Exam II

An Olympic sprinter readies for a race. After the sound of the starting gun, he propels himself forward from the starting block and immediately grimaces in pain, grabbing for the back of his thigh. Within 48 hours he begins noticing extensive bruising on the back of his thigh extending into the back of the knee. He now has difficulty rising from a seated position and flexing his knee. Bending at the waist generates more pain. Which muscle is likely injured?

Which of the following individuals would have more mitochondria in her skeletal muscle?

Which muscle(s) can contract without the need for nervous stimulation?

Tennis elbow is a common term describing injury to which of the following?

which of the following is true regarding the levator scapulae?

if one nerve stimulus arrives at a muscle fiber so soon that the fiber has only partially relaxed from the previous twitch, the most likely result will be

Which of the following is very important for muscle to continue contraction during anaerobic respiration?

After childbirth a woman begins experiencing tremendous pain in her groin, making it difficult for her to walk. She has difficulty walking due to the pain. An X-ray shows a fracture extending from her symphysis pubis to the inferior ramus of the pubis. As a result of the fracture, which group of muscles might be impaired?

Which of the following best describes the insertion of the extensor digitorum?

In comparison to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle

A male sustains a crushing injury to his foot. After weeks of care, he begins to notice that he cannot bend the little toe on his right foot. A logical diagnosis would be

Athletes who train at high altitudes increase their red blood cell count and thus increase their oxygen supply during exercise. Increased oxygen supply results in

The muscles that laterally rotate and depress the scapula, as in shrugging and lowering the shoulders, are the

Creatine kinase

which one of these muscles helps to open the mouth (depress the mandible)?

A butcher who cuts the distal portion of his fingers may cut the

The absence or inhibition of acetylcholinesterase at a synapse would lead to which of the following?

which term below best describes the deltoid?

Release of acetylcholine at a neuromuscular junction

The contraction strength of smooth muscle is relatively independent of its resting length partly because

Which muscle acting on the arm assists in deep inspiration?

Which of the following would be caused by contraction of smooth muscle?

Exposure to Clostridium tetani causes continuous release of acetylcholine. What effect does this have on smooth muscle?

Drugs called calcium channel blockers may be used to lower blood pressure by causing arteries to vasodilate. These drugs

A skydiver's parachute fails to deploy. After some struggle, his reserve chute deploys in time to save his life. However, his landing is harder than normal and he feels his knee slightly hyperextend. He shakes it off and goes about his normal routine. Later that day he begins experiencing knee pain. Two days later he notices that his knee "pops" when he crouches and soon discovers he has dislocated his femur on the knee. What muscle was likely injured initially?

The aponeurosis of the external oblique forms the ________ at its inferior margin.

An injury that results in complete functional loss of the ulnar nerve will affect which of the following muscles?

Which of the following best describes the resting membrane potential (RMP)?

A clinician induces contraction of the gastrocnemius and soleus and notices that the foot does not plantar flex as expected. Which of the following would be a logical diagnosis?

Which of the following muscles is not externally visible on the trunk of the body?

Some people suffer involuntary urination because of incompetence of what muscle?

As you are lifting a box, someone places extra weight on top of it. For your muscle to continue contracting and lifting the box, the muscle must

A heavyset middle-aged insurance salesman who doesn't exercise often accepts his friend's invitation to a pickup basketball game. When attempting a jump shot, he falls to the ground in pain, grasping at the calf of his leg. There is an enormous bulge in his leg immediately below the knee, and he is unable to plantar flex that foot. Most likely he has injured his ___ and the bulge is ___.

In lifting a heavy weight from the floor, one should use the power of the ___ in order to avoid muscle strain in the lower back.

Cardiac muscle has very little capacity for regeneration because it lacks

A skateboarder falls and lands directly on his buttocks and lower back. He does not feel too much pain and so he continues skating. After a couple of days he begins experiencing right hip pain and notices his right foot and leg are rotated to the right. A doctor diagnoses muscle spasm. Which of the following muscles is most likely causing the leg and foot rotation?

Which of the following systems would provide energy for a racquetball player?

Carpal tunnel pressure is sometimes relieved by surgically excising part or all of which structure?

To stimulate muscle contraction, acetylcholine is released from the ___________ into the synaptic cleft.

Which of the following is true concerning isotonic eccentric contraction?

Which of the following muscles of facial expression is not innervated by the facial nerve?

what is the purpose of the triad

During muscle contraction, a single myosin head consumes ATP at a rate of about

While sitting at your desk, you drop your pencil onto the floor. you bend over to pick up the pencil. In order to straighten up and continue your exam you must use which of the following?

Which of the following correctly states the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

Which statement best describes the goal of medications used to treat myasthenia gravis?

After taking their wedding vows, a bride and groom often ceremonially use which of the following muscles before walking away from the altar?

Which fibers are primarily responsible for producing lactic acid?

In a whiplash injury, the neck undergoes forced hyperextension then hyperflexion, injuring multiple muscles in the neck. Which of the following muscles would be injured during the hyperextension phase of the injury?

The purpose of varicosities in motor nerve fibers in muscle physiology is