells

Nucleoli

DNA and RNA

Nuclei

45.

5 points

During the process of cell reproduction, chromatin is condensed into what form?

DNA

rRNA

RNA

Chromosomes

46.

5 points

Which of the following functions are not carried out by proteins on the cell membrane?

Enzymatic activity

Transport

Intercellular junctions

Evasion of bacteria

Speeding of organelle functions

Anchoring to ECM and cytoskeleton

Cell-cell recognition

Signal transduction

47.

5 points

How does RNA leave the nuclear envelope?

Through cytoskeletal "tracks"

Through chromosomes

Through transport vessicles

Through pores in the nuclear envelope

48.

5 points

What do central vacuoles do?

Absorbs nutrients

Breaks down waste

Controls cell size

Stores water, pigments, ions, and toxins

49.

5 points

Which of the following are statements of the cell theory?

All living things are composed of cells

Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things

All cells come from pre-existing cells

All cells require energy to function

Cells must contain a form of nucleic acid

Cells are made up of matter, as opposed to spontaneously generated

50.

5 points

Passive transport __.

Uses pumps powered by cellular energy

Allows particles to drift to their destinations

Moves particles down a concentration gradient without using cellular energy

Doesn't feature any movement whatsoever