AP Biology Midterm Part 2

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?

In ecosystems, he is the term cycling used to describe material transfer, whereas the term flow is used for energy exchange?

Subtraction of which of th following will convert gross primary productivity into net primary productivity

You are studying a large tropical reptile that has a high and relatively stable body temperature. How would you determine whether this animal is an endotherm or an ectotherm

In a survivable cold environment, an ectotherm is more likely to survive an extended period of food deprivation than would an equally sized endotherm because the ectotherm

Among these choices, the least reliable indicator of an endotherm's metabolic rate is the amount of

The temperature-regulating center of vertebrate animals is located in the

An overheated and sick dog in a hot environment will have an impaired thermoregualtory response when its

Adaptive (specific) immunity depends on

The cells and signaling molecules that initiate inflammatory responses are

Which statement best describes the difference in responses of effector B cells (plasma cells) and cytotoxic T cells?

Clonal selection implies htat

The ability of one person to produce over a million different antibody molecules does not require over a million different genes; rather, this wide range of antibody production is due to

The MHC is in important in a T cells ability to

Arrange these components of the mammalian immune system as it first responds to a pathogen in the correct sequence
1. Pathogen is destroyed
2. Lymphocytes secrete antibodies
3. Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes
4. Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous
5. Only memory cells remain

Unlike most bony fishes, Sharks maintain body fluids that are isoosmotic to seawater, so they are considered by many to be osmoconformers. Nonetheless, these sharks osmoregualte at least partially by

A human who has no access to fresh water but it forced to drink seawater instead

The necropsy of a freshwater fish that died after being placed accidentally in saltwater would likely show that

The advantage of excreting nitrogenous wastes as urea rather than as ammonia is that

The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all of the following except

A primary reason that the kidneys have one of the highest metabolic rates of all body organs is that

Urea is produced in the

In a laboratory experiment with three groups of students, one group drinks pure water, a second group drinks an equal amount of beer and a third group drinks an equal amount of concentrated salt solution, all during the same time period. Greatest and least amount of urine?

If ATP production in a human kidney was suddenly halted, urine production would

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) functions at the cellular level by

Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in that

In a positive-feedback system where hormone A alters the amount of protein X

Testosterone is an example of a chemical signal that affects the very cells that synthesize it, the neighboring cells in the testis, along with distant cells outside the gonads. Testosterone is:

After eating a carbohydrate-rich meal, the mammalian pancreas increases its secretion of

During mammalian labor and delivery, the contraction of uterine muscles is enhanced by oxytocin. This is an example of:

An example of antagonistic hormones controlling homeostasis is

The reason that the steroid hormone aldosterone affects only a small number of cells in the body is that

Fight-or-flight reactions include activation of

What drives the flow of water through the xylem?

The value for water potential in root tissue was found to be -.15 mPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in s .1mPa solution of sucrose (-.23mPa) the net water flow would

In plant roots, the Casparian strip is correctly described by which of the following?

Which of the following has the lowest water potential?

The opening of stomata is thought to involve

Guard cells do which of the following

A plant seedling bends toward sunlight because

According to the acid growth hypothesis, auxin works by

If a short-day plant has a critical night length of 15 hours, then which of the following 24-hour cycles will prevent flowering?

a group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus. How many picograms would be found at the end of S and the end of G2?

The cyclin component MPF is destroyed toward the end of which phase?

Proteins that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and that show fluctuations in concentrations during the cell cycle, are called

A particular cyclin called cyclin E forms a complex with Cdk2. This complex is important for the progression of the cell from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. Which of the following statements is correct?

Density-dependent inhibition is explained by which of the following?

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n=16

After telophase 1 of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are beginning meiosis