MM7503-1

1.

1 point

Which of the following did not emerge first as a user-led innovation?

The pick-up truck

Linux software

The i-phone

The Internet

2.

1 point

Lead users have a number of important defining characteristics. Which of the following is not typical of a lead user?

Technologically more advanced than competitors.

Recognize future market requirements early.

Perceived to be innovative by their peers.

Positioned to benefit more from innovations.

3.

1 point

Government regulation always stifles innovation

True

False

4.

1 point

Innovation can only happen in the private sector because the public sector is not concerned with making profits or competition between firms.

True

False

5.

1 point

Which of these is NOT a difference between social entrepreneurs and commercial entrepreneurs?

Social entrepreneurs are less concerned with independence and wealth, and more on social means and ends.

Social entrepreneurs are older than commercial entrepreneurs.

Social entrepreneurs place less emphasis on short-term growth and longer term harvesting of the venture, and more concern on long term change and enduring heritage.

Social entrepreneurs place less reliance on the firm and management team to execute the venture, and greater reliance on a network of stakeholders and resources to develop and deliver change.

6.

1 point

Open innovation is …

a model for organising the process where firms seek to source ideas from inside and outside

an approach to risk management in innovation

a board-level commitment to unlimited funds for innovation activities

an innovation project with no limit on the number of staff employed

7.

1 point

Which of the following is not the result of knowledge push innovation?

Polyethylene plastics

Float glass manufacture

ARM’s chipset for mobile phones

Haagen Dazs ice cream

8.

1 point

‘Recombinant innovation’ is:

a technique in genetic engineering

a cross-functional team approach to new product development

applying innovation ideas from one sector in another

9.

1 point

Innovations only emerge as a result of scientific R&D.

True

False

10.

1 point

Innovations can always be traced back to a single source.

True

False

11.

1 point

‘Reverse innovation’ refers to:

a novel approach to project management

the condition where innovations developed for a different market (for example in low income emerging countries) migrate to an established market where its features are valued

a creative thinking technique

12.

1 point

Necessity is always the mother of invention. Innovation only succeeds when there is a clear user need.

True

False

13.

1 point

Which of the following would not normally be considered a radical innovation?

The jet turbine engine

Integrated circuits

Increased colour choice on the Volkswagen 'Beetle' car

Antibiotic drugs

14.

1 point

Innovation network participants must always be large organizations because they can spare the time to talk with others.

True

False

15.

1 point

Innovation can take many forms. Running a hospital booking system which reduces patient waiting time is an example of which kind of innovation?

16.

1 point

‘Need pull’ only refers to innovations linked to commercial markets.

True

False

17.

1 point

A supplier development programme involving a major buyer firm and several of its key suppliers offers an opportunity for establishing a learning network.

True

False

18.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT a source of strategic advantage through innovation?

Complexity - offering something which others find it difficult to master

Legal protection of intellectual property - offering something which others cannot do unless they pay a licence or other fee

Scale of investment in R&D

Novelty in product or service offering - offering something no one else can

19.

1 point

Innovation networks can be set up amongst competing firms.

True

False

20.

1 point

For successful innovation the ratio between ‘exploit’ and ‘explore’ search behaviour should be 80%/20%.

True

False

21.

1 point

‘Knowledge push’ refers to:

a software tool for accelerating product development

creating innovation opportunities from the results of knowledge production –for example through R&D

a government policy approach to fund high tech cities

a venture capital agency

22.

1 point

In innovation networks, bigger is always better - the more players in the network the more effective it is?

True

False

23.

1 point

Firms join innovation networks primarily to reduce their costs.

True

False

24.

1 point

Which of the following is not a benefit which could emerge from an innovation network?

getting access to different and complementary knowledge sets

reducing risks by sharing them

accessing new markets and technologies

priority access to major cultural events

25.

1 point

Innovation can take many forms, all involving a change of some kind. Which of the following is NOT a form of innovation?

Product (or service) innovation - changes in what is offered to the world

Petroleum innovation” - amount spent monthly by a business on its fuel costs

Process innovation - changes in the way offerings are created and delivered

Position innovation - changes in the context in which innovations are launched

26.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT an example of product innovation?

A new toothpaste

A new car design

A new version of the iPod

Computer-control of manufacturing operations

27.

1 point

Which of the following are factors often associated with successful innovating organizations? (Several choices may be correct.)

Large size

Rich external linkages and networks

Supportive organizational climate with structures and incentives for innovation

Mechanisms for strategic selection of innovation options

Large market share

Age of the firm - the older the better

28.

1 point

Portfolio management is:

A computer-based filing system

A set of tools for assessing and comparing innovation projects

A concept in engineering related to interlinked product features

29.

1 point

Disruptive innovation always occurs when a new technology replaces an existing one.

True

False

30.

1 point

Successful innovation depends on having patent protection for the core idea.

True

False

31.

1 point

Which of the following statements about the 'bottom of the pyramid' market is not open to challenge?

The poor - 4 billion of them - earn less than $2/day

The poor have no purchasing power and do not represent a viable market

The poor are not brand-conscious

The poor are unable to use and not interested in advanced technology

32.

1 point

Innovation networks are only used in new product development and do not apply in service sectors.

True

False

33.

1 point

User-led innovation is a marketing technique which involves asking potential users whether they will adopt an innovation.

True

False

34.

1 point

Innovation always requires a radical flash of insight - a 'eureka!' moment.

True

False

35.

1 point

Setting up innovation networks requires a legal contract between organizations.

True

False

36.

1 point

Which of the following would you class as a radical innovation? (Several choices may be correct.)

The fibre tip pen

The electric light bulb

The laser

The photocopier

Wide-bodied jet airliners

37.

1 point

Which characteristics are not positively associated with the rapid diffusion and widespread adoption of an innovation?

Observability

Complexity

Trialability

Compatibility

38.

1 point

Understanding user needs is only relevant as a source of innovation in consumer product markets.

True

False

39.

1 point

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a learning network?

they have a primary learning target – some specific learning/knowledge which the network is going to enable

they have a structure for operation, with boundaries defining participation

processes which can be mapped on to the learning cycle

there is some degree of measurement of learning outcomes which feeds back to operation of the network

they meet on working days only

40.

1 point

Communities of practice are facilities where sports skills can be developed more effectively.

True

False

41.

1 point

Haagen Daz ice cream was created to open up a new market amongst adults for what had traditionally been seen as a children's food. This is an example of position innovation.

True

False

42.

1 point

‘Not invented here’ describes:

An entry in a company’s product catalogue

An attitude in the organization towards novel ideas which accepts their technical and market potential but does not see the need to adopt them

A concept in engineering related to interlinked product A lack of R&D resources

43.

1 point

Accidents and mistakes are sometimes a source of innovation.

True

False

44.

1 point

Which of these would not normally be considered an incremental innovation?

An electric car

A low fat hamburger

Faster train journeys through better signalling

Chicken and onion flavoured potato snacks

45.

1 point

Innovation success is directly linked to the size of investment in Research and Development (R&D).

True

False

46.

1 point

The theory of networks talks about ‘emergent properties’ – essentially where the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. Which of the following is not an emergent property of an innovation network?

Bringing together different knowledge sets to solve a particular complex problem

Maximising problem-solving capabilities by getting more (and different) minds on the job

Sharing the risks around exploring and exploiting new ideas

Reducing the catering costs of network meetings

47.

1 point

There is no way to resolve the conflict between commercial business goals and those of social innovation.

True

False

48.

1 point

‘Absorptive capacity’ refers to:

Performance measurement of sponges and tissue paper

The ability of an organization to recognize, acquire, assimilate and use new knowledge from external sources

The knowledge base of the enterprise, measured in terms of the number of university degrees of its staff

49.

1 point

Which of these innovations is a typical example of 'technology' or 'knowledge' push? (Several choices may be correct.)

The Walkman personal hifi

Radar

The Pilkington Float Glass process

Online banking

YouTube and related video sharing internet sites

Car safety belts

50.

1 point

Innovation networks can only be set up with firms who are in the same geographical area.

True

False