physical 1

1.

1 point

stress histories of weathering - proxies

2.

1 point

humid increase soil thickness, more weathering

3.

1 point

hurricane classification

4.

1 point

tectonics

5.

1 point

human impacts to rivers - deforestation, terracing, water transfers etc

6.

1 point

human impacts to rivers - deforestation, terracing, water transfers etc

7.

1 point

links between weathering and carbon cycle and climate change eg kump 2000 and ruddiman 1997

8.

1 point

tambora 1815 - lowered temp for a year

9.

1 point

younger fill - aggradation due to agri

10.

1 point

river terracing not just climate - also uplift

11.

1 point

river flow new england - high flow with greater height, high temp, south wind and NAO

12.

1 point

idea of convection currents in the mantle

13.

1 point

saraha dust - toms suggest two major sources

14.

1 point

global warming increases hurrican mag and frequency due to sst - index increased since 1970s

15.

1 point

volcanic eruptions

16.

1 point

aral sea due to irrigation and also climate change alter flow

17.

1 point

hurricanes getting stronger on average - 30 yr trend - more energy to convert to wind

18.

1 point

great man made river project - pipes to sahara from nubian aquifer

19.

1 point

stream power - power available
critical power - power needed

20.

1 point

indian ocean earthquake - 9.1mag, 283000 deaths, fault slip 15m

21.

1 point

aridity index - 41.3% global land below 1

22.

1 point

rills and gullys from in arid even if does not reach channel

23.

1 point

lake eyre eg of playa - very saline

24.

1 point

number of hurricanes - 47 hurricanes, 20 intense

25.

1 point

recent hurricane changes part of natural cycles - has happened before

26.

1 point

poor most vulnerable

27.

1 point

deserts will expand in future

28.

1 point

wessex basin - tectonics in britain

29.

1 point

66% chance intesity of hurricanes will increase

30.

1 point

calculate rate and direction of motion - sea floor moves away from ridge system 1-10cm yr-1

31.

1 point

aeolian vs fluvial - zone of max potential where neither dominates

32.

1 point

continental collision can lead to development of coastal settings eg gibraltar strait

33.

1 point

katrina 1833 dead, 275000 homes, 125billion dollard

34.

1 point

green sahara

35.

1 point

climate change - by 2100 1.4-5.8 rise

36.

1 point

climate change and pop pressure likely to affect biodiversity and salinisation

37.

1 point

evidence for tectonics - kolar schist belt

38.

1 point

s-n water transfer china, impacts on rivers

39.

1 point

human impacts to rivers - channelisation, straightening, management

40.

1 point

climate models show sst increase with enhanced gg - extend polewards

41.

1 point

changes in desserts due to increasing human pressure

42.

1 point

spain constantly eroded - agri on steep slopes and veg removal

43.

1 point

hurricane formation, risks and areas at risk

44.

1 point

first to develop pangea theory but not taken seriously

45.

1 point

feb 14 floods - impact of climate on rivers

46.

1 point

put all evidence together - theory of tectonics

47.

1 point

summer - mechanical and chemical weathering if water present

48.

1 point

hurricane formation - not over land

49.

1 point

health effects of dust in aral sea