Cell Biology Lectures 23-24 (Part 2)

1.

1 point

Hemopoietic stem cells give rise to many types of blood cells

True

False

2.

1 point

Which signaling pathway is APC a part of?

Wnt

Wmt

p53

p21

3.

1 point

Why is carcinoma the most common cancer?

Most cells proliferations occurs in epithelial

Epithelial tissues are not exposed to carcinogens

Epithelial tissues are most exposed to carcinogens

Cells proliferations does not occurs in epithelial

4.

1 point

How are cells held together?

Cell Junctions

ECM

All of the above

None of the above

5.

1 point

Gap junctions can be opened to allow passage of molecules upon induction by a signal.

True

False

6.

1 point

Cancer cells require signals from other cells for growth, survival and division.

True

False

7.

1 point

What is a frequent property of agents that contribute to cancer?

Chemotherapies that damage DNA

Mutagens that damage DNA

Vaccines that damage DNA

Hallmarks that damage the DNA

8.

1 point

In therapeutic cloning, immune rejection is a problem.

True

False

9.

1 point

What is the signaling pathway that maintains stem cells in the gut?

Lamina

Stem

Wnt

Crypt

10.

1 point

Tumors progress through clonal evolution?

True

False

11.

1 point

What is a disadvantage of induced pluripotent stem cells?

Safety concerns

Abnormal development

It cannot be used therapeutically

Process still inefficient

12.

1 point

Activation of the immune response by cancer cells promotes cancer growth.

True

False

13.

1 point

Knee contains a

Low level of GAG proteoglycan - High level of Collagen

Low level of GAG proteoglycan - Low level of Collagen

High level of GAG proteoglycan - Low level of Collagen

High level of GAG proteoglycan - High level of Collagen

14.

1 point

What is a proto-oncogene?

A gene that requires an activating mutation in just one copy to promote cell survival, proliferation and cancer

A gene that usually requires inactivation of both copies to promote cell survival , proliferation and cancer

15.

1 point

Where do ECM proteins come from?

Metamorphosed by the cells

Secreted from the cells

Absorbed by the cells

Digested by the cells

16.

1 point

Where are stem cells located in the lumen of the gut?

At the button of the junctions

At the button of the wnt

At the button of the lamina

At the button of the crypt

17.

1 point

Cancer cells have lower glucose uptake than normal cells.

True

False

18.

1 point

Collagen is a triple-stranded molecule, bundled into fibrils and packed into fibers for great mechanical strength.

True

False

19.

1 point

What is a tumor suppressor gene?

A gene that requires an activating mutation in jut one copy to promote cell survival, proliferation and cancer

A gene that usually requires inactivation of both copies to promote cell survival , proliferation and cancer

20.

1 point

Some of the requirements for cancer are

Uncontrolled cell growth

Cells invade and colonize other territories

Cell proliferate uncontrollably

Metastasis

21.

1 point

What do epithelial sheets lie on top of?

Gap junctions

Tight junctions

Basal Lamina

Gut

22.

1 point

Expression of what is typically lost in cancer cells to allow motility?

Helomeres

Telomeres

Cadherins

Padherins

23.

1 point

Why do cancer cells frequently have chromosomal deletions, amplifications and translocations?

Telomeres are nor reactivated

Genetic instability

Genetic stability

Telomeres are reactivated

24.

1 point

Why are telomeres not shortened in cancer cells?

Telomeres are reactivated

Genetic instability

Genetic stability

Telomeres are not reactivated

25.

1 point

The cytoskeleton can make connections to other cells or to the ECM

True

False

26.

1 point

Why is collagen secreted in precursor form?

To maximize aggregation inside the cell

To avoid aggregation inside the cell

To slow aggregation inside the cell

To increase aggregation inside the cell

27.

1 point

Tissues are maintained by what type of cell?

Fibroblast cells

Osteoblast cells

Stem cells

Epithelial cells

28.

1 point

How can a proto-oncogene be converted into an oncogene?

Mutation

Gene amplification

Looping out

Chromosomal rearrangement

29.

1 point

What is the advantage of induced pluripotent stem cells?

It does not required a human egg cells

It can create a new human egg cells

It does required a human egg cells

It can not create a new human egg cells

30.

1 point

How do fibroblasts attach to the ECM?

Through connective

Through cell junctions

Through integrins

Through collagen

31.

1 point

Cells in the gut are polarized?

True

False

32.

1 point

What is shortened with each cell division cycle in normal cells but not in cancer cells?

Telomeres

Padherins

Helomeres

Cadherins

33.

1 point

Terminally differentiated cells can divide without limit.

True

False

34.

1 point

Bones contain a

High level of GAG proteoglycan - High level of Collagen

High level of GAG proteoglycan - Low level of Collagen

Low level of GAG proteoglycan - Low level of Collagen

Low level of GAG proteoglycan - High level of Collagen

35.

1 point

Cancer cells and stromal cells co-evolve with each other.

True

False

36.

1 point

Defects from the kidney are made up of epithelial cells.

True

False

37.

1 point

Gleevac treats CML by inhibiting a specific tyrosine kinase associated with the disease.

True

False

38.

1 point

Which type of cell is pluripotent?

Young stem cell

Embryonic stem cell

Adult stem cell

Teenager stem cell

39.

1 point

Cancer cells induce angiogenesis.

True

False

40.

1 point

Cancer cells often have increased levels of Bcl2.

True

False

41.

1 point

Integrins can be activated to bind substrates by signaling molecules and mechanical stresses both inside and outside the cell

True

False

42.

1 point

What is a gene that is frequently mutated in colon cancer?

APC

ACC

ABC

ATC

43.

1 point

80% of human cancers are of what type?

Carcinomas

Lung Cancer

Breast Cancer

Lymphomas

44.

1 point

What type of cells secrete the ECM?

Fibroblast cells

Muscular cells

Neuro cells

Epithelial cells

Osteoblast cells

45.

1 point

Eye contains a

Low level of GAG proteoglycan - High level of Collagen

High level of GAG proteoglycan - High level of Collagen

Low level of GAG proteoglycan - Low level of Collagen

High level of GAG proteoglycan - Low level of Collagen

46.

1 point

Chronic inflammation promotes cancer.

True

False

47.

1 point

Proteoglycan-GAG aggregates form gel-like substances and help to fill spaces in the ECM.

True

False

48.

1 point

Carcinomas are derived from which tissue type?

Connective tissue

Epithelial tissue

Nervous tissue

Muscular tissue

49.

1 point

What are the 4 tissue types?

Epithelial

Nervous

Muscular

Connective

Fibroblast

50.

1 point

Classify the following genes into (O) proto-oncogenes or (T) tumor suppressor genes. Separated by commas

__APC
__Ras
__P53