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Ch 10 Vocab

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1.
2 points
Scandinavian raiders who had an impact on much of Western Europe in the late eighth to eleventh centuries; their more peaceful cousins also founded colonies, including Newfoundland, Greenland, and Iceland.
2.
2 points
Form of liquid fire that could be sprayed at the enemy; invented by the Byzantines and very important in their efforts to halt the Arab advance into Byzantine territory
3.
2 points
King of Germany (r. 936–973) who built a consolidated German–northern Italian state and was crowned emperor in 962, creating what became known in time as the “Holy Roman Empire.”
4.
2 points
Grand prince of Kiev (r. 978–1015 c.e.) whose conversion to Orthodox Christianity led to the incorporation of Russia into the sphere of Eastern Orthodoxy.
5.
2 points
Term used by modern historians to refer to the surviving eastern Roman Empire during the medieval centuries
6.
2 points
Western Christendom defined itself in centralized terms, with the bishop of Rome (the pope) as the ultimate authority in matters of doctrine. This Western religion is known as:
7.
2 points
Term invented in the twelfth century to describe the Germany-based empire founded by Otto I in 962 c.e.
8.
2 points
An association formed by people pursuing the same line of work that regulated their professions; it also provided a social and religious network for members.
9.
2 points
Ruler of the Carolingian Empire (r. 768–814) who staged an imperial revival in Western Europe.
10.
2 points
A political-religious system in which the secular ruler is also head of the religious establishment, as in the Byzantine Empire.
11.
2 points
State that emerged around the city of Kiev in the ninth century c.e.; a culturally diverse region that included Vikings as well as Finnic and Baltic peoples.
12.
2 points
Modern term meaning “ventures of the cross,” used to describe the “holy wars” waged by Western Christendom from 1095 until the end of the Middle Ages and beyond
13.
2 points
The destruction of holy images; a term most often used to describe the Byzantine state policy of image destruction from 726 to 843.
14.
2 points
Byzantine emperor (r. 527–565 c.e.), noted for his short-lived reconquest of much of the former western Roman Empire and for his codification of Roman law.
15.
2 points
New capital for the eastern half of the Roman Empire
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