Final Review

1.

1 point

It you give an orbiting satellite extra energy by firing it's rocket in the direction of travel

it will move into a larger orbit that is farther out and move more quickly

its orbit will not change

it will move into a larger orbit that is farther out and move more slowly

it will move into a smaller orbit and move more quickly

it will continue to travel in the same orbit, but moving faster

2.

1 point

Everything looks red through a red filter because

the filter transmits red light and absorbs other colors

the filter emits red light and absorbs other colors

the filter diffracts red light and reflects other colors

the filter reflects red light and transmits other colors

the filter absorbs red light and emits other colors

3.

1 point

You're stranded on a desert island. You locate the north star Polaris. It is 17 degrees above the horizon. What is your latitude?

73 degrees south

17 degrees south

73 degrees north

17 degrees north

4.

1 point

The dark side of the moon

the side of the moon currently pointed away from the earth

the side of the moon that is currently facing away from the sun

the side of the moon that is currently facing the sun

the side of the moon we never see

5.

1 point

A skater can spin faster by pulling her arms closer to her body or spin slower by spreading her arms out from her body. This is due to

Newton's third law

the law of gravity

conservation of energy

conservation of angular momentum

6.

1 point

According to Newton's law of motion, which of the following are true for a truck hitting a sports car head on at equal speed

both vehicles experience an equal and opposite change in velocity

all of these answers

both vehicles experience an equal and opposite force

both vehicles experience an equal and opposite acceleration (or deceleration)

7.

1 point

What happens when new data contradicts predictions made by a scientific model or theory

the theory can be replaced or revised to agree with the new data

nothing

the experiments or observations have to be repeated because they must be wrong

the theory must be replaced because it has been proven false

scientists conduct a vote to decide if the theory is right or wrong

8.

1 point

We refer to light electromagnetic radiation because

Light is generated by oscillating electric fields

Photons have a strong electric charge

Light is composed of electrons

Light us generated by hot objects

Light is composed of electrons and magnetons

9.

1 point

Precession is

the 26,000 year rotation of the earth's axis

the rotation of the earth around the sun every year

the monthly rotation of the moon around the earth

the rotation of the earth on its axis every 24 hours

10.

1 point

Kepler's second law tells us that

force equals mass times acceleration

the force of gravity is the same everywhere in the universe

planets move more slowly when close to the sun

the sun is at the center of the solar system, not the earth

planets move more quickly when closer to the sun

11.

1 point

Ptolemy was an astronomer who

suggested that the sun was the center of the solar system, not the earth

determined that the earth was round and measured its size

constructed a model of the heavens based on spinning circles on circles

invented the telescope

12.

1 point

For a science project, your niece wants to measure the circumference (size) of the earth like they did anciently. What should she measure?

The time it takes for the sun or a particular star to move from the horizon to the zenith at two positions on earth separated along an north-south line.

The angle of two known stars above the horizon from the same location on earth

The angle of the sun on a particular star above the horizon at the same time from two locations separated by several hundred miles.

The time it takes for the sun or a particular star to move from the horizon to the zenith at two positions on earth separated along an east-west line.

13.

1 point

If you are watching a total eclipse of the moon, what time is it?

noon

midnight

sometime between 10 pm and 2 am

any time during the day

any time during the night

14.

1 point

All the largest optical, IR, and radio telescopes today are

reflector telescopes

obsolete

galilean telescopes

refractor telescopes

15.

1 point

He determined the circumference of the earth by measuring the angle of sunlight at two positions on Earth

Ptolemy

Galileo

Kepler

Aristotle

Eratosthenes

16.

1 point

A planet farther from the sun than earth will

have a longer day compared to earth

take longer to go around the sun than earth

not have any tides, if it has ocean

have more extreme winter weather than earth

have a shorter year than earth

17.

1 point

During mid-summer in Utah.

it is summer is the southern hemisphere

the sun is closer to the earth than during the winter

sunlight falls more directly on the southern hemisphere for longer periods of time each day than in the northern hemisphere

Sunlight falls more directly on the northern hemisphere for longer periods of time each day than in the southern hemisphere

sunlight fall equally on both hemispheres, just a different times of day.

18.

1 point

Which of the followings is the MOST IMPORTANT reason to put a telescope in space

To be able to monitor the sky 24 hours a day

to avoid bad weather and light pollution

to get sharper images unaffected by atmospheric turbulence

to observe gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet, or infrared radiation that is absorbed by the atmosphere

19.

1 point

Which form of electromagnetic radiation are you mostly emitting right now?

optical light

radio waves

x-rays

ultraviolet light

infrared light

20.

1 point

Astrology is considered a pseudoscience because

it has been verified many times throughout history.

it has been corrected and modernized to take into account the precession of the earth

it sounds scientific but ignores disagreements with observed facts.

it is based on accurate positions of the planets and sun in the constellations of the zodiac.

it make verifiable predictions about the future that can be tested.

21.

1 point

What path do the stars take across the sky as viewed from Utah?

stars far enough north never set, they just rotate around the north celestial pole

Stars that rise due east go to the north of the zenith and set due west

stars that rise in the northeast go directly overhead and set in the southwest

Stars that rise due east go directly overhead and set due west

22.

1 point

According to Newton's law of gravity, if there are two moons with the same mass orbiting a planet, but one orbits twice as far from the planet as the first, the force of gravity between the distant moon and the planet will be

two times smaller than the closer moon

two times larger than the closer moon

four times smaller than the closer moon

four times larger than the closer moon

exactly the same as the closer moon

23.

1 point

A total eclipse of the moon

occurs when the shadow of the earth blocks the sunlight hitting the moon

occurs when the sun goes between the earth and the moon

occurs twice every year

occurs when the moon goes between the earth and the sun

24.

1 point

Total solar eclipses

Occur when the sun goes between the earth and the moon.

Occur when the moon goes between the earth and the sun

Occur when the moon is full

Occur when the shadow of the earth blocks the sunlight hitting the moon.

Occur twice every year

25.

1 point

When Galileo observed the phases of Venus, he saw

a rocky planet with craters and mountains, proving Venus was similar to Earth

all phases, proving Venus orbits around the Sun, not Earth

only the full phase, proving Venus is farther from the Sun than the Earth

all phases, proving Venus orbits around the Earth like the Moon

only crescent and new phases, proving Venus rotates on a sphere between the Earth and the Sun

26.

1 point

Why do we see essentially the same face of the moon at all times?

Because the sun illuminates one only half of the moon at a time

Because the moon has a nearly circular orbit around Earth.

Because the moon does not rotate

Because the other face points toward us only at new Moon, when we can't see the moon

Because the moon's rotational and orbital periods are equal

27.

1 point

What causes the apparent retrograde (backwards) motion of the planets

apparent retrograde motion is an illusion created by turbulence in earths atmosphere

As earth passes another planet its gravitational pull slows down the other planet so that it appears to be traveling backwards

when planets are farther from the sun, they move slower than when they are nearer the sun; it is during this slower period they appear to move backwards

the other planets never really appear to move backward, the background stars appear to shift due to earths revolution around the sun

as earth passes another slower moving planet, the other planet appears to move backward with respect to the background stars, but the planets motion does not really go backwards

28.

1 point

The Focault pendulum in the lobby of the UVU science building knocks down the wooden pegs

because the earth is underneath it

every 12 hours

because the swinging metal ball slowly tries to align itself with the magnetic field of the earth

it doesn't rotate; kids knock down the gegs

29.

1 point

If the moon is setting at dawn the phase of the moon must be

waning crescent

first quarter

new

third quarter

full

30.

1 point

Which is an example of kinetic energy?

A battery

Radio waves emitted from a tower

Boiling water

A banana

Sunlight

31.

1 point

He discovered that Jupiter has moons and showed that they orbit Jupiter, not the earth:

Aristotle

Ptolemy

Tycho Brahe

Galileo

Kepler

32.

1 point

Adaptive optics is a new technology that

uses a deformable mirror to correct distortions caused by the atmosphere

makes it possible for telescopes in space to remain aligned with their targets while they orbit earth.

makes it possible to add new cameras and spectrographs on older telescopes

uses electronic detectors to create digital images of objects in space

33.

1 point

mass is a measure of the quantity of matter contained in an object; weight is

a measure of a force that depends on mass and acceleration, such as the due to gravity

a measure of the momentum of an object, which depends on mass and velocity

also measure of the quantity of matter

a measure of the number of atoms in an object

34.

1 point

Astronomers can identify elements in distant objects because each element has its own unique

motion

diffraction lines

pattern of emission and/or absorption line

color due to its temperature

shape

35.

1 point

Why will Polaris not be the North Star in 3,000 years?

Polaris will have gone supernovae by then

Earth's axis of rotation is precessing with a period of 26,000 years

Polaris is fading slowly, and will be invisible by then

Stars move through space, and Polaris is moving away from the north celestial pole.

36.

1 point

A charge-coupled device (CCD)

a device that makes it possible to use your credit or debit car just by tapping it on the card reader.

is a computer chip with pixels that are sensitive to light

any electronic device that contains a battery or other power source

an array of pixels that emit light of a particular wavelength

37.

1 point

What would the seasons be like if the earth's axis of rotation were not tilted with respect to the ecliptic

Summer would be hotter, but winter would be about the same.

There would be no seasons; the weather would be the same year-round.

The seasons would be more mild, with summer and winter, but summer would be cooler and winter would be warmer

The seasons would be more extreme: winter would be colder and summer would be hotter.