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Linguistics Quiz Ch1
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1.
1 point
The mental representation of a speakers linguistic competence
Linguistic Competence
Back Formation
Derivational Affixes
Grammar
2.
1 point
Describes the property of language including sign language, whereby there is no natural or intrinsic relationship between the way a word is pronounced and its meaning.
Linguistic Sign
Arbitrary
Meaning
Back Formation
3.
1 point
A word composed of two or more words, which may be written as a single word or as words separated by spaces or hyphens
Compounds
Head of the compound
Suppletive forms
Inflectional Affixes
4.
2 points
Is this seperation of morphemes correct?
De+clar+a+tion
No
Yes
5.
1 point
The rightmost word: generally indicates the category and general meaning of the compound, what the sentence is referring to.
Compounds
Inflectional Affixes
Suppletive forms
Head of the compound
6.
5 points
Essay Question: What is true of Human communication in relation to animal communication?
Humans acquire language culturally- words must be learned
Distinctive sounds are arbitrary, but when strung together, have infinite combinations and meanings as words. (Linguistic creativity)
Human conversation is strictly context driven, responding to immediate stimuli
The human biology allows for a vast array of sounds, with a unique voice box and tongue- for more sounds and linguistic ability.
Words or signs have only one meaning
7.
5 points
Essay Question: What statement/s about Prescriptive grammar is/are correct?
(hint: only one is incorrect)
Set of rules and examples dealing with the syntax and word structures, intended as an aid for the learning of that language
An explicit statement about what speakers know about their language
Brought about by grammarians to legislate the proper way to use language
Defines the correct and incorrect uses of language
Pertains to a wider spectrum of speakers, culturally in that language
8.
1 point
A sound or gesture, typically a morpheme in a spoken language, that has a form bound to a meaning in a single unit.
Meaning
Universal Grammar
Linguistic Sign
Arbitrary
9.
1 point
A bound grammatical morpheme that is affixed to a word according to the rules of syntax
Suppletive forms
Productive rules
Inflectional affixes
Derivational Affixes
10.
1 point
The innate principles and properties that pertain to the grammar of all human languages
Linguistic Sign
Creativity
Bound Forms/ Closed Class
Universal Grammar
11.
1 point
Rules of grammar brought about by grammarians in an attempt to legislate what speakers grammatical rules should be, rather than what they are.
Free Forms/Open Class
Prescriptive grammar
Mental Grammar
Arbitrary
12.
1 point
The phonological or gestural representation of a morpheme or word.
Arbitrary
Root
Stem
Form
13.
1 point
The class of lexical content words; a category of words that commonly adds new words.
Free forms/open class
Derivational Affixes
Bound forms/closed class
Meaning
14.
2 points
Is this separation of morphemes correct?
Un+desire+ability
Yes
No
15.
1 point
The knowledge of a language represented by the mental grammar that accounts for speakers linguistic ability and creativity, a commonly unconscious knowledge.
Linguistic Competence
Morphemes
Derivational Affixes
Descriptive Grammar
16.
1 point
Refers to morphological rules that can be used freely and apply to all forms to create new words
Derivational affixes
Productive rules
Head of the compound
Suppletive forms
17.
1 point
The base to which an affix is attached to create a more complex form that may be another of this, or a word
Stem
Morphemes
Root
Form
18.
1 point
A speakers ability to combine the infinite number of linguistic units of their language to produce and understand an infinite range of novel sentences.
Meaning
Universal Grammar
Bound Forms/ Closed Class
Creativity
19.
1 point
A linguists description or model of the mental grammar, including the units, structures, and rules. An explicit statement about what speakers know about their language.
Grammar
Morphemes
Teaching Grammars
Descriptive Grammar
20.
1 point
A term used to refer to inflected morphemes in which the regular rules do not apply.
Derivational affixes
Suppletive forms
Productive rules
Head of the compound
21.
2 points
Is this separation of morphemes correct?
In+div+isible
No
Yes
22.
1 point
The internalized grammar that a descriptive grammar attempts to model.
Mental Grammar
Arbitrary
Form
Linguistic Competence
23.
5 points
Essay Question: What statement/s about descriptive grammar is/are true?
Refers to the structure of a language as is actually used.
A linguists description or model of the mental grammar, including the units, structures, and rules
Pertains to individuals and small groups in certain regions
Brought about by grammarians
How language actually is used, not how it necessarily "should" be used
24.
1 point
A set of language rules written to help speakers learn a foreign language or a different dialect of their language
Linguistic Sign
Universal Grammar
Prescriptive grammar
Teaching grammars
25.
1 point
The morpheme that remains when all affixes are stripped from a complex word
Root
Morphemes
Stem
Form
26.
1 point
The conceptual or semantic aspect of a sign or utterance that permits us to comprehend the message being conveyed. Expressions in language generally have both forms- pronunciation and gesture.
Universal Grammar
Arbitrary
Linguistic Sign
Meaning
27.
1 point
A category, generally a functional category, that rarely has new words added to it.
Free forms/open class
Meaning
Bound forms/closed class
Derivational Affixes
28.
1 point
The smallest unit of linguistic meaning or function
Universal Grammar
Derivational Affixes
Morphemes
Creativity
29.
5 points
Essay Question: What are the true statements about animals' communication systems?
The way that animals communicate is biological
Have a limited number of combinations they can use to communicate
New words can be invented easily
Animals must evolve in order for their signs to change
Every sign has only one meaning
30.
2 points
The word "sleeping" is a verb. When you remove the "-ing", it remains a verb (or a noun. English, am i right?) what is "-ing"?
Derivational affix
Inflectional affix
31.
2 points
Is this seperation of morphemes correct?
Gentle+man+li+ness?
No
Yes
32.
2 points
According to the X-Bar schema, in the sentence "The lazy cat sat on the chair", would the word "lazy" be placed underneath the NP or the T-bar?
NP
T-Bar
33.
2 points
What the word "unfriendly" ?
Adjective
Verb
Noun
Adverb
34.
2 points
when you remove the word "un" from "unfriendly", it remains an adjective, but what is the morpheme "un"?
Inflectional affix
Derivational affix
35.
1 point
A morpheme added to a stem or root to form a new stem or word, possibly, but not necessarily, resulting in a change in syntactic category.
Inflectional affixes
Derivational Affixes
Suppletive forms
Productive rules
36.
1 point
The use of linguistic competence in the production and comprehension of a language behavior as distinguished from linguistic knowledge. E.g. One million word sentences are an option, but this prohibits that from occuring.
Linguistic Performance
Morphemes
Teaching Grammars
Descriptive Grammar
37.
2 points
In the sentence "The lazy cat sat on the chair", would the prepositional phrase (PP) be placed below the V-bar or merely beneath the VP?
V-bar
VP
38.
1 point
Creation of a new word by removing an affix from an old word or by removing what is mistakenly considered an affix. E.g., Donation-donate, Editor-edit
Compounds
Head of the compound
Linguistic Competence
Back Formation
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