Linguistics Quiz Ch1

1.

1 point

Creation of a new word by removing an affix from an old word or by removing what is mistakenly considered an affix. E.g., Donation-donate, Editor-edit

Head of the compound

Linguistic Competence

Compounds

Back Formation

2.

2 points

In the sentence "The lazy cat sat on the chair", would the prepositional phrase (PP) be placed below the V-bar or merely beneath the VP?

V-bar

VP

3.

1 point

The use of linguistic competence in the production and comprehension of a language behavior as distinguished from linguistic knowledge. E.g. One million word sentences are an option, but this prohibits that from occuring.

Linguistic Performance

Morphemes

Teaching Grammars

Descriptive Grammar

4.

1 point

A morpheme added to a stem or root to form a new stem or word, possibly, but not necessarily, resulting in a change in syntactic category.

Derivational Affixes

Suppletive forms

Inflectional affixes

Productive rules

5.

2 points

when you remove the word "un" from "unfriendly", it remains an adjective, but what is the morpheme "un"?

Derivational affix

Inflectional affix

6.

2 points

What the word "unfriendly" ?

Adjective

Adverb

Verb

Noun

7.

2 points

According to the X-Bar schema, in the sentence "The lazy cat sat on the chair", would the word "lazy" be placed underneath the NP or the T-bar?

NP

T-Bar

8.

2 points

Is this seperation of morphemes correct?

Gentle+man+li+ness?

No

Yes

9.

2 points

The word "sleeping" is a verb. When you remove the "-ing", it remains a verb (or a noun. English, am i right?) what is "-ing"?

Inflectional affix

Derivational affix

10.

5 points

Essay Question: What are the true statements about animals' communication systems?

The way that animals communicate is biological

Every sign has only one meaning

Have a limited number of combinations they can use to communicate

Animals must evolve in order for their signs to change

New words can be invented easily

11.

1 point

The smallest unit of linguistic meaning or function

Creativity

Derivational Affixes

Morphemes

Universal Grammar

12.

1 point

A category, generally a functional category, that rarely has new words added to it.

Bound forms/closed class

Derivational Affixes

Free forms/open class

Meaning

13.

1 point

The conceptual or semantic aspect of a sign or utterance that permits us to comprehend the message being conveyed. Expressions in language generally have both forms- pronunciation and gesture.

Linguistic Sign

Universal Grammar

Arbitrary

Meaning

14.

1 point

The morpheme that remains when all affixes are stripped from a complex word

Morphemes

Root

Stem

Form

15.

1 point

A set of language rules written to help speakers learn a foreign language or a different dialect of their language

Linguistic Sign

Universal Grammar

Prescriptive grammar

Teaching grammars

16.

5 points

Essay Question: What statement/s about descriptive grammar is/are true?

How language actually is used, not how it necessarily "should" be used

Pertains to individuals and small groups in certain regions

Brought about by grammarians

Refers to the structure of a language as is actually used.

A linguists description or model of the mental grammar, including the units, structures, and rules

17.

1 point

The internalized grammar that a descriptive grammar attempts to model.

Arbitrary

Linguistic Competence

Form

Mental Grammar

18.

2 points

Is this separation of morphemes correct?

In+div+isible

No

Yes

19.

1 point

A term used to refer to inflected morphemes in which the regular rules do not apply.

Suppletive forms

Head of the compound

Productive rules

Derivational affixes

20.

1 point

A linguists description or model of the mental grammar, including the units, structures, and rules. An explicit statement about what speakers know about their language.

Grammar

Morphemes

Teaching Grammars

Descriptive Grammar

21.

1 point

A speakers ability to combine the infinite number of linguistic units of their language to produce and understand an infinite range of novel sentences.

Meaning

Bound Forms/ Closed Class

Universal Grammar

Creativity

22.

1 point

The base to which an affix is attached to create a more complex form that may be another of this, or a word

Stem

Root

Morphemes

Form

23.

1 point

Refers to morphological rules that can be used freely and apply to all forms to create new words

Head of the compound

Productive rules

Suppletive forms

Derivational affixes

24.

1 point

The knowledge of a language represented by the mental grammar that accounts for speakers linguistic ability and creativity, a commonly unconscious knowledge.

Linguistic Competence

Morphemes

Derivational Affixes

Descriptive Grammar

25.

2 points

Is this separation of morphemes correct?

Un+desire+ability

Yes

No

26.

1 point

The class of lexical content words; a category of words that commonly adds new words.

Bound forms/closed class

Derivational Affixes

Meaning

Free forms/open class

27.

1 point

The phonological or gestural representation of a morpheme or word.

Stem

Form

Arbitrary

Root

28.

1 point

Rules of grammar brought about by grammarians in an attempt to legislate what speakers grammatical rules should be, rather than what they are.

Free Forms/Open Class

Prescriptive grammar

Mental Grammar

Arbitrary

29.

1 point

The innate principles and properties that pertain to the grammar of all human languages

Linguistic Sign

Creativity

Universal Grammar

Bound Forms/ Closed Class

30.

1 point

A bound grammatical morpheme that is affixed to a word according to the rules of syntax

Suppletive forms

Derivational Affixes

Productive rules

Inflectional affixes

31.

1 point

A sound or gesture, typically a morpheme in a spoken language, that has a form bound to a meaning in a single unit.

Linguistic Sign

Arbitrary

Meaning

Universal Grammar

32.

5 points

Essay Question: What statement/s about Prescriptive grammar is/are correct?
(hint: only one is incorrect)

Set of rules and examples dealing with the syntax and word structures, intended as an aid for the learning of that language

An explicit statement about what speakers know about their language

Defines the correct and incorrect uses of language

Brought about by grammarians to legislate the proper way to use language

Pertains to a wider spectrum of speakers, culturally in that language

33.

5 points

Essay Question: What is true of Human communication in relation to animal communication?

Distinctive sounds are arbitrary, but when strung together, have infinite combinations and meanings as words. (Linguistic creativity)

Human conversation is strictly context driven, responding to immediate stimuli

The human biology allows for a vast array of sounds, with a unique voice box and tongue- for more sounds and linguistic ability.

Words or signs have only one meaning

Humans acquire language culturally- words must be learned

34.

1 point

The rightmost word: generally indicates the category and general meaning of the compound, what the sentence is referring to.

Suppletive forms

Compounds

Inflectional Affixes

Head of the compound

35.

2 points

Is this seperation of morphemes correct?

De+clar+a+tion

Yes

No

36.

1 point

A word composed of two or more words, which may be written as a single word or as words separated by spaces or hyphens

Compounds

Suppletive forms

Inflectional Affixes

Head of the compound

37.

1 point

Describes the property of language including sign language, whereby there is no natural or intrinsic relationship between the way a word is pronounced and its meaning.

Linguistic Sign

Meaning

Back Formation

Arbitrary

38.

1 point

The mental representation of a speakers linguistic competence

Linguistic Competence

Back Formation

Derivational Affixes

Grammar