Pathology 1

1.

1 point

Which Eosinophilic disease is matched with the correct lesion

Cattle/Sheep Eosinophilic myositis - focal green discoloration

Cat Eosinophillic Granuloma - Ulcers of vegetative masses are found in oral cavity and lips

Equine Collagenolytic Granuloma - sudden onset of temporalis muscle

Dog Eosinophilic Granuloma - Pinkish/Yellow lesion near the thighs

3.

1 point

Mast cells release

Heparin

IL-4

Serotonin

Histamine

4.

1 point

Where does vasodilation occur first?

Arterioles

Capillaries

Venules

Veins

5.

1 point

Leukocytes are able to immigrate towards a chemotactic stimulus because...

After adhesion to the endothelial surface, leukocytes use pseudopodia to escape the blood vessel.

There's a rupture in the vessel that's how they get out

Able to escape via gap junctions

Leukocytes can't escape the blood vessel

6.

1 point

Which one is a normal, physiologic feature of Macrophages?

Destruction of necrotic/dead cells

Degranulation and release of enzymes

Secretion of pro-inflammatory products

Regulation of iron stores

7.

1 point

In inflammation, Macrophages can release which secretory factors...

Histamine

Enzymes

Pro-inflammatory products

Growth factors

8.

1 point

Mast Cells and Basophils are essentially the same type of cell.

True

False

9.

1 point

Neutrophils are known as pus cells

True

False

10.

1 point

Blood monocytes cannot perform phagocytic functions.

True

False

11.

1 point

Neutropenia is the decrease in absolute number. This can occur in which condition:

Corticosteroid/Stress Induced

Acute Inflammation caused by sepsis

Acute tissue demand

Physiological feature

12.

1 point

Discribe the exudate of a serous inflammation

May be clear

May be cloudy or blood tinged

Protein content will be higher than plasma

Neutrophils will be present

Stain will be a homogenous pink

All of the above

13.

1 point

Which is NOT an action of the Kinin system

Increased permeability through actin/myosin filaments

Lysis of offending agent

Amplifies inflammation

Vasodilation through smooth muscle

14.

1 point

Which inflammation has active inflammation and tissue damage and repair simultaneously?

Chronic Inflammation

Hemorrhagic Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

15.

1 point

The flow of blood stops in larger capillaries and slows down in smaller vessels.

True

False

16.

1 point

Nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals are released during inflammation. Which statement is incorrect?

Nitric oxide causes vasodilation

Nitric oxide directly effects DNA

Oxygen causes cross-linking of proteins

Oxygen causes oxidation of cell membrane lipids

17.

1 point

Classify the inflammation from the following Discription:
Decreased neutrophils, increased mononuclear cells

None

Acute

Chronic

Subacute

18.

1 point

Rank the intensity of injury by the following vascular permeability:
Principally post capillary venules are permeable

Mild injury

Moderate injury

Severe injury

No injury

19.

1 point

Which inflammation, if cause is not removed quickly, will result in death?

Chronic Inflammation

Hemorrhagic Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

20.

1 point

Which cells differentiates into plasma cells in the tissue?

B cells

Leukocytes

T cells

Macrophages

21.

1 point

Mark which pair is most correct

Exudates - causes pain

Exudates - causes pain, swelling and redness

Exudates - causes swelling and pain

Exudate - causes swelling

22.

1 point

You are examining the pericardial sac of a sheep. You immediately notice the shiny and smooth serous surface is now dull and rough. There is also a white exudate. Under the microscope, the sample stains a dirty pink. You conclude the inflammation is:

Fibrinous Inflammation

Serous Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

23.

1 point

Which inflammation is stained with H&E and turns a pale blue?

Fibrinous Inflammation

Serous Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

24.

1 point

Which inflammation is caused by progenitor bacteria?

Fibrinous Inflammation

Serous Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

25.

1 point

Vascular permeability is related more to the intensity of injury than to the nature of the injury.

True

False

26.

1 point

What are the causes of slow blood flow

Passive congestion

Severity of injury

Stasis of lymph flow

Permeability of vascular vessels

Viscosity of blood

27.

1 point

Increased permeability allows large amount of fluids--especially proteins-- to leave circulation. This causes increased osmotic pressure extracellular you. Increased permeability occurs by which 3 factors?

Vasoconstriction of the vessel

The initial damage

Vascular leakage via leukocyte induced injury to vessel

Direct injury to endothelial cell

Endothelial cell contraction

28.

1 point

Which inflammation is presented below:
Under the microscope you discover a zone of inflammation. In the center of the of inflammation you see a foreign material which you suspect is the causative agent.

Granulomatous Inflammation

Hemorrhagic Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

29.

1 point

Which cell is the first to leave the blood vessel and reach the area of inflammation?

Neutrophils

Macrophages

Eosinophils

Basophils

30.

1 point

What are clinical signs and lesions in cattle with BLAD?

Generalized abscesses, fever, tooth loss, anorexia

Weak limbs, severe gingivitis, fever

Fever, anorexia, tooth loss, pneumonia

Severe gingivitis, Tooth loss, pneumonia, generalized abscesses

31.

1 point

The clotting system and inflammation are intimately connected.

True

False

32.

1 point

What inflammation only effects the digestive tract, the respiratory tract, and the reproduction tract?

Fibrinous Inflammation

Serous Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation

33.

1 point

Eosinophils have cytotoxic features towards

Bacteria

Parasites

Foreign material

Antibodies

34.

1 point

Exudates bring the following beneficial effects, except...

Fibrinogen-Fibrin network

Dilutes the toxins

Limits the function of movement in injury

Limits the area of inflammation

Brings Antibodies to area of injury

35.

1 point

Where do fibrinous inflammation occurs mainly on....

Serous and mucous membranes

Serous membranes only

Mucous membranes only

Within tissue membranes only

36.

1 point

Rank the intensity of the injury by the following vascular permeability:
The capillaries as well as small venules are permeable

Severe injury

Moderate injury

Mild injury

No injury

37.

1 point

In repair by connective tissue there is...

Doesn't repair injuries

Permanent loss of specialized function

Complete and fully functional repair

Replacement with the same cell type

38.

1 point

Neutrophils can kill or destroy phagocytosis material by

Degranulation and release of cytokines within surrounding fluid

Once the material is engulfed, the neutrophil dies and a marcophage cleans up the dead neutrophil

Respiratory Bursts and Digestion by enzymes

Trick question, neutrophils don't do phagocytosis

39.

1 point

Classify the inflammation from what the following description:
Exudate filled with fluid and neutrophils

Acute

Chronic

None

Subacute

40.

1 point

Which giant cell's nuclei are arranged on the periphery of the cell?

Langhan's

Pretty sure you just made up that type of cell

Epitheloid Cell

Foreign Body Giant Cell

41.

1 point

Immediate transient response is...

Monophasic

Biphasic

43.

1 point

Which cell has an important role in allergic conditions via IgE affinity?

Basophils

Mast Cells

Eosinophils

Neutrophils

44.

1 point

Select all that apply: 5 Cardinal signs of Inflammation

Redness

Pain

Swearing

Swelling

Looks ugly

Heat

Loss of function

45.

1 point

Histamine and Serotonin causes

Immediate prolonged response

Induce intracellular gap via vasodilation

Sustained prolonged response

Early transient dilation of blood vessels

46.

1 point

What are the causes of Serous Inflammation

Lung Infection

Infection in the serous cavities

Infection in the mucous membranes

Skin trauma

Inhalation of dust/foreign protein

Acute poisoning

Infection in intestines

Trauma in the joint cavities

47.

1 point

Which complement factor is matched with the correct action?

C2a- favors phagocytosis

C5a- leukocyte adhesion

C3a, C5a- decreases vascular permeability

C3b, c3bi- lysis of offending agent

48.

1 point

Plasma cells can be found in the blood.

True

False

49.

1 point

Immediately after injury...

The blood flow slows The blood flow slows

The blood flow stops

The blood vessels constrict

The blood vessels dilate

50.

1 point

Which inflammation may accumulate micro-abscesses?

Fibrinous Inflammation

Serous Inflammation

Catarrhal Inflammation

Purulent Inflammation