Linguistics Quiz Ch1

1.

1 point

The mental representation of a speakers linguistic competence

Linguistic Competence

Back Formation

Derivational Affixes

Grammar

2.

1 point

Describes the property of language including sign language, whereby there is no natural or intrinsic relationship between the way a word is pronounced and its meaning.

Linguistic Sign

Arbitrary

Meaning

Back Formation

3.

1 point

A word composed of two or more words, which may be written as a single word or as words separated by spaces or hyphens

Compounds

Head of the compound

Suppletive forms

Inflectional Affixes

4.

2 points

Is this seperation of morphemes correct?

De+clar+a+tion

No

Yes

5.

1 point

The rightmost word: generally indicates the category and general meaning of the compound, what the sentence is referring to.

Compounds

Inflectional Affixes

Suppletive forms

Head of the compound

6.

5 points

Essay Question: What is true of Human communication in relation to animal communication?

Humans acquire language culturally- words must be learned

Distinctive sounds are arbitrary, but when strung together, have infinite combinations and meanings as words. (Linguistic creativity)

Human conversation is strictly context driven, responding to immediate stimuli

The human biology allows for a vast array of sounds, with a unique voice box and tongue- for more sounds and linguistic ability.

Words or signs have only one meaning

7.

5 points

Essay Question: What statement/s about Prescriptive grammar is/are correct?
(hint: only one is incorrect)

Set of rules and examples dealing with the syntax and word structures, intended as an aid for the learning of that language

An explicit statement about what speakers know about their language

Brought about by grammarians to legislate the proper way to use language

Defines the correct and incorrect uses of language

Pertains to a wider spectrum of speakers, culturally in that language

8.

1 point

A sound or gesture, typically a morpheme in a spoken language, that has a form bound to a meaning in a single unit.

Meaning

Universal Grammar

Linguistic Sign

Arbitrary

9.

1 point

A bound grammatical morpheme that is affixed to a word according to the rules of syntax

Suppletive forms

Productive rules

Inflectional affixes

Derivational Affixes

10.

1 point

The innate principles and properties that pertain to the grammar of all human languages

Linguistic Sign

Creativity

Bound Forms/ Closed Class

Universal Grammar

11.

1 point

Rules of grammar brought about by grammarians in an attempt to legislate what speakers grammatical rules should be, rather than what they are.

Free Forms/Open Class

Prescriptive grammar

Mental Grammar

Arbitrary

12.

1 point

The phonological or gestural representation of a morpheme or word.

Arbitrary

Root

Stem

Form

13.

1 point

The class of lexical content words; a category of words that commonly adds new words.

Free forms/open class

Derivational Affixes

Bound forms/closed class

Meaning

14.

2 points

Is this separation of morphemes correct?

Un+desire+ability

Yes

No

15.

1 point

The knowledge of a language represented by the mental grammar that accounts for speakers linguistic ability and creativity, a commonly unconscious knowledge.

Linguistic Competence

Morphemes

Derivational Affixes

Descriptive Grammar

16.

1 point

Refers to morphological rules that can be used freely and apply to all forms to create new words

Derivational affixes

Productive rules

Head of the compound

Suppletive forms

17.

1 point

The base to which an affix is attached to create a more complex form that may be another of this, or a word

Stem

Morphemes

Root

Form

18.

1 point

A speakers ability to combine the infinite number of linguistic units of their language to produce and understand an infinite range of novel sentences.

Meaning

Universal Grammar

Bound Forms/ Closed Class

Creativity

19.

1 point

A linguists description or model of the mental grammar, including the units, structures, and rules. An explicit statement about what speakers know about their language.

Grammar

Morphemes

Teaching Grammars

Descriptive Grammar

20.

1 point

A term used to refer to inflected morphemes in which the regular rules do not apply.

Derivational affixes

Suppletive forms

Productive rules

Head of the compound

21.

2 points

Is this separation of morphemes correct?

In+div+isible

No

Yes

22.

1 point

The internalized grammar that a descriptive grammar attempts to model.

Mental Grammar

Arbitrary

Form

Linguistic Competence

23.

5 points

Essay Question: What statement/s about descriptive grammar is/are true?

Refers to the structure of a language as is actually used.

A linguists description or model of the mental grammar, including the units, structures, and rules

Pertains to individuals and small groups in certain regions

Brought about by grammarians

How language actually is used, not how it necessarily "should" be used

24.

1 point

A set of language rules written to help speakers learn a foreign language or a different dialect of their language

Linguistic Sign

Universal Grammar

Prescriptive grammar

Teaching grammars

25.

1 point

The morpheme that remains when all affixes are stripped from a complex word

Root

Morphemes

Stem

Form

26.

1 point

The conceptual or semantic aspect of a sign or utterance that permits us to comprehend the message being conveyed. Expressions in language generally have both forms- pronunciation and gesture.

Universal Grammar

Arbitrary

Linguistic Sign

Meaning

27.

1 point

A category, generally a functional category, that rarely has new words added to it.

Free forms/open class

Meaning

Bound forms/closed class

Derivational Affixes

28.

1 point

The smallest unit of linguistic meaning or function

Universal Grammar

Derivational Affixes

Morphemes

Creativity

29.

5 points

Essay Question: What are the true statements about animals' communication systems?

The way that animals communicate is biological

Have a limited number of combinations they can use to communicate

New words can be invented easily

Animals must evolve in order for their signs to change

Every sign has only one meaning

30.

2 points

The word "sleeping" is a verb. When you remove the "-ing", it remains a verb (or a noun. English, am i right?) what is "-ing"?

Derivational affix

Inflectional affix

31.

2 points

Is this seperation of morphemes correct?

Gentle+man+li+ness?

No

Yes

32.

2 points

According to the X-Bar schema, in the sentence "The lazy cat sat on the chair", would the word "lazy" be placed underneath the NP or the T-bar?

NP

T-Bar

33.

2 points

What the word "unfriendly" ?

Adjective

Verb

Noun

Adverb

34.

2 points

when you remove the word "un" from "unfriendly", it remains an adjective, but what is the morpheme "un"?

Inflectional affix

Derivational affix

35.

1 point

A morpheme added to a stem or root to form a new stem or word, possibly, but not necessarily, resulting in a change in syntactic category.

Inflectional affixes

Derivational Affixes

Suppletive forms

Productive rules

36.

1 point

The use of linguistic competence in the production and comprehension of a language behavior as distinguished from linguistic knowledge. E.g. One million word sentences are an option, but this prohibits that from occuring.

Linguistic Performance

Morphemes

Teaching Grammars

Descriptive Grammar

37.

2 points

In the sentence "The lazy cat sat on the chair", would the prepositional phrase (PP) be placed below the V-bar or merely beneath the VP?

V-bar

VP

38.

1 point

Creation of a new word by removing an affix from an old word or by removing what is mistakenly considered an affix. E.g., Donation-donate, Editor-edit

Compounds

Head of the compound

Linguistic Competence

Back Formation