Architectural styles

A _______ is an architectural style of house, typically two stories with the second story overhanging in the front.

Extremely popular in the Southwest, ________ homes date back to the early 20th century. The style was influenced by the ancient Pueblo Indians' simple multifamily homes. Earthy materials such as adobe, concrete, stucco or mortar, and large wood beams are used; enclosed courtyards and flat or sloping roofs are also typical. Rounded exteriors with square windows also reflect the appearance of original pueblos.

This New England Colonial style got its name because the sharply sloping gable roof that resembled the boxes used for storing salt. The step roofline often plunges from two and one-half stories in front to a single story in the rear. In Colonial times, the lower rear portion was often used as a partially enclosed shed, which was oriented north as a windbreak. These square or rectangular homes typically have a large central chimney and large, double-hung windows with shutters. Exterior walls are made of clapboard or shingles. In the South this style is known as a "cat's slide" and was a popular in the 1800s.

First built in the 1930s, ______ homes were originally modeled after rural Western homes.

_________comes from a variety of influences: Ancient Egypt, 1930s Hollywood and the tropical pastels of Miami Beach. Typical __________structures have flat roofs, smooth stucco walls with rounded corners and bold exterior decorations. The style is used more often for office buildings than private homes.

Inspired by Greek architecture and democracy, the ___________ style flourished in America in the 1830s and '40s. Tall columns and pediments, painted plaster exterior, horizontal transoms, symmetrical shape, bold moldings and embellishments are all key to the style. Large and imposing, this home style is commonly found on large estates and historic plantations.

__________ architecture emerged between 1830 and 1910 under the reign of Queen Victoria.

Settlers from the Mediterranean fused design from Europe and Native America with their own to create a variety of home styles. ___________l is one of the most popular, inspired by the Spanish churches built by the missionaries in the early 20th century.

Characteristic of _______ revival architecture includes steeply pitch roofs, usually with steep cross gables. Front gabled (main roof) or hipped are less common but are used. Gables commonly have decorative vergeboards and the wall surface extend into the gable or gables. Windows are commonly seen extended into gables (with or without the pointed arch or gothic shape pointed arch. One story porches (entry or full lenght) are usual and commonly supported by flattened _____ arches.

Built more out of a desire for ornamentation than functionality, the ______ style is loosely modeled after the villas of Italy. Most of the homes were built between the mid-to-late 1800s. Decorative corbels, window cornices, doorways and porches can easily identify an _________home, as can the rounded windows, columned entryways and rectangular windows.

A sub-style of the late Victorian era, _________ is a collection of coquettish detailing and eclectic materials. Steep cross-gabled roofs, towers, and vertical windows are all typical of a __________ home. Inventive, multistory floor plans often include projecting wings, several porches and balconies, and multiple chimneys with decorative chimney pots.

Developed in the Midwest by architectural trailblazer Frank Lloyd Wright, the _______style was built based on the idea that a home should serve all practical needs without being overly embellished or showy. It was influenced by the Arts and Crafts Movement and features many of the same concepts such as built-in furniture, simple materials and open floor plans.

Constructed out of new ideas, mindsets and a forward-thinking style, mid-century ________________ flourished from 1945 to the 1980s. Characterized by flat planes, large glass windows and open space, the style focused on simplistic design and seamless integration of nature. World War II brought new materials, such as steel and plywood, to the forefront of architecture and design, and helped to enlighten new ways of thinking about residential living.

Initiated by European architects--such as Mies van der Rohe--in the early 20th century, this is the style that introduced the idea of exposed functional building elements, such as elevator shafts, ground-to-ceiling plate glass windows, and smooth facades.

________ Colonial style of house began as one room for early American settlers. Easily recognized by the broad gambrel roof, the style typically features dormers, flared eaves extending over the porch and a decorative hood over the front entryway.

Popularized at the turn of the 20th century by architect and furniture designer Gustav Stickley in his magazine, The _______, the ________ reflected, said Stickley, "a house reduced to it's simplest form... its low, broad proportions and absolute lack of ornamentation gives it a character so natural and unaffected that it seems to... blend with any landscape."

The emphasis is on natural materials — wood, stone and brick. Wide front porches and low-pitched roofs are typical. The interior's open floor plan features built-in furniture, big fireplaces and exposed beams. This style of homes were born out of the Arts and Crafts Movement.

A Modern style that architects created to sequester certain living activities--such as sleeping or socializing--_________ offered an multilevel alternative to the ubiquitous style in the 1950s.

Popular in the Midwest and Northeast, this Victorian style was fashionable for public buildings during Ulysses S. Grant's presidency, but its elaborate, costly detail fell out of favor in the late 1800s for economic reasons. _______ homes feature windows, molded cornices, and decorative brackets under the eaves. One subtype sports a rectangular tower at the front and center of the structure.

This American style originated in cottages along the trendy, wealthy Northeastern coastal towns of Cape Cod, Long Island, and Newport in the late 19th century. Architectural publishers publicized it, but the style was never as popular around the country as the Queen Anne. ______ homes borrow wide porches, shingles, and asymmetrical forms from the Queen Anne.

Originating in England, the ______ style is one of the most recognizable home styles. Best known for steeply pitched, multi-gabled roofs and decorative half-timber framing, ______ were mostly built in established neighborhoods during the first half of the 20th century. The steep-pitched roofs are perfect for rainy and snowy climates, which is why many of these homes can be found in the Midwest and along the East Coast.

A reflection of American affluence and desire for elbow room, the _________ is big, inside and out. The __________ plan is all about uninterrupted flow: from kitchen to dining area to family room; from family room to deck; from master bedroom suite with walk-in closets to luxurious master baths with double sinks, separate shower and tub. It's a style as expansive and exuberant as the country in which it was created.

Although they borrow from the Georgian's classic lines, _________homes eschew ornamentation. They're symmetrical, two or three stories, and usually built in brick. Typically, they feature an octagonal window over the front door, one chimney at the side of the house, double-hung windows, and a hip roof. They've been built in the United States since the early 1800s.

Inspired by estates of the French countryside, the provincial style came to America after World War I, bringing with it decorative appeal and romantic touches. Today's newer suburban housing developments are incorporating the French provincial style with symmetrical proportions and steep roofs.

The first ________homes were built in the 1600s. They were inspired by Britain's thatched cottages, but built with steeper roofs and larger chimneys to withstand cold Northeastern winters.

The most common type of Colonial style is __________. Preceeding the Federal Colonial style, _________is much simpler in architecture. Like all Colonial styles, ___________ focuses on strict symmetry. It is typically a box shape and is adorned with windows, which are typically five across and shutters. The style also features a paneled front door below a decorative crown, which is usually framed by simple, sometimes flattened, columns.

The term_________ doesn't refer to style, but rather to location and function. They were originally built on rural land with an emphasis on an agrarian lifestyle. Many _________ were modeled after popular architectural styles at the time they were built, such as Victorian and Colonial. However, __________ were built for need rather than design, often featuring functional porches as a transitional space creating a much more informal and inviting exterior.

These narrow, rectangular one and one-half story houses originated in California during the 1880s as a reaction to the elaborate decoration of Victorian homes. The style then moved eastward to the Midwest in the early 20th century, where it remained popular until the Great Depression. __________have low-pitched gabled or hipped roofs and small covered porches at the entry. The style became so popular that you could order a _________ kit from Sears and Roebuck catalog. The name "_______" had its origins in India, where it indicated a small, thatched home.

With formal proportions and classic beauty, the ___________style reflects architecture of Greece and Rome. In the early 20th century, government buildings and universities used the ___________ concept in their design. Homes built in this style clearly exude wealth. Symmetry, tall columns, elaborate doorways and evenly spaced windows are all key elements of the style. The most famous example is Thomas Jefferson's Monticello in Virginia.

________architecture is most often characterized by evenly spaced shuttered windows. Dormers, columns and chimneys are also evenly proportioned to complement the formal style.