OMF CS (PART II)

1.

1 point

Osteosynthesis in the upper jaw fractures is indicated in:

Diabetic patients

Horizontal patients

Edentulous patients

In all of these

Vertical patients

2.

1 point

What is the basic method in the diagnosis of the nasal pyramid fractures?:

Direct exam of the clinical signs

X-Ray

Ultrasonography

All these

Anterior rhynoscopy

3.

1 point

Cranial-facial disjunction is:

LeFort II fracture

Walther fracture

LeFort III fracture

Richet fracture

LeFort I fracture

4.

1 point

How much time do you keep the osteosynthesis plate at the mandibular angle level?:

It stay forever, even after consolidation

The removal of the osteosynthesis plate is not compulsory if complications do not appear

It is removed after the bone calus formation

It is removed only if an infection in the fracture outbreak appears

It depends from case to case, depending on the patient’s tolerance

5.

1 point

In Wassmund fractures of the middle face the fracture line does NOT cross:

Lacrimal bones

Ascending apophysis of the maxilla

The Vomer

Nasal bones

Middle third of pterygoid apophysis

6.

1 point

Intermaxillary disjunctions occur by:

Anterior-posterior blows

Chin blows

Nose blows

Any blow on the maxilla

Lateral blows

7.

1 point

Walther fracture consists of:

All of these

Association of one oblique and one vertical fractures

Association of two horizontal and one vertical fracture lines

Association of two vertical and one horizontal fracture lines

It is not an associated fracture

8.

1 point

Because of the spongious structure and rich vascularization in the upper jaw fractures the fibrous calus is formed in:

After 25 days

18-25 days

8-10 days

10-18 days

6-8 days

9.

1 point

The posterior fractures of the zygomatic-maxillar complex affect:

Frontal apophysis of the malar bone

Pterygoid apophysis

Orbital floor

Posterior wall of the maxillary sinus

Temporal-zygomatic arcade

10.

1 point

Important ocular disorders as diplopia, exoftalmus occur in:

LeFort II fracture

LeFort III fracture

Richet fracture

Walther fracture

Guerin fracture

11.

1 point

This is NOT characteristic for an abscess from the anatomical-pathological point of view:

Capillary congestion and difuse hemorrages

Piogene membrane which contains neoformation vessels, histiocytes, plasmocytes, limphocytes and polimopho-nucleated

Pronounced vasodilation, serous exudate, diapedesis leucocitaria and celular infiltrate

Septic vascular trombosis

Necrosis with gas bubbles

12.

1 point

What are the symptoms characteristic for posterior temporal-zygomatic fractures?:

Epistaxis

Malar bone depthening

Diplopia

Mandibular movement blockage

Nasal bleeding

13.

1 point

Which of the listed symptoms does not occur in the LeFort II fractures?:

Mandibular moves blockage

Bleeding from both nostrils

Pronounced swelling with palpebral and nose-cheeks bruises

Bite modification (Frontal open bite)

Bruises in the bottom of vestibule

14.

1 point

Frequency of the nasal pyramid bones fractures is high because of their position and prominence and is:

20%

15%

8%

3%

5%

15.

1 point

Definitive treatment of the upper jaw is done more often by:

Mixed methods

Surgical methods

Orthopaedic methods

Verticomental bandage

Chin bandage

16.

1 point

Palbebral echimosis in monocle is characteristic for the following types of fractures:

LeFort II fracture

LeFort III fracture

Temporal-zygomatic arcade fracture

Walther fracture

Orbital-sinusal fracture

17.

1 point

Which of the following symptoms do NOT occur in malar bone fractures?:

Palpebral bruises and chemosis

Sensory disorders (hypoesthesia, anesthesia)

Oclussal changes

Facial deformation

Long-lasting nasal bleeding

18.

1 point

Which of the following forms of upper jaw fractures with dental-alveolar component are the most frequent?:

Palatal fractures

Horizontal inferior fractures

Segmentary fractures of the alveolar ridge in frontal zone

All in equal measure

Tuberosity fracture

19.

1 point

The repositioning of the nasal pyramid fragments is done more often with:

Manually, with fingers

Endonasal with hemostatic forceps and exonasal with fingers

Volcov elevator

Hemostatic forceps with elastic tube

With Joseph forceps

20.

1 point

A type Walther upper jaw fracture is:

An horizontal fracture

None of these

A comminuted fracture

An associated fracture

A vertical fracture

21.

1 point

In „blowout” type fractures the bone damage occur at the level of:

Internal orbital wall

External orbital wall

Temporal-zygomatic arcade

Nasal bones

Orbital floor

22.

1 point

A fracture in „V” or the temporal-zygomatic arcade is characterized by:

Three lines of fractures

One line of fracture

Is a cominuted fracture

None of these

Two lines of fracture

23.

1 point

Zygomatic zone anesthesya occurs in:

Anterior wall of the maxillary sinus fractures

Frontal-zygomatic fractures

Temporal-zygomatic fractures

Orbital floor fractures

Blowout type fractures

24.

1 point

The consodilation of the zygomatic-maxillary fractures without displacement or properly repositioned takes:

30-35 days

15-20 days

25-30 days

5-12 days

8-10 days

25.

1 point

What methods of osteosynthesis are the most frequently used in modern practise?:

Metalic devices fixed in the bone with screws

Metal broaches passed through the mandibular fragments

Kirchner rods

Catgut ligation

Transoseous ligations with metal wire

26.

1 point

What is the basic anatomic element of the upper jaw?:

Maxillary sinus

Body

Infraorbital, incisal, tuberosity, palatal holes

Canine, infratemporal, pterigopalatyne pits

Apophysis

27.

1 point

Pseudoarthrosis occurs when lack of consolidation exceeds:

6 months

8-10 months

1-2 months

8-10 weeks

1 year

28.

1 point

In nasal pyramid fractures we do NOT encounter some of the following symptoms?:

Swelling and bruises

Nasal obstruction

Pronounced deformation of the face

Abnormal mobility of the nasal pyramid

Spontaneous pain

29.

1 point

What is the time of consolidation for of a orbital-sinusal fracture if it is repositioned properly and no complications occur ?

In 30-40 days

In 5-10 days

In maximum 60 days

In 15-20 days

In 3-5 days

30.

1 point

What symptom does not exist in upper jaw fractures?:

Mandibular jam

Bone displacement with bite disorders

Mobility of the fragments

Face deformation

Epistaxis, visibility disorders, sensory disorders

31.

1 point

What is the most frequent accident which accompanies a tuberosity fracture?:

Massive bleeding form pterygoid plexus

Pushing of the bone fragment in pterygoid fossa

Aspiration of bone fragment in upper airways

Mandibular movement blockage

Opening of maxillary sinus

32.

1 point

The symptoms manifested in a temporal-zygomatic arcade fracture are:

Mandibular movement blockage

Subcutaneous emphyzema

Bleeding from one nostril

Hypoesthesia in n.infraorbitar zone

Diplopia

33.

1 point

Intermaxillary disjunctions are:

Vertical fractures

Horizontal fractures

Comminuted fractures

Oblique fractures

Associated fractures

34.

1 point

Sensory disorders (parasthesia, hypo- or anesthesia) in upper jaw fractures occur because:

Jaw and cheekbone immersion

Nerve damage in the moment of impact

Fracture of orbital floor

Fragments’ displacement

N.infraorbitalis compression or streching

35.

1 point

The main principle in the clinical diagnosis of the malar fractures is:

Clinical signs exam (displacement, blockage, sensory disorders, diplopia, sinusal sings)

Diaphanoscopy

X-Ray

Thermal visiography

Functional diagnosis

36.

1 point

What is the frequency of maxilla fractures?:

3,3%

11-30%

20-25%

8%

15%

37.

1 point

One of the secondary complications of the nasal pyramid fracture endangers the patient’s life:

Ethmoiditis

Sinusitis

Septic poisoning

Chondritis

Breathing problems

38.

1 point

The usual sign in zygomatic-maxillary fractures is:

Bilateral ear haemorrhage

Labial-genian echimosis in the superior vestibule bilaterally

Early molar contact

Change of oclusal relations

Bulbar conjunctiva echimosis

39.

1 point

Which of the following symptoms does NOT occur in posterior fractures (zygomatic arcade)?:

Mandibular blockage

Pain

Palpation shows a depthening like an edge or sharp angle

Oclussal change

Deformation of the face

40.

1 point

What is the freqency of the temporal-zygomatic arcade fractures?:

7,9%

3,3%

15%

9,8%

8%

41.

1 point

The most frequent middle face fractures are:

Alveolar ridge fractures

Horizontal inferior fractures (LeFort I)

Horizontal middle fractures (LeFort II)

Horizontal high fractures (LeFort III)

Vertical fractures, intermaxillary disjunctions

42.

1 point

If the treatment of the nasal pyramid fracture wasn’t done on time (in the first 15 days) then it is recommended:

Application of devices for distraction and compression

Nothings is recommended

Immediate break and repositioning of the fragments

Plastic correction after 4-6 months

Osteosynthesis

43.

1 point

Because of a spongious structure and a rich vascularisation, the fibrous callus in the upper jaw fractures forms in:

18-25 days

Over 30 days

10-18 days

8-10 days

6-8 days

44.

1 point

In case of bilateral mandibular fracture: angle and condyle with displacement, if you’ve done osteosynthesis of both fracture lines with a plate for each line and screws, do you additionaly immobilize the jaw with splints and traction?:

It is made during 8-10 days

Only if osteosynthesis of the mandibular angle is done

no

Not compulsory

yes

45.

1 point

LeFort II fractures have a complex fracture line that runs:

on frontal-nasal suture, the lacrimal bones, the lower wall of the orbit, pterigoidal process base, temporal-zygomatic arcade, vomer and ethmoid bone;

through the fronto-nasal suture, lacrimal bone, the infraorbital canal, under the zygomatic bone to the tuberosity

over the alveolar process, through the nasal passages, canine fossa, tuberosity of maxilla, vomer and nasal septum;

none of these.

separates the alveolar process on the middle line, nasal floor , palate and body of maxilla;

46.

1 point

Anterior fractures of the zygomatical-maxillary complex interest the following anatomical elements:

The inferior-external wall of the orbit

Malar bone

Maxillary sinus wall

Frontal bone

Maxilla

47.

1 point

What is the cause of diplopia in the upper jaw fractures?:

Upper jaw packing

Because of descent of the orbital floor

Oculomotor nerve damage

Concussion of the extraocular muscles

Retrobulbar hematoema

48.

1 point

Horizontal upper jaw fractures with displacement are repositioned by:

With a curbed instrument

Only by osteosynthesis

Transpalatal pontic traction

Intermaxillary traction

With a traction tube fixed to a gypsum capeline

49.

1 point

Removal of intermaxillary traction and imobilization is done:

After 6 weeks

After 30 days

After 20 days

After 10 days

It depends upon the age of the patient

50.

1 point

The classification of the orbital-zygomatic complex fractures is done depending on:

Affected side of the bone

Localisation of the fracture

Association with other fractures of the skull

The direction of blow one the bone

Cause of the trauma