PT 622 Test 1

1.

1 point

How many times may a test be repeated and why?

three times and fatigue suggest nerve root compression

however many times the therapist can

1 time only because therapist has a lot to do

both a and c

2.

1 point

What is the gold standard by which all other techniques of measuring joint ROM are compared to?

Radiographic Equipment

Photography and Video Recording Equipment

Inclinometers

Goniometers

3.

1 point

Why palpate during AROM

critical for weak muscles

helps to rule out substitutions

confirms contraction of weak muscles

all the above

4.

1 point

Absolute Reliability is

Degree of similarity of measurement

Agreement of measurement

Consistency of the rank of the score

Both a and b

5.

1 point

Screening toward precision is

starting narrow and going broad

starting broad and getting more narrow

don't let initial impression matter

accessory joint motion not under patient control

6.

1 point

How would you rate someone who can hold test position against moderate to strong pressure and has full AROM (against gravity)?

2-

4

4+

4-

7.

1 point

How would you rate someone who can hold test position against slight to moderate pressure, and has full ROM (against gravity)?

2-

4

4+

4-

8.

1 point

What are the nevers when performing a MMT?

never cross two joints unless both joints have been investigated

never stabilize over the muscle belly

never apply max resistance initially;resistance should be gradual

all the above

9.

1 point

Why a manual muscle test why is stabilization necessary?

prevent substitute movements

proximal segment, counter pressure

NOT over the muscle belly being tested

all the above

10.

1 point

In a MMT, what does the number grade 3 mean?

full ROM in gravity resisted position

no ROM in gravity resisted position

holds test position against gravity and full ROM against gravity

only full ROM in gravity minimized position

11.

1 point

In what direction should pressure be applied?

parallel to line of pull of muscle or tendon

perpendicular to the line of pull of the muscle or tendon

it doesn't matter

all the above

12.

1 point

What can be controlled during an MMT?

patient positioning

stabilization

point of force application

all of the above

13.

1 point

End feel of elbow supination compared to elbow pronation

supination is firm, pronation is hard

both restricted by capsule lig

supination is hard, pronation is firm

both have a hard end feel

14.

1 point

What are the two most commonly used methods of isometric muscle testing?

manual muscle testing (MMT), handheld dynamometry (HHD)

constant external resistance and weight lifting

isokinetic dynamometers, and free weights

none are correct

15.

1 point

inter-rater reliabiiity

the consistency of performances among different raters

the consistency with one rater

important if more than one clinician is going to measure ROM of one patient

both a and c

16.

1 point

The assessment of strength is dependent on

cross-sectional size of muscle

Number of firing rate of motor units

point of resistance, stabilization, positioning,and motivation

assessment is dependent on all the above

17.

1 point

According to our RMMT text, what are the ways to test for muscle strength?

isometric and isotonic

isotonic only

isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric

isometric only

18.

1 point

what is the difference between absolute reliability and relative reliability

absolute is consistency between scores, relative is measurement maintaining position on repeated measurement

Pearson correlation provides only information regarding absolute reliability

Relative reliability uses t-test and SEMm

I give up

19.

1 point

MMT is defined as a ___ scale

interval scale

ordinal scale

both an interval and ordinal scale

none are correct

20.

1 point

A MMT result of 2+ means

full ROM in gravity resisted position

no ROM in gravity resisted position

less than 1/2 ROM in gravity resisted, but complete ROM in gravity minimized

only full ROM in gravity minimized position

21.

1 point

Strength is dependent on all the below factors EXCEPT

cross-sectional size of muscle

Number of firing rate of motor units

Age and Motivation

all the above are factors

22.

1 point

Kinematics (Chapter 1 RROM) is

describes motion without regard to force of torques that produce motion

subcategories into arthrokinematics and osteokinematics

it's the same as kinetics

both a and b

23.

1 point

Pathological end feels

firm

hard and abrupt

mushy or soft

empty, muscle spasm

24.

1 point

The moving arm landmark for goniometer is

aligned with middle of moving segment

least important of 3 landmarks

does not use bony landmarks to align

all above

25.

1 point

A T-test is

similarity between repeated scores

a test to determine absolute reliability

individual measurement will maintain position on repeated measurement

device measure what it is suppose to

26.

1 point

A perfect positive relationship will result in

a correlation coefficient of +1.0

a correlation coefficient of -1.0

a correlation coefficient of 0

a correlation coefficient of +0.8

27.

1 point

Relative reliability is

Consistency of the rank of the score

Degree of similarity between measurement

individual measurement will maintain position on repeated measurement

both A and c

28.

1 point

What is NOT true of Inclinometers

most use gravity as a reference point

available in two types: mechanical and electronic

central protractor and two arms of varying lengths

measurements are in cm rather than degrees

29.

1 point

Why move the patient through ROM (PROM)?

you need to be sure the patient knows what you are asking them to do

assess the quality of movement

assess the amount of movement

all the above

30.

1 point

Several authors suggest that in order to achieve acceptable reliability a correlation of at least ____ is necessary

a correlation coefficient of +1.0

a correlation coefficient of -1.0

a correlation coefficient of 0

a correlation coefficient of +0.8

31.

1 point

What is joint play

a patient can control it

NOT necessary for painless function and ROM

multiple joints at a time

accessory joint motion not under patient control

32.

1 point

When measuring muscle length

muscle being measured should be elongated

muscle should be isolated across 1 joint

patient should be able to assume position

all above

33.

1 point

Location of resistance

applied to distal segment of joint

applied to proximal segment of joint

exceptions: patient tolerance, based on conditions like fractures, and osteoporosis

both a and c

34.

1 point

Validity deals with

whether the same trait can be measured consistently

the extent to which measurements are repeatable

a correlation coefficient of 0

whether an instrument is truly measuring what the device is intended to measure

35.

1 point

According to the RMMT text, when is an MMT test appropriate?

assessing the strength of patients whose muscle test grade is below fair

to diagnosis of neuromuscular disease

never it's too expensive and not convenient at all

all of the above

36.

1 point

What is the correct order of a t-test?

Pearson correlation calculated, each tester obtains mean score, t-test to compare two groups.

T-test to compare two groups, Pearson correlation, each tester obtains mean score

just do a t-test

just calulate a Pearson correlation to determine relative reliability

37.

1 point

What structures limit Joint ROM according to the RROM book?

ligaments and joint capsules

just ligaments

just capsules

neither

38.

1 point

What determines testing position?

AROM

PROM

Applying resistance

the ability of the patient to move against gravity

39.

1 point

Where is the optimal test position for a two- joint muscle?

full range of its overall length

minimal range of its overall length

mid range of overall length

any position is optimal

40.

1 point

The grading scale for MMT is a

isometric grading scale

concentric grading scale

eccentric grading scale

isotonic grading scale

41.

1 point

Standard Error of Measurement

An estimate of error that would occur if measurement were taken on different subjects

a correlation analysis that accounts for both absolute and relative reliability

range from -1.0 to +1.0

can measure relative reliability but not absolute reliability

42.

1 point

Which statement is untrue of a CROM?

CROM is placed over patient's head

measures cervical flexion and extension

stands for cervical range of motion

secured to lumbar spine

43.

1 point

Resisted Isometric Test

reveals the type of contraction causing pain (ecc/conc)

no need to compare both sides in this test

does not show imbalance present in joint support

all the above

44.

1 point

Which is not significant to normative data?

Age

Sex

Culture and Recreational Activities

All affect normative data

45.

1 point

End feel of elbow supination compared to elbow pronation

supination is firm, pronation is hard

supination is hard, pronation is firm

both restricted by capsule lig

both have a hard end feel

46.

1 point

What segment of the joint should be stabilized?

distal segment

proximal segment

both distal and proximal

neither

47.

1 point

Why is an MMT first completed on uninjured side?

to apply resistance

i don't know

to first ascertain comparable strength

if you test unjured no need to test injured

48.

1 point

An expert is one who

sometimes communicates the examination process

oops! forgets to revise hypothesis

performs measurements accurately and precisely

does not search for comparable signs

49.

1 point

What is intra-rater reliability?

one rater assigns scores on separate occasions

consistency among different raters

individual measurement will maintain position on repeated measurement

device measure what it is suppose to

50.

1 point

What is an example of a hard and abrupt end feel?

elbow extension

knee extension

knee flexion

hip internal rotation