NeoNate week 2 (part 1)

1.

1 point

which of the following factors would cause PtCO2 to measure lower than actual arterial PO2?

I. Shock
II. Severe acidosis
III. skin edema
IV. hyperthermia
V. servere anemia

I, II, III, V

III, IV, V

I, III, IV

I, II, III, IV, V

2.

1 point

Which of the following would cause erroneous pulse oximetry readings?

presence of carboxyhemoglobin

decreased hemoglobin levels

PaO2 abover 100 torr

increased hemoglobin levels

3.

1 point

Which of the following is not part of traditional CPT?

hyperoxygenation

Postural drainage

percussion

removal secretions

4.

1 point

Which of the following are common sites used to obtain arterial blood in neonates?

I. umbilical artery
II. radial artery
III. femoral artery
IV. capillary
V. carotid artery

II, IV, V

I, II, IV

I, III, V

5.

1 point

Of the following, which best describes wasted ventilation?

physiologic deadspace

the ratio of physiologic deadspace to tidal volume

alveolar deadspace

the amount of tidal gas that leaks around the endotrachael tube

6.

1 point

Which of the following is the best definition of peak inspiratory pressure?

a positive pressure maintained in the airway during expiration

the maximum pressure exerted against the patients airway during inspiration

the pressure generated by the ventilator before a tidal volume delivery

the pressure required to open the lungs to 75% of capacity

7.

1 point

The greatest hazard associated with transcutaneous monitors is?

erythema

thermal injury

epidermal stripping

hemorrhage

8.

1 point

Reliable values obtained from capillary samples require which of the following?

puncturing with a beveled needle

heating at the heel to at least 45 degrees celcius

consistency of the technique

adequate squeezing or milking of the heel

9.

1 point

Which of the following is the goal of mechanical ventilation?

treatment and diagnosis of acute and chronic lung disorders

decrease work of breathing and provide adequate alveolar ventilation with minimal lung damage

the reversal of acute lung disorders

maintain a patent airway in the presence of lung disease

10.

1 point

As respiratory rate increases at a static tidal volume, which of the following occurs?

I. PaCO2 decreases
II. PaCO2 increases
III. alveolar ventilation increases
IV. alveolar ventilation decreases

I, IV

II, III, IV

II, III

I, III

11.

1 point

A bubble humidifier is best used with what type of oxygen administration device?

cannula

head box

ventilator

incubator

12.

1 point

The normal airway resistance in a spontaneously breathing neonate is:

40 to 50 cm H20/L/sec

20 to 30 cm H20/L/sec

10 to 20 cm H20/L/sec

30 to 40 cm H20/L/sec

13.

1 point

Which of the following is not a disadvantage of MDI therapy?

possible reaction to propellants

fixed drug concentrations

possible oropharyngeal impaction

not indicated in patients younger than 12 years

14.

1 point

The complication of necrotizing enterocolitis is most prevalent in which of the following blood gas access sites?

umbilical artery

radial artery

carotid artery

femoral artery

15.

1 point

Of the following, which alter the duration of ventilation?

I. rate
II. flow
III. PIP
IV. PEEP
V. I:T

I, II, III, IV, V

II, V

II, III, V

I, III, IV

16.

1 point

Of the following, which is the most common device used to apply CPAP to the neonate?

face chamber

headbox

nasal mask

nasal prongs

17.

1 point

Which of the following modalities to administer aerosolized medication requires the least amount of patient coordination?

MDI alone

MDI with a spacer

SVN

DPI

18.

1 point

With overexpansion of the lungs caused by air trapping, lung compliance is:

normal

reduced

high

inverse to the level of airflow

19.

1 point

RDS lowers lung compliance by:

increasing air trapping

increasing alveolar surface forces

increasing pulmonary blood flow

increasing airway resistance

20.

1 point

Which of the following is the main factor that determines airway resistance?

airway length

outlet pressure

viscosity of the gas

airway radius

21.

1 point

In the presence of right to left shunting of blood through the ductus arteriosus, arterial blood from the UAC would show?

an alkalotic pH

a high arterial PO2

a low arterial PaCO2

a low arterial PO2

22.

1 point

Of the following, which are determinants of pulmonary compliance?

I. elastic elements
II. alveolar surface forces
III. plateau pressure
IV. airway resistance
V. dynamic ventilatory pressures

I, II

II, IV

I, III, IV

III, IV, V

23.

1 point

The greatest effect on the end-tidal CO2 monitor is exerted by?

a pneumothorax

shunt perfusion

deadspace ventilation

hyperventilation

24.

1 point

Of the following, which are indications for aerosolized medication therapy?

I. Wheezing
II. retractions
III. increased respiratory rate
IV. increased peak expiratory flow
V. increasing FiO2 requirements

I, III, IV, V

II, IV

II, III, V

I, II, III, V

25.

1 point

The greatest hazard associated with the aerosolization of ribavirin in the ventilatory circuit is?

precipitation and accumulation of the drug on vent tubing and ETT

medication may not reach the patient

malfunction of the oxygen analyzer

patient may receive a lethal dose of the medication

26.

1 point

An increasing PetCO2 may indicate which of the following?

I. worsening oxygenation
II. worsening V/Q ratio
III. improving V/Q ratio
IV. improvement in alveolar deadspace disease
V. increasing alveolar deadspace

I, III, V

I, II

I, III

II, IV

27.

1 point

In the presence of which of the following scenarios could shorter inspiratory times and faster rates be used without the risk of air trapping?

improving RDS

RDS with bronchospasm

administration of surfactant to an RDS patient

RDS

28.

1 point

while suctioning the endotrachael tube following a CPT treatment, the patient becomes bradycardic. Which of the following should the respiratory care practitioner do?

stop the procedure, hyperoxygenate the patient, and shorten the duration of suction with susbsequent attempts

continue the procedure, but shorten the duration of suctioning

when done, select a larger catheter and use less negative pressure

stop the procedure order a stat chest x-ray

29.

1 point

Of the following, which would not be an indication for obtaining a blood gas sample?

change in patient status

departmental policy

signs of respiratory stress

significant blood loss

30.

1 point

Which of the following best describes PaO2?

the total amount of oxygen in the blood

the pressure of oxygen dissolved in plasma

the best indicator of adequate tissue perfusion

the amount of oxygen attached to the hemoglobin

31.

1 point

The main indication for oxygen administration is?

increasing altitude

hyperventilation

hypoxemia

barotrauma

32.

1 point

Placement of a medication nebulizer in the ventilatory circuit between the humidifier and the distal temperature probe may cause?

overheating of the circuit when the nebulizer is removed

malfunction of the nebulizer

contamination of the ventilator circuit

overhydration of the infant

33.

1 point

One advantage to the mainstream nebulizer is that?

it produces smaller particle size

it is less expensive

it can be reused

it can be used horizontally

34.

1 point

Which of the following defines alveolar ventilations?

tidal volume times respiratory rate

minute ventilation minus respiratory rate

minute ventilation minus tidal volume

minute ventilation minus deadspace ventilation

35.

1 point

Assuming an alveolar opening pressure of 24 cmH2O, which of the following combinations of PIP and PEEP would achieve the desired compression pressure?

PIP-24, PEEP-4

PIP-20, PEEP-5

PIP-26, PEEP-5

PIP-28, PEEP-4

36.

1 point

Endotracheal tube resistance can be reduced by:

lengthening the tube

shortening the tube

decreasing tidal volume

increasing gas flow

37.

1 point

CPAP increases FRC by:

increasing PaO2 and decreasing PaCO2

reducing time constants

physically holding the alveoli open during exhalation

increasing inspiratory time and decreasing expiratory time

38.

1 point

Which of the following would be considered hazards of aerosol drug therapy?

I. infection
II. medication side effects
III. drug reconcentration
IV. overhydration
V. intraventricular hemorrhage

II, III, IV

I, II, III, IV

I, II, IV, V

III, IV, V

39.

1 point

Which of the following is true regarding gaseous oxygen?

It supports and intensifies combustion

It is the sole causative factor in the development of ROP

It causes spontaneous combustion in plastics

Its atmospheric concentration is higher at sea level

40.

1 point

A physician orders a pediatric patient to be on an FiO2 of 35%. Which of the following devices would be best deliver the ordered FiO2?

nonrebreathing mask

simple mask at 6 L/min

cannula at 3 L/min

venturi mask

41.

1 point

As volume is extracted the thorax at its unstressed volume, the ribs:

pull inward

recoil outward

spread apart

pull closer together

42.

1 point

The purpose of heating the skin at the attachment site of the TCM is to?

decrease capillary shunting

increase the perfusion to the area

cause the skin to sweat

increase the tissue PaO2

43.

1 point

Of the following, which are indicates for CPT?

I. Asthma
II. Atelectasis
III. Cystic Fibrosis
IV. prolonged bed rest
V. Ventilator care

I, II, III, IV, V

I, III, IV

II, III, IV

I, II, IV, V

44.

1 point

Normal lung compliance in a newborn is?

10 to 15 mL/cmH2O

25 to 30 mL/cmH2O

7 to 10 mL/cmH2O

2.5 to 5 mL/cmH2O

45.

1 point

A major disadvantage of a mainstream end-tidal CO2 monitor is?

occulsion with condensed water

increased risk of pneumothorax

accidental extubation

thermal monitor

46.

1 point

To ensure maximum effectiveness, PEP should be followed by what technique?

FET

high-frequency chest compressions

CPT with postural drainage

autogenic drainage