Animal Health

1.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

What is the most common bovine viral vaccine in dairy industry in Australia?

Papillomatosis virus

Rotavirus

Pestivirus (Bovine viral diarrhoea)

Coronavirus

2.

1 point

PIGS

In a confinement finisher shed, the appropriate ventilation rate during winter is at least 4 air changes per hour

True

False

3.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Reversion and shedding of live viruses is a major problem for:

Synthetic peptide vaccines

Live attenuated vaccines

Inactivated vaccines

DNA vaccines

4.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Phagocytosis is a common function of which cell types?

Macrophages and T cells

T cells and B cells

Neutrophils and Macrophages

B cells and Neutrophils

5.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Which of the following vaccination methods produce earlier immunity in birds?

Intranasal spray

In-ovo inoculation

Intra dermal inoculation

Intramuscular injection

6.

1 point

BIOSECURITY

You are asked to give some straightforward advice to a pig farmer about the biosecurity on his farm. Of the four following statements which is the most likely to be offered to the farmer.

Dirty equipment is not an important cause of spread of disease

Quarantining animals is only necessary if you have breeding sows on the farm.

Check all animals daily for any signs of ill health.

Using scrap food is suitable for feeding pigs.

7.

1 point

BIOSECURITY

There are seven basic principles for the prevention and control of infectious diseases on farms. Of the four answers below which is the most likely to be included in the seven basic principles

The herd’s health status is only important if you get above a certain threshold of endemic diseases.

Visitors are allowed onto the farm when new animals need to be dropped off.

Feed and water can be used no matter where they are sourced.

Establish an agreed disease control programme.

8.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Which of the following vaccines deliver via the In-ovo route in birds?

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT)

Reovirus vaccine

Marek’s disease virus

Newcasle disease virus

9.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

What is the most common way to get artificial active acquired immunity?

Injection of antibodies

A and B

Vaccination

Exposure to the virulent pathogens

10.

1 point

BIOSECURITY

According to Beale et al 2008, what is national biosecurity?

It is the protection of human health from the negative impacts associated with the entry, establishment or spread of exotic pests.

It is the protection of the economy, environment and human health from the negative impacts associated with the entry, establishment or spread of exotic pests and diseases

It is the protection of the economy from the negative impacts associated with the entry, establishment or spread of exotic pests and diseases

It is the protection of the economy, environment and human health from the negative impacts associated with the entry, establishment or spread of endemic pests and diseases.

11.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

What is the best storage and transportation temperature for killed vaccines in oil based emulsion?

22 °C

-20 °C

2 to 8°C

-80 °C

12.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Which of the following statements is least likely to be true in a macropod suffering from Lumpy jaw?

It is most often associated with the bacteria, staphylococcus aureus

The disease is predisposed by trauma to the gingivae and soft sticky foods

Infection can be seen in the jaw, liver, stomach and spleen

Clinical signs can include a purulent nasal discharge, facial swelling and swelling around the eye

13.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Which of the following is not a role of complement?

Microbe lysis

Opsonisation of foreign particles

Enhancement of phagocytosis

Bacterial adhesion

14.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Of the following statements about Chlamydisis in birds, which is the least likely to be correct?

The fatality rate in humans is very low even if left untreated

It is a zoonotic disease and notifiable in Australia.

Disease in humans is characterised by a non-productive cough, fever and headache

Birds can be asymptomatic carriers or can show acute signs including nasal and ocular discharge

15.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

What is the function of a cytotoxic T cell?

Phagocytosis

Receptor mediated killing of infected cells

Antibody production

Exocytosis

16.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

An effective anti-viral vaccine will…………………

a)Induce strong antibody response to neutralize the live viruses

b)Induce cell mediated immunity to kill infected cells

c)Induce cell mediated immunity to protect infected cells from cell lysis

A and B

17.

1 point

BIOSECURITY

Biosecurity is essential when managing a commercial poultry farm. Of the following statements relating to a poultry farm which is the most likely to be instituted?

Poultry housing should be built close to other poultry buildings for ease of movement of birds and ease of movement of personnel.

Sheep and other domestic animals are allowed access to the farm site because they do not pose any problems.

Employees should not have contact with any cage birds, emus, racing pigeons or pigs outside work.

Farmers can wear the same boots on and off the farm because the chances of spread of disease is minimal.

18.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Which of the following is true about the adaptive or acquired immune response?

Is non-specific

Responds rapidly, within minutes

Involves macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells

Retains memory of an encounter with a pathogen

19.

1 point

PIGS

Partial depopulation for disease eradication culminates in the movement of

Infected pigs into a non-infective environment

Infected pigs into an infective environment

Non-infected pigs into a non-infective environment

Non-infected pigs into an infective environment

20.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Which virus caused 100 million deaths in during 1914-18?

Haemorrhagic fever

Spanish flu

Poliovirus

Smallpox

21.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

This person introduced the “variolation” against smallpox to UK at the 18th century?

Louis Pasteur

Mary Wortley Montagu

Robert Koch

Edward Jenner

22.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Beak and feather disease is a serious disease of birds – which of the following statements is least likely to be true?

Is characterised by feather loss on the body and wings only, the head being unaffected.

Is seen as a key threatening process in Australia wildlife

Has been seen in parrots, ravens, geese, gulls and pigeons

Can cause acute death in nestlings

23.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Sarcoptic mange can cause disease in several species of wildlife in Australia. Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

It is most commonly seen in the northern hairy nosed wombat

Often the disease is associated with an infection of lic

The disease causes the animal to scratch.

Normally the disease is only seen on the dorsal surfaces of the body

24.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Which is the correct statement about toxoplasmosis in wildlife. The disease can occur in

Mammals and Amphibians

Birds and Mammals

Reptiles and Mammals

Birds and Amphibians

25.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Which of the following organs is the site of B cell development in mammals?

Bone marrow

Spleen

Liver

Lymph node

26.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

______ is found in the highest concentration in the blood and plays a major role in antibody-mediated defenses.

IgA

IgM

IgG

IgE

27.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Which of the following cell types is the least prevalent “white cell” component of the blood?
a. Basophils
b. Lymphocytes
c. Neutrophils
d. Monocyte

Monocyte

Basophils

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

28.

1 point

PIGS

The most common respiratory disease of pigs is caused by Mycoplasma hyopnuemoniae. How does this organism cause disease?

Destruction of nasal turbinate bones

Compromises lung cellular immunity

Destruction of mucociliary apparatus

Reduces gastric acid production

29.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

What is the most common viral vaccine in sheep in Australia?

Scabby mouth

Foot and mouth disease

Border disease

Ovine herpesvirus

30.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

T lymphocytes mature in the:

Bone Marrow

Lymph Node

Spleen

Thymus

31.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

This vaccine is the first “live” viral vaccine for the human.

Smallpox

Rabies vaccine

Vaccinia

Polio vaccine

32.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Which of the following statements about Chlamydiosis in koalas is least likely to be correct? Infection can lead to……

enteritis

keratoconjunctivitis

cystitis

infertility

33.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Which of the following vaccines need adjuvants for better stimulation of the immune system?

Live virulent viruses

Both live and killed vaccines

Killed vaccines

Live attenuated vaccines

34.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

______ is the major immunoglobulin produced during a primary immune response.

IgM

IgG

IgE

IgA

35.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Coccidiosis in macropods is a common problem in captive animals. Which statement is most likely to be correct?

It causes a disease characterised by haemorrhagic gastritis

Treatment is effective using broad spectrum antibiotics

Animals can be found dead without signs or die over 1-3 days

It is mostly seen in Red kangaroos and Euros

36.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Immediately following a break in the skin, phagocytes engulf bacteria within the wound. This is an example of an ________________ immune response which is _____________ against a pathogen.

Adaptive, non-specific

Innate, non-specific

Adaptive, specific

Innate, specific

37.

1 point

PIGS

The major controller of good ventilation is the positioning of

exhaust fans

air inlets

38.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Which of the following vaccines is used in both live attenuated and killed forms?

Chicken Reovirus

Fowl pox virus

Newcastle disease virus

Chicken Influenza virus

39.

1 point

BIOSECURITY

Stock movements on a dairy farm need to be monitored carefully to avoid biosecurity concerns. You are to advise the farmer; which of the following statements is most likely to be offered to the farmer?

Allow new animals to be added to the dairy herd as soon as possible to ensure aggression between members of the herd is reduced.

Only assess animal health status prior to purchase when you are concerned that they might have bovine viral diarrhoea

Ensure stock movement records to and from the property are kept.

Purchasing new stock from reputable suppliers is an unnecessary expense.

40.

1 point

BIOSECURITY

Farm biosecurity can be defined by the following statements. Which is the least likely to be correct?

To ensure we can export products

To protect animal health

To ensure we can import products

To protect farm investment

41.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

__________ are responsible for the production of antibodies against pathogens while __________ destroy virally infected and abnormal cells.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes

B lymphocytes, Eosinophils

B lymphocytes, Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Macrophages, T lymphocytes

42.

1 point

PIGS

Your farm is positive for a respiratory disease that becomes clinical in the mid grow-finish period. When new gilts in quarantine are to be acclimated to the microflora on your farm, the most appropriate animals from your farm to expose them to are:

Grow-finish pigs

Cull sows

Cull boars

Nursery pigs

43.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Which of the following vaccines need multiple injections for better protection?

In-ovo vaccines

Killed vaccines

Live attenuated vaccines

DNA vaccines

44.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

Which of the following antibody isotypes are involved in opsonisation?

IgG and IgA

IgA and IgE

IgM and IgA

IgE and IgM

45.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

What would an elevated level of circulating basophils indicate?

Viral Infection

Parasite infection

Allergic Reaction & Parasitic Infection

Allergic reaction

46.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Which of the following statements is correct regarding Australian Bat Lyssa virus?

It causes bats to die over a period of several months

It causes death in only about 60% of bats and 75% of humans

It has caused the death in Australia of over 20 women but very few men

It causes a fatal encephalitis in bats and humans

47.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

_________________ are produced by inflammatory cells during an immune response that can bind to ___________________ on other immune cells to enhance the immune response.

Cytokines, receptors

Cytokines, complement proteins

Antibodies, cytokines

Antibodies, complement proteins

48.

1 point

VACCINOLOGY

Foot-and mouth disease virus as the first virus of vertebrates, discovered by ……

Louis Pasteur

Loeffler and Frosch

Edward Jenner

Robert Koch

49.

1 point

IMMUNOLOGY

A protein that binds to specific lymphocyte receptors activating the immune response to produce antibodies to it is referred to as a(n)?

Allergen

Adjuvant

Stimulant

Antigen

50.

1 point

WILDLIFE

Platypus mucormycosis is a serious disease in this species. Which of the following statements is least likely to be correct?

Infection can causes a high mortality rate

Infection is caused by Mucor amphibiorum

Infection can be seen in amphibians

Infection is seen in Tasmania and on the mainland in Victoria and NSW