Neurotherapeutics Exam 2 Review

Which of the following statements is true concerning feedforward control of movement?

How do hand movements influence smooth pursuit eye movements when following a target?

In addition to sensory information, which of the following brain areas is important to the control of feedback and/or feedforward control during reach and grasp of an object?

Clients who are unable to learn to make an anticipatory postural adjustment for a novel task would most likely have a lesion in which brain area?

A client presents with movement trajectories characterized by undershooting when moving slowly and decomposition of movement when reaching for a target. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the _________(GCS) which compiles a quantitative numeric score resulting in a subjective assignment according to the patient’s responses to the three specific activities of _______ Opening, Best __________, and _________ Response. The GCS has been extensively tested for interrater reliability with patients scoring a total of __________ are identified as having a coma and severe brain injuries, patients with moderate brain injuries score from __________, and those with mild brain injuries score from _____________.

A patient who did not open his eyes to his name being spoken to him loudly, but did for a short period when pinched on the forearm; displayed an upper extremity flexion pattern, and makes only incomprehensible sounds – would be classified in the GCS as:

A patient with TBI opens his eyes when you enter the room and say his name, maintains his arms in flexion and his legs in extension, and is disoriented when speaking to you. His Glasgow Coma Scale is:

Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to intracranial pressure (ICP)?

When working with a patient with TBI who is confused and agitated, the physical therapist should:

Which of the following is true with regard to positioning of patients with severe brain injuries and low response levels?

Which of the following is true with regard to the physical therapy examination of the confused and agitated patient?

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient is in a deep sleep and usually completely unresponsive to stimuli.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient follows simple directions consistently and shows some carryover for tasks such as self-care, but responses may be incorrect due to memory problems with past memory showing more depth than recent memory.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient reacts inconsistently and non-purposefully to stimuli in a non-specific manner which are often the same - such as physiological changes, gross body movements, and/or vocalization - regardless of stimulus presented.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

May follow simple commands such as closing eyes or squeezing hand in an inconsistent, delayed manner as they react more specifically, but inconsistently.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient is able to respond to simple commands fairly consistently, however with increased complexity of commands responses are fragmented. The verbalization is often inappropriate and confabulatory.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient shows carryover for new learning and needs no supervision once activities are learned, although may continue to show a decreased ability relative to premorbid status.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient's behavior is bizarre and non-purposeful relative to the immediate environment although they are often in a heightened state of activity but cannot discriminate between inanimate and animate objects. Verbalizations are frequently incoherent and/or inappropriate with confabulations.

Rancho Los Amigos Level of Cognitive Function (LOCF)

The patient appears appropriate and oriented and can go through a simple daily routine, but frequently "robot-like". They have minimal to no confusion, but have a shallow recall of activities and no carryover for new learning.

A lesion in what location will produce the following cerebellar signs/symptoms:
Nystagmus, dysequilibrium, truncal ataxia

A lesion in what location will produce the following cerebellar signs/symptoms:

Wide-based, staggering gait

A lesion in what location will produce the following cerebellar signs/symptoms:

Dysarthria

A lesion in what location will produce the following cerebellar signs/symptoms:

Dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetria, and action tremor

All of the following are NEUROMUSCULAR impairments commonly associated with traumatic brain injury EXCEPT:

All of the following are COGNITIVE impairments commonly associated with traumatic brain injury EXCEPT:

All of the following are NEUROBEHAVIORAL impairments commonly associated with traumatic brain injury EXCEPT:

Your patient displays the following: opens eyes to pain, has localized motor response and makes incomprehensible sounds. The correct GCS score for this patient would be:

Your patient displays the following: opens eyes to speech, follows motor commands and uses inappropriate words when speaking The correct GCS score for this patient would be:

Your patient displays the following: spontaneous eye opening, follows motor commands and displays confused conversation: The correct GCS score for this patient would be:

For a patient with a MILD TBI, post-traumatic amnesia is usually how long?

For a patient with a SEVERE TBI, loss off consciousness is usually how long?

For a patient with MODERATE TBI, alteration of consciousness is usually how long?

A patient with benign paroxysmal vertigo will have a normal gait pattern

A patient with a central lesion will often times have a positive Romberg test

A patient with an acute unilateral vestibular hypofunction will have a positive Romberg and Tandem Romberg test

A patient with unilateral vestibular hypofunction will display a wide-based, slow gait pattern with decreased arm swing and trunk rotation

A patient with a central lesion may have increased ataxia when turning their head and walking at the same time

A person with a central lesion may not be able to perform a single-legged stance

A person with peripheral vestibular pathology will have _____ ataxia.

A person with central vestibular pathology will be able to suppress their acute vertigo by fixating on a visual target

Autonomic nervous system symptoms resulting from brain injury include: (check all that apply)

Motor, functional, sensory, and perceptual changes resulting from brain injury include all of the following EXCEPT:

All of the following are cognitive, personality and behavioral changes resulting from brain injury EXCEPT:

Unlike connections with the cortex and other brain structures, cerebellar connections with lower structures are:

In the clinical setting regarding ROM devices, high force application is preferable because of the decreased risk of causing pain and possibly rupture of tissue as opposed to short-duration stretching which has an increased risk.

A benefit of dynamic splinting vs serial casting is:

The primary difference between serial casting and inhibitive casting is that inhibitive casting:

Common diagnoses that are appropriate for casting include: (Check all that apply)

All of the following are contraindications to casting EXCEPT: