APES-2015-Chp11

1.

1 point

The traditional way of managing freshwater fish species is to ________ .

prevent large inputs of human wastewater

protect fish spawning sites

control wild predators

regulate the time and length of fishing seasons

spur excessive growth of aquatic plants

2.

1 point

Varying widely in size and behavior, ________ are an important keystone species near the top of their food webs.

sharks

coral

jellyfish

sea turtles

tuna

3.

1 point

________ receive many of their nutrients from the ecosystems of bordering land.

Beaches

Lakes and streams

Atolls

Oceans and seas

Coral reefs

4.

1 point

There is growing evidence that the current harmful effects of human activities on aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem services could be reversed over the next ________ .

100 years

10 years

6 months

20 years

millennium

5.

1 point

What area provides the best evidence of marine biodiversity?

the middle ocean depths

near river outlets

near coastal beaches

around coral reefs

the ocean surface

6.

1 point

Which type of fishing targets fish and shellfish on or near the ocean floor?

fish farming

drift-net

purse-seine

long-line

trawling

7.

1 point

Research shows that marine reserves benefit nearby ________ .

fisheries

human populations

sharks

beaches

coral reefs

8.

1 point

One reason marine biodiversity is difficult to protect is that ________ .

most of the world's ocean area lies outside the legal jurisdiction of any country

people can see the devastation of the world's oceans firsthand

many people understand that the seas are not an inexhaustible resource

the human ecological footprint is expanding slowly and controllably

there is little biodiversity in the oceans

9.

1 point

During the past 120 years, average sea levels have risen by about ________ .

10 meters

20 centimeters

100 meters

1 meter

5 centimeters

10.

1 point

Lionfish can affect coral reefs by ________ .

making their habitat among the corals in reefs

becoming the top predator fish

protecting coral reefs from prey fish

eating the algae around coral reefs

eating prey fish that consume algae around coral reefs

11.

1 point

The policy of mitigation banking allows ________ .

destruction of existing wetlands provided an equal or greater area of the same wetland type is created or restored

corporations to buy wetlands and develop them

for the protection of 90% of coastal wetlands

banks to buy wetlands and sell to entities that will restore them

destruction of wetlands in areas where economic growth is judged to be more important

12.

1 point

Which type of fishing accounts for most of the world's bycatch?

drift-net

trawling

long-line

fish farming

purse-siene

13.

1 point

The Optimum Sustained Yield calculation takes into account ________ .

interactions among species

water temperature

human population growth rate

the number of fishing boats

a species' place in the food web

14.

1 point

What tactic is a viable solution for managing fisheries?

Expand fish farms.

Relax monitoring and enforcement.

Set high catch limits.

Reduce or eliminate fishing subsidies.

Ease pollution controls.

15.

1 point

In 2013, coral reef ecologist Daniel Barshis and his colleagues found ________ in some coral species that might help them adapt to higher water temperatures projected to result from climate change.

acidic levels

biodiversity

bacteria

genes

coatings