VASC 2 TEST 1 (PART 1)

1.

1 point

The GSV:

originates along the medial dorsum of the foot

passes superiorly, anterior to the medial malleolus

is accompanied by the saphenous nerve

receives tributaries from all surfaces of the lower extremity

all of the above

2.

1 point

Which of the following is not correct regarding the GSV?

It passes superiorly on the lateral side of the knee

it passes superiorly on the medial side of the thigh

it enters the common femoral vein

it extends distally to the dorsum of the foot

it has more valves in the calf than in the thigh

3.

1 point

The superficial vein that sends flow to the 3 main perforating veins of the distal calf is called:

SSV

Posterior Accesory Vein (aka Posterior ARCH v.)

Peroneal v.

Perforator Trunk v.

Medial Malleolar v.

4.

1 point

The paratibial perforating veins (aka Boyds) are located:

in the lower calf

in the distal thigh

in the proximal thigh

on the dorsum of the foot

below the knee

5.

1 point

The left Common Illiac Vein:

crosses anterior to the left common iliac artery just distal to the aortic bifurcation

crosses anterior to the right common iliac a. just distal to the aortic bifurcation

crosses posterior to the left common iliac a. just distal to the aortic bifurcation

crosses posterior to the right common ilial artery just distal to the aortic bifurcation

does not cross either common iliac artery

6.

1 point

The brachial v. connect the:

Ulnar and Radial v. to the Axillary v.

Ulnar v. and Radial v. to the Subclavian v.

Ulnar v. to the Cephalic v.

Radial v. to the Subclavian v.

Radial v. to Axillary v.

7.

1 point

Of the following vein segments, which is images least commonly?

distal femoral v.

proximal deep femoral v.

distal deep femoral v.

distal popliteal v.

common femoral v.

8.

1 point

the term "muscle pump" refers to:

the ventricles of the heart

the RA of the heart

the calf muscles

the pulmonary arteries

the veins in the groin

9.

1 point

Which vein in the antecubital fossa connects the cephalic and basilic veins?

Axillary v.

Median Cubital v.

Cephalic v.

Basilic v.

Ulnar v.

10.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT a deep vein in the upper extremity?

Ulnar v.

Cephalic v.

Axillary v.

Radial v.

Brachial v.

11.

1 point

The brachiocephalic vein is found:

only on the right side

only on the left side

on both the left and right sides

there is no such vein; it is called "innominate"

This vein is located centrally in the cranium

12.

1 point

which of the following vessels joins the brachial veins to form the axillary v.?

Subclavian v.

Innominate v.

Cephalic v.

Basilic v.

Ulnar v.

13.

1 point

Muscular veins of the calf that empty into the popliteal v. behind the knee are:

Soleal sinuses

Femoral v.

Adductor v.

Gastrocnemius v.

Perforating v.

14.

1 point

Compared to the arteries, veins have:

thicker, more muscular walls

thicker intima

thicker adventitia and media

thinner intima

thinner adventitia and media

15.

1 point

Regarding venous valves, which is false?

essential to muscle pump

bicuspid

endothelial tissue

allow flow only away from the heart

have sinuses to facilitate closure

16.

1 point

Peripheral resistance increases with:

greater length, smaller diameter, and lower blood viscosity

greater length, larger diameter, and higher blood viscosity

shorter length, larger diameter, and lower blood viscosity

shorter length, smaller diameter, and lower blood viscosity

greater length, smaller diameter, and higher blood viscosity

17.

1 point

The smallest vessels in the body are:

arterioles

venules

capillaries

intimas

adventitas

18.

1 point

the term tunica adventitia denotes:

the inner lining of the arterial wall

the outer lining of the arterial wall

transverse arterial muscle fibers

the intimal wall

the middle layer of the arterial wall

19.

1 point

the term tunica intima denotes:

the inner lining of the arterial wall

the outer lining of the arterial wall

transverse arterial muscle fibers

longitudinal muscle fibers

the middle layer of the arterial wall

20.

1 point

the blood supply to vascular tissue is provided by:

media perforators

vasa vasorum

osmosis across the intimia only

septal capillary networks

tunica vasum

21.

1 point

the layer of arterial or venous wall composed of entirely endothelial cells is the:

tunica adventitia

tunica media

tunica intima

no layer is composed of only one type of tissue

each layer is composed entirely of endothelial tissue

22.

1 point

regarding capillaries, which is false?

the only have intima and adventitia layers

they measure approx. 8 microns in diameter

the transit time of blood through capillaries is approx 1-3 seconds

they lose fluid at the arteriolar end

the resorb fluid at the venular end

23.

1 point

a venule contains which vessel layers?

Tunica adventitia, tunica media, tunica intima

tunica adventitia, tunica media

tunica adventitia, tunica intima

tunica media, tunica intima

tunica media, tunica andventitia

24.

1 point

which of these Px would be LEAST likely to be at high risk for DVT?

62 y.o. woman w/ a fractured hip

36 y.o. man w/ Hodgkins disease

75 y.o. woman admitted for TIA

18 y.o. male recovering form multiple injuries sustained in an accident

72 y.o. overweight woman w/ CHF

25.

1 point

the primary concern in Px w/ actute DVT is:

damage to venous valves may occur

PE may occur

venous HTN may occlude arterial inflow

extension of DVT may occlude superficial veins

DVT causes the Px severe pain

26.

1 point

some causes of DVT may be:

trauma

hypercoagulability

extrensic compression upon deep veins

lymphangitis

All except D (Lymphangitis)

27.

1 point

the greatest pressure of venous HTN in secondary varicose vein occurs:

at rest

during muscle contraction

during muscle relaxation

whild standing quietly

while sleeping

28.

1 point

select the factor least likely to contribute to DVT

diabetes

pelvic mass

previous DVT

hip replacement surgery

pregnancy and delivery

29.

1 point

Virchows Triad includes:

aging, cancer, and bed rest

stasis, increased thrombogensis, and aging

stasis, aging and venous injury

aging, hypercoaguability and intimal injury

stasis, hypercoaguability and intimal injury

30.

1 point

which is NOT a risk factor for DVT

cancer

surgery

age

smoking

bed rest

31.

1 point

what percentage of pulmonary emboli originates from lower extremity deep venous thrombosis?

>90%

75%

about 50%

25%

10-15%

32.

1 point

the vascular technologist knows that chronic venous insufficiency and ulceration are:

chronic but controllable

curable and controllable

chronic and uncontrollable

uncontrollable only

always severly disabling

33.

1 point

lymphedema may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:

obesity

trauma or surgical excision of the lymph pathways

infection

inflammation

radiation and chemotherapy

34.

1 point

a varicose vein is most often:

a dilatation of a perforating vein

a dilatation of the SSV

a jugular vein aneurysm

a popliteal vein aneurysm

a dilatation of the GSV or superficial tributary

35.

1 point

varices resulting from deep-venous valvular insufficiency and incompetent perforators are called:

primary varices

secondary varices

congenital varices

genicular varices

spider veins

36.

1 point

a bakers cyst is a collection of:

synovial fluid from the knee joint

red blood cells in a venous sinus

interstitial fluid along the fascial border

fibrous tissue just beneath the skin

white cells and other debris along an infected graft

37.

1 point

a thrombus is found in a gastrocnemius muscular vein approximately a third of the way down the calf from the knee. if this were to propagate proximally, it would next invlove

PTV

ATV

Peroneal v.

Pop v.

The Superficial v.

38.

1 point

a thrombus is found in a soleal v. , a bit proximal to mid calf. if this were to propagate, it would next involve:

PTV

ATV

Pop v.

Posterior Arch v.

GSV

39.

1 point

approx. what percentage of untreated calf-vein thrombosis is thought to propagate to a proximal level (i.e. popliteal or above)?

3-5%

15-20%

50-60%

more than 90%

all calf vein thrombosis propagates at least to the popliteal level

40.

1 point

one complication of deep venous recanalization is:

damage to venous valves, allowing reflux

embolization of thrombus

less prominent superficial veins

pain in the area of thrombus

thickening of toenails and loss of hair growth

41.

1 point

2 wks after a fracture of the femur a 33-year-old female seen for swelling of the calf of the same leg. The preliminary diagnosis, prior to the performance of any noninvasive testing, should include:

arteriovenous fistula

deep venous thrombosis

popliteal entrapment

A & B (AV fistula and dvt)

all three

42.

1 point

Symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency might result from all except:

calf-vein thrombosis

popliteal vein thrombosis

superficial insufficiency

illiac v. thrombosis

gastrocnemius muscular thrombosis

43.

1 point

? patients suspected of having venous disease they complained of pain that is

only during the day

not constant

relieved by elevation

not relieved by elevation

mostly felt at night

44.

1 point

Patients complaining of pain, swelling, and erythema of the lower extremity may have DVT, but the vascular technologist knows a diagnosis DVT by the symptoms alone is approximately

20-25% accurate

46-62% accurate

75-80% accurate

85-90% accurate

95-100% accurate

45.

1 point

Edema caused by the venous thrombosis is characterized by:

swelling of the feet

swelling in the ankles adn feet

swelling in teh ankles, legs and feet

swelling in the ankles and legs but not in the feet

swelling in the groin

46.

1 point

All of the following are causes of or risk factors for acute deep venous thrombosis except:

trauma

extrinsic compression upon deep veins

hypercoaguability

arthritis

cancer

47.

1 point

Complaints of chronic unilateral lower extremity swelling, aching, and a sense of heaviness most likely suggest:

primary varicose veins

venous ulceration

cardiac / systemic origin

lipidemia

postphlebetic syndrome

48.

1 point

A patient with chronic venous insufficiency complains of sudden onset of edema and pain in the affected leg. This may be related to:

it is probably not vein-related

lymphedema secondary to chronic venous occlusion

elevated right heart pressures

failure to wear surgical support stockings

recurrence of acute DVT

49.

1 point

Pitting edema of both lower extremities is likely related to:

secondary varicose veins

primary varicose veins

lipidemia

cardiac or systemic origin

DVT

50.

1 point

derp

this one