ebp 2

1.

1 point

Which of the following describes single subject research?

Application of study findings is a common challenge

Treatment effect is studies by comparing the subject to himself/herself

Inter-subject variability is a disadvantage of this type of design

A large number of participants are studied to examine treatment effect

2.

1 point

Which statement is correct about repeated measures in single subject studies?

They are a strength of single subject research but have potential drawbacks

They are taken before and after the intervention, and maybe at a follow-up

The data derived are statistically independent from one another

Practicing effect positively alter the subject s performance on the measure

3.

1 point

Registration for My NCBI is free of charge.

True

False

4.

1 point

Which of the following is an example of push technology?

CINAHL

Journal TOC alert

MedLine

OT Search

5.

1 point

The consistency an outcome measure produces the same score when used by the same therapist on the same patient refers to—

Test retest reliability

Inter-rater reliability

Intra-rater reliability

Internal consistency reliability

6.

1 point

Which of the following statistic can be used to estimate pre-test probability of a diagnostic test?

Likelihood ratio

Prevalence

Positive predictive value

Post-test probability

7.

1 point

Which of the following does NOT belong to features of single subject research?

Involves controlled manipulation of intervention

Typically written retrospectively

Repeated measures

Involves only one subject

8.

1 point

Which of the following single subject design is most appropriate to determine effect of combination of interventions?

A-B-A design

A-B-A-B design

A-B design

A-B-A-C-A design

9.

1 point

What is the notation for intervention in single subject research?

R

B

A

X

10.

1 point

Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) are preferred statistic to measure reliability of outcome measurement tools with continuous data.

True

False

11.

1 point

Which of the following is INCORRECT about technology profile?

A select combination of technology resources used to support EBP

May reduce the likelihood of becoming overwhelmed by the number of resources available or of missing new technologies

Once carefully created, constant update is not required Once carefully created, constant update is not required

Suggested to consist of a balance of push and pull technologies and one reference management system

12.

1 point

When appraising single subject research, which of the following considerations is INCORRECT?

Identify the method of detrending data used in the study

Both graph and statistical results should be reported

If autocorrelation of data is statistically significant, further statistical analysis would be meaningful

Determine if any method of analyzing serial dependency is reported

13.

1 point

Which statement about two- standard deviation band is INCORRECT?

It assumes normal distribution of data

It is a statistical method used in combination with celebration line

Two lines are drawn at 1 standard deviation above and below the mean and extended to the treatment phase

By convention, if more than 2 data points are above or below the band, the change is considered statistically significant

14.

1 point

The type of reliability that refers to the extent to which multiple items of an outcome measure assesses the same construct is –

Inter-rater reliability

Intra-rater reliability

Test retest reliability

Internal consistency reliability

15.

1 point

Which of the following is an example of reference management systems?

OTSeeker

PsychLit

MedLine

EndNote

16.

1 point

When developing the clinical bottom line related to an intervention study, which of the following is INCORRECT?

Effect size is a way of determining clinical significance.

Magnitude of statistical significance makes better sense in determining clinical bottom line

Numbers needed to treat (NNTs) are useful information to determine clinical significance

Statistical significance means clinical significance

17.

1 point

Which statement is INCORRECT about reference management systems?

They allow users to quickly access articles for reference

They are technology resource to help restore search evidence for evidence-based practice

They allow users to easily create bibliographies

They are technology resources to retrieve information for a specific need on demand

18.

1 point

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT when determining cut-off values for diagnostic tests?

A general principle is to achieve a combination of highest sensitivity and specificity possible

The upper left corner of the ROC curve is the value associated with a combination of highest sensitivity and specificity

False positive and false negative always need to be treated as equally important

Cut-off values are needed for dichotomous decision making during the process of diagnosis

19.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT commonly used to improve the rigor of a single subject study?

Controlled manipulation of interventions

Random sampling

Have someone else other than the treatment therapist to measure the subject during the study

Use valid and reliable measurement tools

20.

1 point

There is no hierarchy of best type of qualitative design.

True

False

21.

1 point

Visual analysis is evidently sufficient for reporting findings of single subject studies.

True

False

22.

1 point

Which of the following single subject design can most fully determine the effects of one intervention?

A-B-A design

A-B design

A-B-A-B design

A-B-A-C-A design

23.

1 point

Which of the following is an example of pull technology?

Podcasts

My NCBI

RefWorks

RSS feeds

24.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT included in the recommended EBP technology profile?

Pull technology

Reference management system

Push technology

Evidence cart

25.

1 point

When appraising research studies examining diagnostic tests, which of the following situations is NOT a sign of study with good quality?

Both of the tests have good intra-rater reliability

Besides the index test, a gold standard test with the same purpose was used in the study.

Both of the tests were administered by the same assessor

All participants received both the index and the gold standard tests

26.

1 point

Which of the following statistic is most appropriate to use when communicating research evidence about a diagnostic test to patients?

Positive likelihood ratio

Positive predictive value

Sensitivity

Post-test probability

27.

1 point

Concurrent validity is a type of –

Criterion validity

Content validity

Construct validity

Convergent validity

28.

1 point

The treatment effects of single subject research are not as powerful as studies involved with a group of participants.

True

False

29.

1 point

PubMed is a search engine for MedLine

True

False

30.

1 point

Which of the following is INCORRECT about the celebration line in single subject research?

It assists in the visual interpretation of the data in the treatment phase in comparison to the data in the baseline phase

The slope of the celeration line represents the rate of change during the baseline phase

It is a best fit line through the data in the treatment phase extended retrospectively to the baseline phase

This technique assumes a linear trend among data

31.

1 point

In the Interactive Nomogram on the web site of CEBM Oxford UK, what statistic does the red arrow represent?

Prevalence

Pretest probability

Likelihood ratio

Post-test probability

32.

1 point

Which of the following method can be used to determine post-test probability of a diagnostic test?

Forest plot

Nomogram

Bell distribution

ROC curve