ophth

1.

1 point

Name three basic characteristics of colour:

Purity, saturation, depth.

Length of a wave, density, intermittence of radiation.

Radiance, coherence, contrast.

Contrast, monochromaticity, brightness.

Frequency, length of a wave, monochromaticity.

Tone, saturation (contrast), brightness.

2.

1 point

A degree of hypermetropia at subjective refraction evaluation is defined by:

Average power of glasses giving the best vision.

The highest (-) glasses giving the best vision.

The highest (+) glasses giving the best vision.

The lowest (-) glasses giving the best vision.

The highest (+) glasses giving vision 0,5.

The lowest (+) glasses giving the best vision.

3.

1 point

The human eye perceives light in a wave range:

From 380 nm to 760 nm

From 580 nm to 950 nm

From 150 nm to 760 nm

From 290 nm to 380 nm

From 760 nm to 950 nm

From 480 nm to 760 nm

4.

1 point

3. What muscles attach to the Anuulus of Zinn tendon?

All oculomotor muscles except superior oblique, m. orbicularis oculi.

Levator palpebrae superior.

Superior and inferior oblique.

All oculomotor muscles except inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superior.

All oculomotor muscles.

Lateral rectus.

5.

1 point

. Examination of the anterior chamber angle is spend with a method:

Gonioscopy.

Focal illumination.

Passing light.

Exophthalmometry.

Ophthalmoscopy.

6.

1 point

Eye adaptation is:

Increase of stimulation of the neural apparatus of an eye.

The adaptation of sensitivity of an eye to the level of illumination.

Ability to see accurate on different distance

Ability to merge in one images from two eyes.

An exhaustion of a visual pigment in rods and cones.

Reduction of level of a light stream due to pupils constriction.

7.

1 point

From what distance an eye with normal vision would see symbols of 1st row of Golovin-Sivtsev table?

40 m

30 m

100 m

5 m

50 m

10 m

8.

1 point

How many primary colours are there?:

4

5

10

3

15

7

9.

1 point

What is the magnification the image of an eye fundus details at direct ophthalmoscopy?

20 times.

10 times.

13-16 times.

2 times.

24-28 times.

4-6 times.

10.

1 point

In what part functional ability of a retina is the highest?

A peripheral zone.

The central fovea.

Perifoveolar area.

An optic nerve disk.

Macula lutea.

Perimacular area.

11.

1 point

In norm the calibre of retinal arteries and veins makes a ratio:

3:4

2:3

2:1

1:3

1:2

1:1

12.

1 point

What condition is not referred as the pathology of accommodation?

Presbyopia.

Volume of accommodation.

Aphakia.

Accommodative paresis.

Accommodative palsy.

Accommodative spasm.

13.

1 point

An examination method in passing light is used basically for the research of:

Anterior chamber angle.

Conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber.

Lens and vitreous body.

Iris and ciliary body.

An optic nerve disk.

Retina

14.

1 point

The far point of clear vision at emmetropia is located:

At the retina.

In front of the retina.

The far point does not exist.

At infinity.

Behind the retina.

In front of the eye at limited distance.

15.

1 point

What vessel passes through the vitreous body?

Vortex vein.

Schlemms canal.

Central retinal artery.

Cloquet's canal.

Hanover's canal.

lymphatic vessel.

16.

1 point

What is the magnification the image of an eye fundus details at indirect ophthalmoscopy?

2 times.

4-6 times.

10 times.

24-28 times.

20 times.

13-16 times.

17.

1 point

The far point of clear vision at myopia is located:

At infinity.

In front of the eye at limited distance.

Behind the retina.

The far point does not exist.

At the retina.

In the node point of the eye.

18.

1 point

The anterior chamber is a space limited by:

Anteriorly-iris, posteriorly-vitreous body ant. surface.

Anteriorly -cornea, posteriorly -iris.

Anteriorly -iris, posteriorly - Bruchs’ membrane.

Anteriorly -cornea, posteriorly –Bruchs’ membrane.

Anteriorly -cornea, posteriorly - vitreous body ant. surface.

Anteriorly-iris, posteriorly - vitreous body post. surface.

19.

1 point

What does the term astigmatism means?

The difference in clinical refraction in one eye between two meridians.

Adaptation to clear vision at different distances.

Age-related decrease of accommodation.

Visual tiredness.

The difference in clinical refraction between two eyes.

Absence of the lens.

20.

1 point

What is physiological scotoma?

Scotoma of Bierrum zone.

Central scotoma

A tube-pattern vision.

Peripheral scotoma.

A blind spot.

21.

1 point

At examination by a method of passing light the examiner reveals motionless opacification, moving according to the eyeball movements. Where the opacification is localised?

In the anterior chamber.

In a retina.

In a cornea.

In a vitreous body.

In a cornea or a lens.

In a lens.

22.

1 point

Presbyopia is due to:

Ciliary body dystrophy.

Age decrease of the lens elasticity.

Lens capsule thickening.

Refractive change toward hypermetropia.

Vitreous body softening.

All above.

23.

1 point

What does the term cycloplegia means?

Extraocular muscles palsy.

Fixed pupil.

Medical midriasis.

Ciliary muscle palsy.

Accommodative tiredness.

All above.

24.

1 point

The optical power of the lens is defined by:

Direction of rays after refraction in the lens.

Focal distance of the lens.

Thickness of the lens.

Radius of posterior surface curvature.

Radius of anterior surface curvature.

Average of anterior and posterior curvature radiuses.

25.

1 point

What oculomotor muscles are not innervated by n. oculomotorius?

Inferior oblique и inferior rectus.

Superior and inferior rectus.

Superior oblique и lateral rectus.

Medial rectus и inferior oblique.

Medial и lateral rectus.

Superior and inferior oblique.

26.

1 point

Elements of optical system of an eye consist:

Cornea, sclera, limbus

Iris, ciliary body, choroid.

Cornea, lens, ant. and post.chambers, vitreous body.

Cornea, iris, retina

Rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells.

Anterior and posterior chambers

27.

1 point

Name correctly cornea layers:

Epithelium, ant.limited membrane, stroma, post.limited membrane, endothelium

Epithelium, vascular, stroma, endothelium

Fibrous, vascular

Mucous, stroma, pigment, endothelium

Muscle, tarsal, mucous

Ant.limited membrane, stroma, post.limited membrane, pigment layer

28.

1 point

All following methods are used for clinical refraction examination except:

Retinoscopy.

Refractometry.

Correcting glasses fitting.

Ophthalmoscopy.

Sciascopy.

Subjective.

29.

1 point

List methods for the examination of the eye fundus:

Biomicroscopy and gonioscopy.

Cycloscopy and diaphanoscopy.

Ultrasound ophthalmobiometry.

A method of the passing and reflected illumination.

A method of direct and lateral illumination.

Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, ophthalmochromoscopy.

30.

1 point

The place of the greatest visual sensitivity in a retina is called:

A pupil.

Macula lutea.

Fuchs' spot

An optic nerve disk

A blind spot

Ora serrata

31.

1 point

In norm the level of protrusion of eyeballs from an orbit makes:

10-12 mm

22-26 mm

17-19 mm

28-30 mm

36-39 mm

5-6 mm

32.

1 point

What optical medium of the eye has the most refractive power?

Lens

Vitreous body

Cornea

Anterior chamber humour

Posterior chamber humour

Retina.

33.

1 point

What elements the light consists of?.

Photons

Molecules

Waves

Isotopes

Atoms

Dioptries

34.

1 point

A method of lateral (focal) illumination is used for:.

Measurement of intraocular pressure.

Examination of conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, anterior chamber, iris and a pupil.

Measurement of angle of the eye deviation.

Examination of the anterior chamber angle.

Evaluation of a transparency of optical mediums.

Examination of details of an eye fundus.

35.

1 point

Changes that take place in the eye during straining of accommodation are all except:

Relaxation of zonnulas.

A pupil constricts.

Contracting of ciliary muscle.

Intraocular pressure rises

The anterior chamber decreases in depth.

The lens increases its curvature.

36.

1 point

Name intraocular muscles:

Riolan’s muscle.

M.Orbicularis oculi.

Gluteus maximus muscle

Lockwood’s muscle.

Mm. sphincter et dilatator pupillae, m.ciliaris.

Horner’s muscle.

37.

1 point

A degree of myopia at subjective refraction evaluation is defined by:

The lowest (-) glasses giving the best vision.

The highest (-) glasses giving the best vision.

The highest (+) glasses giving vision 0,5.

Average power of glasses giving the best vision.

The lowest (+) glasses giving the best vision.

The highest (+) glasses giving the best vision.

38.

1 point

Examination by a method of ophthalmochromoscopy is used for:

Examination of colour sensitivity.

Differential diagnostics of the pathological changes on an eye fundus.

Evaluation of the optic mediums transparency.

Examination of the anterior chamber angle.

Examination of the iris colour and relief.

Examination of details of an eye fundus.

39.

1 point

Clinical refraction is:

Refractive power of optic system in dioptres.

Position of a main focus of optic system in relation to the cornea.

Formation of refraction under the influence of negative factors.

Position of a main focus of optic system in relation to the retina.

A position of a far point of clear vision.

Changing of an optic system power during the growing of organism.

40.

1 point

What is hemeralopia?

Loss of half of visual field.

Acute decrease of visual acuity in twilight and at night.

Decrease of visual acuity at physical activity.

Acute decrease of visual acuity at bright light.

Visual acuity improvement in twilight and at night.

Visual acuity decrease at long reading.

41.

1 point

Functions of ciliary body:

Refraction and accommodation.

Intraocular humour production and accommodation.

Intraocular humour outflow.

Intraocular humour production and outflow.

Convergence.

Accommodation.

42.

1 point

What glasses for reading 55-y.o. emmetrope needs?

+ 1,0 diopters

- 1,0 diopter

- 1,5 diopter

+ 2,5 diopter

- 2,5 diopter

+ 1,5 diopter

43.

1 point

What is defined by a method of polychromatic tables?

The form of colour vision disorder.

Ability to bifoveolar merge.

Degree of colour vision disorder.

Colour contrast sensitivity.

A field of vision on colours.

Degree of adaptation to light.

44.

1 point

1. What blood vessels and nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?

1. N. Infraorbitalis, V. Ophthalmica inferior

2. N. Opticus, A. Ophthalmica.

3.N.Oculomotorius, N.Trochlearis, N.Abducens, N.Ophtalmicus, V.Ophthalmica superior.

4. N.Opticus, V.Ophthalmica superior.

5.N. Infraorbitalis, A.Lacrimalis

6. A.Carotis int., N.Oculomotorius.

45.

1 point

Exophthalmometry allows to measure:

Angle of strabismus.

Distance between the pupils centres.

Level of intraocular pressure.

Degree of eyeballs protrusion from orbital margins.

Distance from internal to external angle of eyelids.

Width of an eye fissure.

46.

1 point

The far point of clear vision at hypermetropia is located:

In front of the eye at limited distance.

At infinity.

At the retina.

In the node point of the eye.

Behind the retina.

The far point does not exist.

47.

1 point

At the examination by a method of passing light a reflex from an eye fundus is bright-pink (the pupil is shining with bright-pink light). What can cause it?

Punctate infiltrates on a cornea

Initial cataract or partial hemophthalmos.

Total cornea opacification.

Retinal detachment.

Mature cataract or total hemophthalmos.

A norm variant.

48.

1 point

What method examines visual fields?

Amsler grid

Ophthalmoscopy

Tonometry

Exophthalmometry

Perimetry

Periscopy

49.

1 point

2. What nasal sinuses are adjacent to the internal orbital wall?

3. Ethmoidal

1. Maxillar.

2. Frontal

5. Ethmoidal and sphenoidal

6. Sphenoidal and frontal

4. Sphenoidal

50.

1 point

The average physics refraction of adult person is:

100-105 diopters.

80-85 diopters.

10-15 diopters.

60-65 diopters.

40-45 diopters.

20-15 diopters.