Chapter 8 and 10 Study Guide

1.

1 point

What is the typical life span of a red blood cell?

30 days

90 days

60 days

120 days

2.

1 point

Your patient has several broken ribs and his breathing is shallow and growing more difficult. Which of the following is MOST likely occurring?

He is accumulating mucus in the airways

He has a decreased in tidal volume

His respiratory rate is slowing

He has an increase in dead space in the airways

3.

1 point

. In which of the following conditions would the tissues require more oxygen?

During sleep

At sea level

Presence of fever

Aerobic metabolism

4.

1 point

Which of the following substances is lacking in anaerobic metabolism?

Protein

Glucose

Oxygen

Lactic acid

5.

1 point

Which of the following patients would be expected to have a higher hematocrit count?

One who has iron poor anemia.

A patient who has hepatitis B.

Someone who lives at high altitude.

A trauma patient who has lost a lot of blood.

6.

1 point

Which of the following are located within the retroperitoneal space and not within the peritoneal cavity?

Gall bladder

Liver

Appendix

Pancreas

7.

1 point

What is the more common name for the alimentary canal?

Peritoneum

Cecum

Ear canal

Digestive tract

8.

1 point

The partial pressure of the oxygen in a mixture of gases is abbreviated as:

PaCO2

SRV

SpO2

PaO2

9.

1 point

An example of flat bones includes which of the following?

Scapula

Phalanges

Femur

Metacarpals

10.

1 point

Which of the following is responsible for chemical food digestion food and nutrient absorption?

Duodenum

Large intestin

Small intestine

Stomach

11.

1 point

Which of the following are cell fragments that are attracted to injured tissues to initiate the blood clotting process?

Platelets

Red blood cells

Erythrocytes

White blood cells

12.

1 point

Where are flagellated cells found?

Sperm

Kidneys

Brain tissue

Capillary beds

13.

1 point

What is the waste product formed by the breakdown of pigment in old red blood cells?

Pyritic acid

Carbon dioxide

Bilirubin

Lactic acid

14.

1 point

Swelling from edema within the airway structures is the MOST common cause of:

decreased blood pressure

increased compliance

increased pulse oximeter readings

decreased external respiration

15.

1 point

Signs of parasympathetic nervous system response include:

constricted pupils

vasoconstriction

increased heart rate

slowdown of digestion

16.

1 point

Which of the following allows for smooth movement of bone surfaces against one another at joints?

Peritoneum

Cartilage

Smooth muscle

Ligaments

17.

1 point

Which of the following organ’s function is to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, maintain blood pressure, and filter waste products from the blood?

Liver

Spleen

Heart

Kidneys

18.

1 point

Under normal circumstances, the respiratory rate increases in response to:

a rise in blood pressure

increased oxygen saturation

increased carbon dioxide produciton

rising pH values in the blood

19.

1 point

Hypoxia becomes the main stimulus for ventilation rather than hypercarbia in patient with:

cirrhosis of the liver.

blepharoptosis.

a history of cardiac problems

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

20.

1 point

Which of the following is a powerful enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach?

Pepsin

Chyme

Pepsinogen

Gastrin

21.

1 point

Which of the following structures connect bone ends, making joints more stable?

Cartilage

Ligaments

Tendons

Periosteum

22.

1 point

Which of the following would be part of good homeostatic balance for an adult?

A blood glucose reading of 45 mg/dL

A person with an arterial blood pH of 7.38

An acute onset of altered mental status

A pulse rate of 134 and blood pressure of 110/80

23.

1 point

. Which of the following BEST demonstrates the importance of understanding the basics of pathophysiology?

) AEMT’s are better able to suggest positive lifestyle changes for their patients

Good documentation is dependent on understanding pathophysiology.

Discovering and reversing the cause of a patient’s problem may be life saving.

Knowing how to treat symptoms is more important than knowing the cause.

24.

1 point

Which statement is MOST correct relating to patient oxygenation concepts?

The FiO2 is the fraction of oxygen delivered to a patient via bag-valve-mask.

Ambient air at sea level contains 79 percent oxygen and has a partial pressure of 597 mmHg.

The partial pressure of oxygen is 159 mmHg at sea level (760 mmHg x 0.21).

The concentration of oxygen in ambient air has little impact on total oxygen in the blood.

25.

1 point

For cells to undergo the process of aerobic metabolism, the cells require:

glucose and protein

water and oxygen

oxygen and glucose

ATP and lactic acid

26.

1 point

The sympathetic chain ganglia are found:

at the arch of the aorta and the carotid bodies

in the arachnoid fibers of the brain tissue

between the pericardium and the endocardium

on either side of and parallel to the spinal column

27.

1 point

What happens when a cell has to use anaerobic metabolism to make glucose?

Oxygen and water are created.

Electrolytes in the cell become balanced.

Carbon dioxide and water are formed.

Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid.

28.

1 point

The relationship between alveolar blood flow and alveolar airflow is called the:

ventilation–perfusion ratio.

oxyhemoglobin ratio.

gas/flow ratio

Boyle/Warren ratio.

29.

1 point

What is the type of cell that destroys excess bone?

Osteoblasts

Osteoclast

Marcophages

Monoblast

30.

1 point

Which of the following hormones increases the metabolic rate, heart rate and body temperature?

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Insulin

Growth hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone

31.

1 point

. An accumulation of bilirubin is often found in patients with:

pulmonary edema

cirrhosis of the liver

carbon monoxide posioning

type 2 diabetes

32.

1 point

Which of the following substances is lacking in anaerobic metabolism?

Glucose

Lactic acid

Oxygen

Protein

33.

1 point

Which of the following is TRUE regarding mature red blood cells?

They have no nucleus.

Their red color indicates lack of oxygen.

They are devoid of hemoglobin.

They are often sickle shaped.

34.

1 point

Which of the following glands haveBOTH endocrine and exocrine roles?

Parathyroid

Thyroid

Pituitary

Pancreas

35.

1 point

What is the inner layer of the uterus called?

Myometrium

Endometrium

Perimetrium

Fimbriae

36.

1 point

Perfusion is BEST described as the:

delivery of adequate oxygenated blood to the cells to meet their metabolic needs.

adequate number of hemoglobin molecules to carry oxygen to the cells.

delivery of oxygen to the alveoli to be picked up by the white blood cells.

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the blood.

37.

1 point

Which of the following is another way of describing the condition of shock?

Hypotension

Hemorrhage

Hypoperfusion

Internal bleeding

38.

1 point

The diaphysis, epiphyses, and the metaphysis are all parts of what kind of bone?

Long

Irregular

Short

Flat

39.

1 point

Which of the following organs secrete substantial amounts of bicarbonate into the duodenum to neutralize the acidity of the chime?

Spleen

Pancreas

Gall bladder

Liver

40.

1 point

. Which of the following organs receive all the blood returning from the digestive tract via the hepatic circulation?

Lungs

Liver

Kidneys

Spleen

41.

1 point

What does a pulmonary function test measure?

The percentage of inspired oxygen

The pressure at the alveolar level

The volume of air inhaled and exhaled

The maximum volume of air in the lungs

42.

1 point

Which of the following is CORRECT regarding stroke volume?

Tachycardia over 150 bpm increases stroke volume.

Stroke volume has no effect on cardiac perfusion.

Increased stroke volume leads to increased pulse rate.

Stroke volume fails to compensate if the heart rate falls under 50 bpm.

43.

1 point

Which of the following blood types have NO antigens?

B

O

AB

A

44.

1 point

The movement of ions across the cell membrane is needed to accomplish repolarization. What cell structure makes depolarization possible?

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Endoplasmic reticulum

Sodium potassium pump

45.

1 point

The volume of air inhaled in a typical breath is the:

vital capacity

residulal volume

minute volume

tidal volume

46.

1 point

In what part of the kidney is waste filtered from the blood?

Islets of Langerhans

Loop of Henle

Renal calyx

Renal corpuscle

47.

1 point

. A patient tells you she is feeling weak and she has a history of low iron This is a concern for the AEMT because iron is needed:

to maintain an adequate blood pressure

to assist in formation of blood clots

for oxygen transport and energy capture

for formation of white blood cells to fight infection.

48.

1 point

. Which of the following blood types is considered the universal recipient?

AB

B

O

A

49.

1 point

. Under normal circumstances, carbon dioxide is removed from the body by which structure?

Urinary tract

Lungs

Kidneys

Hepatic vein

50.

1 point

. A patient who is hypoxic has a pulmonary disease that involves low lung compliance. As such, you realize:

ventilation with a bag-valve-mask will require more effort.

the patient has tremendous swelling to the smaller airways.

the lung is easily over-inflated which can cause tissue damage.

oxygen and carbon dioxide cannot easily be exchanged in the alveoli.