o The City

1.

4 points

Which of the following was not among the major new research universities founded in the post-Civil War era?

Harvard University

The University of California

The University of Chicago

Stanford University

2.

4 points

Booker T. Washington believed that the key to political and civil rights for African Americans was

economic independence and education in agriculture and the trades.

rigorous academic training.

the rejection of accommodationist attitudes.

the adoption of Socialism in the United States.

3.

4 points

The development of electric trolleys in the late nineteenth century transformed the American city into a compact and communal "walking city."

enabling cities to build upward as well as outward.

separating the mass transportation of the working class from the private vehicles of the wealthy.

enabling cities to plan streets along the regular grid irons.

creating districts devoted to residential neighborhoods, commerce, and industry.

4.

4 points

Most Italian immigrants to the United States between 1880 and 1920 came to escape

the poverty and backwardness of southern Italy.

political oppression.

famine.

the military draft.

5.

4 points

New Immigrant groups were regarded with special hostility by many nativist Americans because

most immigrants considered Italian, Greek, or Jewish culture inferior to their own.

many new immigrants attempted to convert Americans to Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity, or Judaism.

in many New Immigrant families, women were kept in distinctly subordinate roles.

their religions were distinctly and some New Immigrants were politically radical.

6.

4 points

The new, research-oriented modern American university tended to

give a new emphasis to the importance of religion and culture tradition.

take the lead in movements of social and political reform.

de-emphasize religious and moral instruction in favor of practical subjects and professional specialization.

challenge Charles Darwin's theory of organic evolution and natural selection.

7.

4 points

The growing prohibition movement especially reflected the concerns of

the new immigrants.

big business.

the poor and working classes.

middle class women.

8.

4 points

Settlement houses, such as Hull House, engaged in all of the following activities except

instruction in English.

lobbying for social reform.

evangelical religious instruction.

cultural activities.

9.

4 points

In the new urban environment, most liberal Protestants

were driven out of mainstream seminaries and colleges.

believed that a final Judgment Day was coming soon.

welcomed ecumenical conversations with Roman Catholics.

rejected biblical literalism and adapted religious ideas to modern culture.

10.

4 points

The Morrill Act of 1862

granted public lands to support higher education.

established women's colleges like Smith.

established black colleges like Spelman.

established the modern American research university.

11.

4 points

The intellectual development that seriously disturbed the churches in the late nineteenth century was

growing awareness of non-Christian religions

growing feminist assault on theories of male superiority.

rise of Socialism and anarchism.

biology of Charles Darwin.

12.

4 points

The move to cities led to what major and enduring change in American lifestyles?

Delayed marriages.

Fragmented family life.

More waste and the need for waste disposal.

An emphasis on thrift.

13.

4 points

The Darwinian theory of organic evolution through natural selection affected American religion by

turning most scientists against religion.

creating a split between religious conservatives who denied evolution and accomodationists who supported it.

causing a revival of the doctrine of original sin.

sparking the rise of new denominations based on modern science.

14.

4 points

All of these factors that increasingly made cities more attractive than farms for young adults except

the advent of skyscrapers and suspension bridges.

urban nightlife

industrial jobs.

the lower cost of living.

15.

4 points

American cities increasingly abandoned wooden construction for brick and steel in their downtown districts after

the great Chicago fire of 1871.

wooden tenements collapsed in the New York inner city in the 1880s.

the cost of brick and steel dropped markedly in the 1870s.

brickmaking became cheaper and iron was superseded my more durable steel for construction purposes.

16.

4 points

Prominent liberal Protestant pastors like Walter Rauschenbusch and Washington Gladden argued that

the ancient Bible should be replaced by more modern scientific sociology and social theory.

the Christian Gospel required that churches address poverty and other burning social issues of the day.

it was up to women to lead the church in an age of industrial democracy.

the clergy should become the advance guard of a militant working class revolution.

17.

4 points

by 1900, advocates of women's suffrage

had abandoned the effort to persuade western states to grant women the right to vote.

formed strong alliances with African Americans seeking voting rights.

insisted on inherent political and moral equality of men and women.

argued that the vote would enable women to extend their roles as mothers and homemakers to the public world.

18.

4 points

The pragmatists were a school of American philosophers who emphasized

the provisional and fallible nature of knowledge and the value of ideas that solved problems.

that most academic knowledge was based on bourgeois ideas that oppressed the working class.

that the traditional Greek ideas of Plato and Aristotle should be revived.

that scientific experimentation provided a new and absolutely certain basis for knowledge.

19.

4 points

Most new immigrants

eventually returned to their country of origin.

tried to preserve their Old Country culture in America.

quickly assimilated into the mainstream of American life.

converted to mainstream Protestantism.

20.

4 points

Two immigrant ethnic groups who were most harshly treated in the mid to late nineteenth century were the

Spanish and Portuguese.

Irish and Chinese.

Germans and Italians.

Slavs and Russians

21.

4 points

By the late nineteenth century, most of the old Immigrant groups from Northern and Western Europe

actively promoted the idea of multicultural America.

were still regarded with suspicion and hostility by a majority of native Americans.

had largely abandoned their ethnically based churches, clubs, and neighborhoods.

were largely accepted as American, even thought they often lived in separate ethic neighborhoods.

22.

4 points

Americans offered growing support for a free public education system

when private schools begin to fold.

when the Chautauqua movement began to decline.

because they accepted the idea that a free government cannot function without educated citizens.

because they were universally horrified by child labor abuses.

23.

4 points

The National American Woman Suffrage Association

believed that the struggle for women's right to vote should be secondary to improving women's economic status in life.

abandoned the goals of Susan Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

elected Ira B. Wells as its president.

limited its membership to whites excluding all blacks from membership.

24.

4 points

The major factor in drawing people off the farms and into the big cities was the

consecutive years of drought in the Midwest and west in the post-Civil War era.

availability of industrial jobs.

compact nature of those large communities.

lure of cultural excitement.

25.

4 points

Black leader, Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois

demanded complete equality for African Americans.

established and industrial school at Tuskegee, Alabama.

supported the goals of Booker T. Washington.

maintained his American citizenship and residence in the United States, throughout his life, despite his profound anger and disappointment with the absence of black economic and social equality in the country.