bio exam

neutrophils engulf microbes by phagocytosis to fight an infection. normally, they perform this function for some time but then die off. these dead cells and other foreign materials form pus. which cells then clean up all the dead neutrophils?

any substance that triggers an immune response in the body is called an ____.

neonatal jaundice results when a newborn baby's liver is not working fully to remove a particular waste product. treatment involves placing the infant under a blue light, which reacts with the waste product and converts it to a form that the kidney can excrete. what is this waste product called?

this enzyme will break down starch into smaller subunits

you find a strange infection in your mouth and visit your dentist. the dentist said the new organism was prokaryotic because it has _____.

the lowest blood pressure that occurs when the ventricles are relaxing is known as ____.

which of these is the most correct sequence of signals?

a child has a bike accident and is rushed to the ER. the doctors stop the bleeding, but the child needs a transfusion. fortunately, the patient is AB- positive, so the doctors can give him _____.

heart muscle works hard and therefore consumes much ATP. which organelles would you expect to the especially numerous in the heart muscle cells?

which of these is the portion of the heartbeat that involves the contraction of the heart?

which of the leukocytes are the most abundant and begin to phagocytize pathogens to reduce the spread of infection?

Emelia was flying nonstop from LA to Tokyo on an important business trip- more than 14 hours in the air. her twin sister, Frances, stayed in Cali and went for her usual daily jog. Assuming they ate the same diet, which specific circulatory condition is Emelia more likely to get than Frances?

the interaction between two polar molecules would involve _____.

these white blood cells attack virus-infected cells in the body.

someone who has just had a glass of wine will soon make less of this hormone.

if a liver cell were to be placed in a beaker with a solution containing the same solute concentration as found inside the cell, we would say that the beaker contained a ____ solution.

James misspoke at the banquet last night and became embarrassed. his face looked red because the facial arteries and arteriole muscles relaxed. these arteries and arterioles were _____.

which of the following is a hormone that regulates the reabsorption of sodium by the distal convoluted tubes that collecting ducts?

which of the following is NOT a strategy of the body to defend against foreign organisms and cancer cells?

alberto had a bad bump on his leg, so he went to see the doctor about it. the physician said that blood clots can float away into the circulation. one of these floaters is call an ____.

a form of diffusion in which molecules pass through a protein instead of between the phospholipids is called _____.

allergens combine with IgE to cause mast cells to release

why is organ transplant challenging?

antibodies do all of these things except _____>

pepsinogen is converted to pepsin by the presence of what other substance?

urine moves from the renal pelvis to the _____ next.

the stomach begins chemical digestion of which of these substances?

sam, who is 6 and beginning his first day of school, comes into his classroom where some other children are eating peanuts. within a few minutes he complains of dizziness and seems to be struggling to breathe. you suspect ____.

to which of the following substances does hemoglobin most readily bind?

an element with more or fewer neutrons that the same element as it appears on the periodic table is known as which of the following?

these lipids have hydrophobic part and a hydrophillic part

which type of lymphocyte that forms in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland?

sometimes the immune system overreacts from exposure to normally harmless substance such as cat hair. subsequent exposure to this allergen elicits a massive inflammatory response. because of the degranulation, the chemical histamine is the cause of this inflammation. which cell type is most likely behind the problem?

you have info about a particle that contains 7 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. which of the following statements would be true?

when a leg vein is grafted to provide an alternate route around a point of obstruction between the aorta and a clogged coronary artery, the procedure is called ____.

the hormone erythropoietin acts to stimulate cells that are located in the _____ of an adult.

which of the following is capable of resetting the thermostat of the body to cause a fever?

which protein functions to break down clots after wounds heal?

a child is born with a hole in his heart between the left and right ventricles. this condition must be immediately corrected with surgery because the hole _____.

in an EKG, what does the QRS wave indicate?

which of the following does NOT normally move to any great extent from the blood into the filtrate at the renal corpuscle?

if a disease attacked this type of white blood cell, a person would no longer be able to mobilize his or her specific defenses.

which of these conditions is cancer that causes uncontrolled division of white blood cells, such that the number of cells greatly increases.

if a gallstone were to block the bile duct, which type of food would become more difficult to digest?

which is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

which of the following lifestyle changes might be used to treat or prevent high blood pressure

which of the following carbs is made by plants and is NOT digested by humans?

activated thrombin makes this protein change.

The pancreatic enzyme that breaks triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.

a child may be given the vaccine for chickenpox. if the child goes to school and plays with other children who have the chickenpox virus, the vaccinated child will not get sick. why?