Chapt17

1.

1 point

Vitamin that plays the role of a coenzyme in amino acid and lipid metabolism is

vitamin k

vitamin a

vitamin d

vitamin B6

2.

1 point

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree is the

calorie

cation

metabolism

ion

3.

1 point

Process that breaks down organic substrates, releasing energy that can be used to synthesize ATP or other high energy compounds is

catabolism

anabolism

metabolism

oxidation

4.

1 point

Foods that are low in fats, calories, and proteins are

vegetables and fruits

meat, poultry, fish

milk and cheese

breads, cereals, rice

5.

1 point

Peripheral blood vessel dilation, increased depth of respiration, and increased perspiration are homeostatic responses that promote heat

both

loss

gain

neither

6.

1 point

Only parts of a nucleotide of RNA that can provide energy when broken down are the

sugars, cytosine, uracil

purines and pyrimidines

sugars, adenine, guanine

sugars and phosphates

7.

1 point

An individual's basal metabolic rate ideally represents

genetic differences among ethnic groups

the minimum resting energy expenditure of an awake, alert person

a measurement of the daily energy expenditures for a given individual

the amounts of circulating hormones in the body

8.

1 point

Vitamin that is a coenzyme in amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism is

folic acid

copper

calcium

iron

9.

1 point

In the elderly, the supplement that may be needed to absorb calcium is

Selenum

Vitamin D3

Vitamin C

Zinc

10.

1 point

Lipids that can diffuse easily across cell membranes are

low-density lipoproteins

high-density lipoproteins

free fatty acids

chylomicrons

11.

1 point

Foods that are deficient in dietary fiber are

breads and cereals

rice and pasta

milk and meat

vegetables and fruits

12.

1 point

All cells synthesize RNA, but DNA synthesis occurs only in

lymph and cerebrospinal fluid

red blood cells

cells that are preparing for mitosis or meiosis

the bone marrow

13.

1 point

The major anion in body fluids is

calcium ion

anion

cation

chloride ion

14.

1 point

CO2 released during cellular respiration is formed during

glycolysis

the citric acid cycle

formation of pyruvic acid

electron transport

15.

1 point

For each decade after 50, caloric requirements decrease by

5 percent

10 percent

20 percent

15 percent

16.

1 point

Provide energy that supports cellular operations

proteins

Mitochondria

machrophages

citric acid

17.

1 point

Sum of all varied anabolic and catabolic processes occurring in the body represents a

bioenergetic condition

metabolic rate

thermoregulatory status

physiological condition

18.

1 point

A mineral that is necessary component of high energy compounds and nucleic acids, and is a structural component of bone, is

phosphorous

iron

calcium

vitamin a

19.

1 point

Purpose of anabolic metabolism

produce secretions

support growth and perform structural repairs

all of the above

build nutrient reserves

20.

1 point

In the process of cellular respiration, each molecule of glucose metabolized releases enough energy to form ____ molecules of ATP

2

4

38

36

21.

1 point

Vitamin required for the synthesis of visual pigments is

calcium

vitamin d

iron

vitamin a

22.

1 point

An individual's metabolic state may be expressed as

calories per day

all of the above

calories per hour

calories per unit of body weight per day

23.

1 point

A cell with excess carbs, lipids, and amino acids that needs energy will

break down carbs first

rely on lipids as an energy source

use amino acids as a source of energy

decrease its ability to utilize its energy resources

24.

1 point

In the elderly, changes in nutrition and health are related to

changes in lifestyle

all of the above

income

eating habits

25.

1 point

All cells synthesize RNA, but DNA synthesis only occurs in

lymph and cerebrospinal fluid

cells that are preparing for mitosis or meiosis

bone marrow

red blood cells

26.

1 point

Most abundant type of lipid in the body

lipid

Triglycerides

proteins

HCL

27.

1 point

The mitochondrial activity responsible for ATP production is called

deamination

cellular respiration

beta-oxidation

glycolysis

28.

1 point

During glycolysis, each molecule of glucose metabolized releases enough energy to form a net gain of _____ molecules of ATP

4

36

2

38

29.

1 point

4 processes involved in heat exchange with the environment

radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation

sensible, insensible, heat loss, heat gain

thermogenesis, dynamic action, pyrexia, thermalphasic

physiological, behavioral, generational, acclimatization

30.

1 point

Decrease in caloric requirements with aging is associated with changes in

all of the above

metabolic rates

exercise tolerance

body mass

31.

1 point

Minerals, vitamins, and water are classified as essential nutrients because

the body cannot synthesize them in sufficient quantities

they are used by the body in large quantities

all of the above

they are major providers of calories for the body

32.

1 point

Mineral that is a necessary cofactor for hemoglobin synthesis is

vitamin k

copper

vitamin d

iron

33.

1 point

Mineral that is a component of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes is

iron

vitamin d

vitamin a

copper

34.

1 point

Even if a cell is dying of starvation, the nucleic acid it never metabolizes for energy is

DNA

mRNA

rRNA

tRNA

35.

1 point

The major mineral essential for normal muscle and neuron function, and normal bone structure is

calcium

iron

copper

phosphorus

36.

1 point

Metabolism is

all of the chemical reactions that occur in the body

the synthesis of organic molecules

breakdown of organic molecules

performance of essential functions