MarineScienceFinal2

1.

1 point

Why is the ocean temperature a steady 68F right now at Grayton Beach State Park even though the temperatures have ranged from lower 40's to upper 70's over the last 2 weeks?

The polarity of the water molecules causes high cohesion

The higher electronegativity of the oxygen atom causes the molecule to be polar which can lead to the water molecule resisting temperature changes

The hydrogen bonding causes the water molecules to increase in distance from one another when at 0 degree's C

The water molecules physical nature is changed when dissolved ions are added

2.

1 point

What chemical do we hypothesize was absent in the atmosphere on Early Earth

Water

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Oxygen

3.

1 point

In creating graphs the independent variable is placed on the ____ axis

X

Y

4.

1 point

Which ecosystem has muddy substrates with a lot of nutrients

Mangrove Forests

Rocky Shore

Coral Reefs

Kelp Forests

5.

1 point

What type of bond exists between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the Oxygen of another water molecule?

water bonds

Metallic bonding

hydrogen bonding

polar covalent bonding

6.

1 point

Which general direction does a warm front travel in the USA

North and West

South and east

North and East

South and west

7.

1 point

What does the second law of thermodynamics state?

Energy can be created or destroyed and changed form or transferred

Thermal energy is transferred from a body of higher temperature to a body of lower temperature

Thermal energy is transferred from a body of lower temperature to a body of higher temperature

8.

1 point

What kind of energy system is 100% efficient?

ISOLATED

OPEN

CLOSED

9.

1 point

Choose a biotic factor that is true of the polar seas

walrus

Whale Sharks

VERY cold temperatures

Mainly Ice

10.

1 point

What is thermal energy

wind

kinetic

heat

light

11.

1 point

Which ecosystem has the least biodiversity?

Kelp Forest

Mangrove Forest

Coral Reefs

Open Ocean

12.

1 point

What 2 key ingredients are there in forming clouds?

Rising dry air and particles of dust, or volcanic ash etc

Sinking cool moist air and a condensation nuclei

Rising dry air and water

Rising warm moist air and a condensation nuclei

13.

1 point

What type of boundary forms a long underwater volcanic mountain ranges and a giant rift

Continental - Continental Convergence

Oceanic-Oceanic Divergence

Continental - Continental Divergence

Continental - Oceanic Convergence

14.

1 point

The density of water is controlled by what factor(s)?

Salinity and Depth

Temperature and pressure

Temp and Salinity

Temperature

15.

1 point

Why does differential occur?

The curvature of Earth's surface

Because the Earth revolves around the sun

Because the Earth is on a tilt of 23.5 degrees

16.

1 point

Choose an abiotic factor that is true for Coral Reefs

Brackish waters

Cool water temperatures

Clear Water

Low oxygen levels

17.

1 point

When temperature rises what happens to the pressure of a gas in a sealed container?

Pressure increases

Pressure Decreases

18.

1 point

Which satellite type would you use if you wanted to track animals and get 14 data points a day?

Geostationary satellite

polar satellite

19.

1 point

A student wanted to test a water plant to see if changing the amount of light a plant received changed the amount of carbon dioxide removed from water
Identify the independent variable (IV) and the dependent variable (DV)

IV: The type of Plant DV: The amount of Carbon Dioxide

IV: Amount of Carbon Dioxide DV: Amount of light

IV: The Light intensity DV: The amount of Carbon Dioxide

IV: The type of plant DV: The light intensity

20.

1 point

When you are sitting down around a campfire how are you able to feel the heat?

convection

radiation

conduction

21.

1 point

Which ecosystem is found in cool waters? (5-15C)

Polar Seas

Estuary

Kelp Forest

Coral Reef

22.

1 point

Winds in the northern hemisphere are deflected towards the

Through surface currents caused by winds that are caused by pressure differences that are caused by differential heating that are caused by the curvature of the Earth and the seasons

Through the movement of warm surface water North to the Arctic, the sinking of cold salty water, the replacement of the cold sinking water by warmer water and movement of cold salty water to the South, the movement of cold salty water to the pacific and indian ocean and the rise of this less dense water to the surface and the cycle starts again

Through the movement of cool surface water North to the Arctic, the sinking of cold less dense water, the replacement of the cold sinking water by cooler water and movement of cold salty water to the South, the movement of cold salty water to the pacific and indian ocean and the rise of this more dense water to the surface and the cycle starts again

Through surface currents cause by the Coriolis effect which is caused by the spin of the Earth

23.

1 point

Which type of light penetrates the water column the least and most?

Least: Infrared Most: Blue

Least: UV Most: Blue

Least: Blue Most: Red

Least: Infrared Most: Red

24.

1 point

The boundary between warm surface water and cooler deeper waters is called the

Thermohalocline

Halo-cline

Thermocline

Isocline

25.

1 point

Choose the answer that is an example of the word ABIOTIC

cells

insect

oxygen

puppy

26.

1 point

A theory is

a thought or idea based on observations

a description of some aspect of the world based on repeated experimental observations that always applies under the same conditions

a well tested and evidence supported explanation of some aspect of the natural world based on repeated experimental observations.

is the same as a hypothesis

27.

1 point

What is an ecosystem?

All the biotic factors

An environment

All the biotic and the abiotic factors

The environment and the air

28.

1 point

A student wanted to test a water plant to see if changing the amount of light a plant received changed the amount of carbon dioxide removed from water
What are the constants?

The type of plant, the water the plants are in, each plant receiving the same amount of light each time,

The type of plant, The amount of Light and the amount of carbon dioxide

The plants that are not receiving the independent variable

29.

1 point

To cope with the hypertonic nature of the ocean many marine organisms have specialized ways of osmoregulating. Some of these are:

Absorbing water through their skin via osmosis and collecting and excreting excess salt in salt secreting glands

Drinking a lot of seawater due to a loss of water via osmosis and excreting concentrated salty urine

Drinking a lot of seawater due to a loss of water via osmosis and excreting dilute urine

Gaining water through the food they eat and excreting dilute urine

30.

1 point

Waters' high surface tension is caused by which special property?

adhesion

Universal solvent

covalent bonding

cohesion

31.

1 point

The occurrence of seasons on the Earth is due to

the Earth being closer to the Sun in summer

the Earth's axis pointing in different directions during the year

the Earth's axis being inclined at a 23.5 degree angle

the Earth changing its rotation rate during the year

32.

1 point

A student wanted to test a water plant to see if changing the amount of light a plant received changed the amount of carbon dioxide removed from water
What would be a good control?

The type of plant, The amount of Light and the amount of carbon dioxide

The type of plant, the water the plants are in, each plant receiving the same amount of light each time,

The plants that are put in the dark

33.

1 point

What do salt marshes do that benefit the health of coastal ocean water?

Salt marshes provide a natural filtering system for rain and river water moving from land to the oceans

The salt marshes provide a good shelter for fish to spawn in and for fry (baby fish) to grow up protected before entering the ocean

They provide the salt for the ocean to ensure the ocean maintains a constant salinity

Salt marshes help protect land from the effects of hurricanes

34.

1 point

An example of a study that resembles science but does not meet the requirements

epidemiology - the study of the patterns, causes and effects of health and disease conditions in populations

Astronomy - the study of celestial objects such as the moons, planets stars etc

Entomology - the study of insects

Phrenology - the study of measurements of the human skull based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind and can establish character, thoughts and emotions

35.

1 point

Winds in the northern hemisphere are deflected towards the

Right

Left

36.

1 point

When phase changes occur from a solid to a gas that is called

Deposition

Melting

Freezing

Sublimation

37.

1 point

How does Carbon exit the lithosphere?

Through photosynthesis

Through organisms dying

Through volcanic activity

Through the burning of fossil fuels

38.

1 point

What is energy that is absorbed during a phase change called?

melting

Phase energy

Phase Change

Latent heat

39.

1 point

Pick the correct answer choice that describe the kinds of weather found in each pressure system

High pressure: clouds, rain, storms

Low pressure: clouds, rain, storms

Low pressure: fair weather, no clouds or rain

40.

1 point

Compare the air pressure at sea level at the equator vs the air pressure at sea level in the arctic

The air pressure at sea level in the equator is higher than the air pressure at sea level in the arctic

The air pressure at sea level in the equator is lower than the air pressure at sea level in the arctic

41.

1 point

How do Harbor Seals respond to seasonal changes?

Harbor seals reproduce at specific times of the year to give their young the best chance of survival

Harbor seals migrate to warmer waters in the winter and cooler waters in the summer

Harbor Seals hibernate in dens

42.

1 point

What type of organisms do we hypothesize were responsible for creating the chemicals necessary for the ozone layer to form in the atmosphere?

Algae

Trees

Cyanobacteria

Corals

43.

1 point

If I had a battery and used it to power a cell phone, how would the energy change?

From Radiant to Heat and light

from chemical to mechanical

From mechanical to chemical

from chemical to radiant, sound and heat

44.

1 point

what property of water allows life to live in the polar seas or in rivers and lakes in the winte

Universal Solvent

Expands when frozen

High heat capacity

Cohesion

45.

1 point

Continental drift was not widely accepted when it was first proposed because ______

Wegener couldn't explain why or how the continents moved

magnetic and sonar data proved that Wegener's hypothesis was incorrect

continental landmasses were too big to move slowly over Earth's surface

mantle convection currents weren't in motion at the time

46.

1 point

Choose the correct answer that describes a cold front

Fast moving, causes strong storms, travels east and south on the continental USA.

Fast moving, causes slight cloud formation with warm air gently rising in front of this front

Slow moving, causes strong storms, travels west and south on the continental USA.

47.

1 point

What does polarity mean when people say that water is polar?

There is an unequal distribution of protons from the covalent bond between the hydrogens and the oxygen

water has 2 sides- an end with oxygen and an end with hydrogen

water has the ability to dissolve most substances

C There is an unequal distribution of electrons from the covalent bond between the hydrogens and the oxygen

48.

1 point

What is temperature?

how cold

how hot

Temperature is the average movement of atoms in a substance.

49.

1 point

What is one of the best ways to explore and gather data about the abiotic and biotic factors of the ocean?

Scuba Diving

Microscopes

Research vessels

Remotely Operatied Vehicles

50.

1 point

Which type of light penetrates the water column the least and most?

Least: Infrared Most: Red

Least: Infrared Most: Blue

Least: Blue Most: Red

Least: UV Most: Blue