Knowledge and Reality

1.

1 point

Which of the 6 virtues is relates to Ockham’s razor and says don’t add things beyond necessity?

Simplicity

Generality

Precision

Testability/Refutability

Conservatism

Modesty

2.

1 point

This type of argument aims for the certainty of the conclusion.

Deductive Argument

Inductive Argument

3.

1 point

Which of the 6 virtues says don’t make hypothesis that only cover the evidence at hand?

Testability/Refutability

Generality

Precision

Simplicity

Modesty

Conservatism

4.

1 point

What things did Descartes know for certain?

He is a thinking thing

Existence of corporeal bodies

Math and geometry

The mind is distinct from the body

Science

Other people exist

God exists

His clear and distinct perceptions are guaranteed to be true

5.

1 point

What are the three requirements for knowledge?

Justified

True

You believe it

All of the above

6.

1 point

I am trying to explain why the scientific test I just ran didn't work. In explaining why, I postulate for my specific test the fact that the moon had been a full moon the night before impacted the testing conditions and explains why my experiment failed. This is an example of what kind of phenomenon?

Ad hoc hypothesis

Faith

Inductive argument

Invalid argument

7.

1 point

Which of the 6 virtues says don't be vague?

Simplicity

Modesty

Precision

Generality

Conservatism

Testability/Refutability

8.

1 point

Being a whale is an ______ property to something being an orca.

Essential- If it were not a whale it could not be an orca

Accidental- It could still be an orca even if it were not a whale

9.

1 point

How do we change our beliefs according to Quine?

Refute the belief

Withhold judgment

Reject the belief

Withhold belief

10.

1 point

According to Socrates what might happen to you when you die?

You get to stand in the Fields of Asphodel for all eternity

You go to heaven

Your soul finds a new body and lives on

You get to have a splendid conversation with cool people

It's just a dreamless sleep

11.

1 point

Which of the 6 virtues say that you shouldn’t go too far away from the evidence you are working with; extrapolate carefully?

Conservatism

Precision

Simplicity

Generality

Modesty

Testability/Refutability

12.

1 point

A sound argument can be valid or invalid

True- Soundness and validity are not related to one another at all.

False- Only valid arguments can be sound.

13.

1 point

What did the Oracle of Delphi tell Socrates?

He is the wisest man in Athens

He is the wisest man in the world

He should go out and ask questions of people

He is the best man in Athens

14.

1 point

What are the three Greek conceptions of the soul? (type in alphabetical order, or it'll say it's wrong. sorry!)

15.

3 points

What are the informal accusations brought against Socrates?

Teaches others to make the weaker into the stronger argument

Corrupting the youth

Believing in other new spiritual beings

Studies things in the sky and below the earth

Makes the weaker into the stronger argument

Not believing in the gods of Athens

16.

1 point

This type of argument aims for the a conclusion that is probably correct (but is not guaranteed).

Deductive Argument

Inductive Argument

17.

1 point

Which of the following were a part of Socrates' mission?

Get people to examine their beliefs

Get people to examine themselves and other people

Get people to examine their lives once

Get people to gain a critical reflectiveness concerning their beliefs

Get people to reach certainty in their beliefs

Get people to examine their lives everyday

Get people to examine their actions and values

Get people to examine just themselves

18.

1 point

Fred says that when he went outside he noticed that grass was green. Never before had he known that grass was green. In fact, people had told him that it was, but he couldn't know for sure without experiencing it. This shows that "grass is green" is what kind of knowledge?

A priori knowledge

A posteriori knowledge

19.

1 point

Who were the accusor/accusers of Socrates in the Apology?

Anytus

Lycon

Meletus

All of the above

20.

1 point

According to Socrates, does a man ever intentionally do harm either to himself or others?

Yes

No

21.

2 points

What three things are included in Quine's web of belief?

Observational sentences

Inferred beliefs

Deeply seeded beliefs

All of the above

22.

4 points

What are Descartes' Four Methods of Doubt?

I may be dreaming

My senses could be deceiving me

I could be crazy

An evil daemon could be deceiving me

All of the above

23.

1 point

What does "valid" mean? (you need to type the exact phrase, but don't worry if you don't get one of the four phrasings I listed as possibilities!)

24.

1 point

I know that if 2 Orcas join 2 other Orcas at SeaLand then SeaLand will have 4 Orcas. I have never been to SeaLand and in fact have never seen a real Orca much less four of them. The fact that I can know that 2+2=4 without experiencing it shows that this is a type of ______ knowledge.

A priori knowledge

A posteriori knowledge

25.

1 point

Which of the 6 virtues questions how much does it require you to change your current beliefs and says you shouldn’t unnecessarily deviate from your current beliefs?

Simplicity

Modesty

Testability/Refutability

Conservatism

Precision

Generality

26.

1 point

Which of the 6 virtues concerns whether or not the holder of the belief is open to their belief being tested?

Testability/Refutability

Simplicity

Generality

Conservatism

Precision

Modesty

27.

3 points

What are the formal charges brought against Socrates?

Teaches others to make the weaker into the stronger argument

Not believing in the gods of Athens

Makes the weaker into the stronger argument

Corrupting the youth

Believing in other new spiritual beings

Studies things in the sky and below the earth